{"id":11942,"date":"2025-11-19T10:50:05","date_gmt":"2025-11-19T10:50:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/?p=11942"},"modified":"2025-11-19T10:53:15","modified_gmt":"2025-11-19T10:53:15","slug":"credible-challenge-to-patent-and-patent-infringement","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/credible-challenge-to-patent-and-patent-infringement\/","title":{"rendered":"Credible Challenge to Patent and Patent Infringement"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 id=\"brief-head-note\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Brief_Head_Note\"><\/span>Brief Head Note<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Interim injunction refused in IN\u2019645 despite admitted infringement; patent held highly vulnerable. The Court refused to grant an interim injunction, holding that the patent is highly vulnerable on multiple grounds: prior claiming by FMC\u2019s own earlier patent IN 269104, lack of novelty and inventive step over cited prior art. Relying on the \u201ccredible challenge\u201d principle laid down in F. Hoffmann-La Roche v. Cipla, Ericsson v. Lava, and Interdigital v. Xiaomi, the Court observed that only 19 days of patent life remained, Natco had already launched the product after obtaining regulatory approvals, and monetary compensation would suffice for the short remaining period.<\/p><div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_82_2 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #0c0c0c;color:#0c0c0c\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #0c0c0c;color:#0c0c0c\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/credible-challenge-to-patent-and-patent-infringement\/#Brief_Head_Note\" >Brief Head Note<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/credible-challenge-to-patent-and-patent-infringement\/#Facts\" >Facts<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/credible-challenge-to-patent-and-patent-infringement\/#Earlier_Litigation_History\" >Earlier Litigation History<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/credible-challenge-to-patent-and-patent-infringement\/#Procedural_Detail\" >Procedural Detail<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/credible-challenge-to-patent-and-patent-infringement\/#Dispute\" >Dispute<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/credible-challenge-to-patent-and-patent-infringement\/#Detailed_Reasoning_of_the_Court\" >Detailed Reasoning of the Court<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/credible-challenge-to-patent-and-patent-infringement\/#Grounds_of_Invalidity_Examined\" >Grounds of Invalidity Examined<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/credible-challenge-to-patent-and-patent-infringement\/#1%EF%B8%8F%E2%83%A3_Prior_Claiming_Double_Patenting\" >1\ufe0f\u20e3 Prior Claiming \/ Double Patenting<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/credible-challenge-to-patent-and-patent-infringement\/#2%EF%B8%8F%E2%83%A3_Lack_of_Novelty\" >2\ufe0f\u20e3 Lack of Novelty<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/credible-challenge-to-patent-and-patent-infringement\/#3%EF%B8%8F%E2%83%A3_Obviousness\" >3\ufe0f\u20e3 Obviousness<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/credible-challenge-to-patent-and-patent-infringement\/#4%EF%B8%8F%E2%83%A3_Section_3d_%E2%80%93_Mere_New_Form\" >4\ufe0f\u20e3 Section 3(d) \u2013 Mere New Form<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/credible-challenge-to-patent-and-patent-infringement\/#5%EF%B8%8F%E2%83%A3_Section_3e\" >5\ufe0f\u20e3 Section 3(e)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/credible-challenge-to-patent-and-patent-infringement\/#6%EF%B8%8F%E2%83%A3_Insufficient_Disclosure_Inoperability\" >6\ufe0f\u20e3 Insufficient Disclosure \/ Inoperability<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/credible-challenge-to-patent-and-patent-infringement\/#Court_Relied_on_Major_Judgments\" >Court Relied on Major Judgments<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/credible-challenge-to-patent-and-patent-infringement\/#Decision\" >Decision<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/credible-challenge-to-patent-and-patent-infringement\/#Case_Details\" >Case Details<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/credible-challenge-to-patent-and-patent-infringement\/#Disclaimer\" >Disclaimer<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/credible-challenge-to-patent-and-patent-infringement\/#Written_By\" >Written By<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n<h2 id=\"facts\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Facts\"><\/span>Facts<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>The case revolves around a patent dispute in the agrochemical industry between FMC Corporation (an American company) along with its group companies (collectively called the plaintiffs) and Natco Pharma Limited (an Indian pharmaceutical and agrochemical company, referred to as the defendant).<\/p>\n<p>The plaintiffs own Indian Patent No. 298645 (called the suit patent), granted in 2018, which is titled \u201cMethod for Preparing N-Phenylpyrazole-1-Carboxamides\u201d. This patent covers a process to make certain insecticides, and importantly, Claim 12 protects a specific chemical compound known as the Compound of Formula 3, which is an intermediate chemical used in that process. This intermediate is <strong>2-amino-5-cyano-N,3-dimethylbenzamide<\/strong> \u2013 basically a building block chemical needed to produce the final insecticide called Cyantraniliprole.<\/p>\n<p>The plaintiffs discovered that Natco was manufacturing and selling an insecticide product called <strong>Cyantraniliprole 10.26% OD (Oil Dispersion)<\/strong> using this exact patented intermediate. Natco openly admitted in court that it was using this intermediate in its manufacturing process.<\/p>\n<p>The patent is set to expire on <strong>6 December 2025<\/strong>, so very little time was left when the judgment came.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"earlier-litigation-history\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Earlier_Litigation_History\"><\/span>Earlier Litigation History<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Long history of disputes between FMC and Natco over Chlorantraniliprole &amp; Cyantraniliprole<\/li>\n<li>Earlier cases focused on process claims (Claims 1\u201311)<\/li>\n<li>Courts had denied injunction earlier since Natco\u2019s process was different enough<\/li>\n<li>Current dispute strictly concerns **Claim 12 \u2013 the intermediate compound**<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"procedural-detail\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Procedural_Detail\"><\/span>Procedural Detail<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>The suit was filed in 2024. The plaintiffs moved an application (I.A. 34151\/2024) under Order 39 Rules 1 &amp; 2 CPC for interim injunction.<\/p>\n<table border=\"1\" cellpadding=\"6\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Event<\/th>\n<th>Details<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Natco Product Launch<\/td>\n<td>Already launched before hearing<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Disclosure Ordered<\/td>\n<td>1 August 2025 (sales + stock disclosed via affidavit)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Judgment Delivered<\/td>\n<td>17 November 2025 (19 days before expiry)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Patent Expiry<\/td>\n<td>6 December 2025<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Natco had earlier filed a revocation petition and secured regulatory approvals. Parallel matters from Chandigarh were transferred to Delhi High Court.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"dispute\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Dispute\"><\/span>Dispute<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>The core dispute:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Natco admitted infringement<\/strong> \u2192 using the patented intermediate<\/li>\n<li>FMC argued injunction is automatic because patent validity extends till 6 December 2025<\/li>\n<li>Natco argued \u2192 patent is invalid on multiple grounds:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Lack of novelty<\/li>\n<li>Obviousness<\/li>\n<li>Prior claiming by IN 269104 (double patenting)<\/li>\n<li>Section 3(d): mere new form<\/li>\n<li>Section 3(e): mere admixture<\/li>\n<li>Insufficient disclosure \/ too broad claims<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Natco \u2192 \u201cWe filed revocation, so we cleared the way \u2014 and patent has only days left.\u201d FMC \u2192 \u201cNatco is a habitual infringer; admitted infringement requires injunction.\u201d<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"detailed-reasoning\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Detailed_Reasoning_of_the_Court\"><\/span>Detailed Reasoning of the Court<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>The court reiterated the rule from major patent cases:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Where infringement is admitted \u2192 burden shifts to defendant<\/li>\n<li>If defendant raises a <strong>credible challenge<\/strong> to validity \u2192 <strong>no injunction<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 id=\"grounds-of-invalidity\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Grounds_of_Invalidity_Examined\"><\/span>Grounds of Invalidity Examined<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1%EF%B8%8F%E2%83%A3_Prior_Claiming_Double_Patenting\"><\/span>1\ufe0f\u20e3 Prior Claiming \/ Double Patenting<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>The intermediate was already claimed in FMC\u2019s earlier patent IN 269104.<\/p>\n<p>The court held: serious triable issue \u2192 Section 64(1)(f).<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2%EF%B8%8F%E2%83%A3_Lack_of_Novelty\"><\/span>2\ufe0f\u20e3 Lack of Novelty<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>Prior art documents D1\u2013D12 showed similar compounds. D4 &amp; D6 \u2192 close structural matches<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3%EF%B8%8F%E2%83%A3_Obviousness\"><\/span>3\ufe0f\u20e3 Obviousness<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>Pozzoli test \u2192 skilled person could easily derive the same intermediate.<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4%EF%B8%8F%E2%83%A3_Section_3d_%E2%80%93_Mere_New_Form\"><\/span>4\ufe0f\u20e3 Section 3(d) \u2013 Mere New Form<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>No efficacy data \u2192 vulnerable.<\/p>\n<p>Section 3(d) applies to intermediates too \u2192 Novartis ruling followed.<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5%EF%B8%8F%E2%83%A3_Section_3e\"><\/span>5\ufe0f\u20e3 Section 3(e)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>This ground was not accepted.<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"6%EF%B8%8F%E2%83%A3_Insufficient_Disclosure_Inoperability\"><\/span>6\ufe0f\u20e3 Insufficient Disclosure \/ Inoperability<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>Patent failed to guide manufacture where R3 \u2260 methyl \u2192 serious issue exists.<\/p>\n<p>Thus, patent is \u201c<strong>highly vulnerable<\/strong>\u201d.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"relied-case-law\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Court_Relied_on_Major_Judgments\"><\/span>Court Relied on Major Judgments<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>F. Hoffmann-La Roche v. Cipla 2015 \u2013 credible challenge rule<\/li>\n<li>Telefonaktiebolaget Ericsson v. Lava \u2013 vulnerability test<\/li>\n<li>Interdigital v. Xiaomi 2024 \u2013 short patent life against injunction<\/li>\n<li>Nokia v. Oppo \u2013 strong prior art \u2192 no injunction<\/li>\n<li>Avery Dennison v. Konti Continental \u2013 overlapping patents = vulnerable<\/li>\n<li>Bristol Myers Squibb v. J.B. Chemicals \u2013 damages preferable if expiry near<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Irreparable injury not established:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Only 19 days patent life remaining<\/li>\n<li>Natco stock would otherwise be wasted<\/li>\n<li>Money damages sufficient<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"decision\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Decision\"><\/span>Decision<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong>Application I.A. 34151\/2024 was dismissed.<\/strong><br \/>\nNo interim injunction was granted.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"case-details\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Case_Details\"><\/span>Case Details<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Case Title:<\/strong> FMC Corporation &amp; Ors. Versus Natco Pharma Limited<\/li>\n<li><strong>Judgment Date:<\/strong> 17 November 2025<\/li>\n<li><strong>Case Number:<\/strong> CS(COMM) 607\/2024<\/li>\n<li><strong>Neutral Citation:<\/strong> 2025:DHC:10092<\/li>\n<li><strong>Court:<\/strong> High Court of Delhi<\/li>\n<li><strong>Hon&#8217;ble Judge:<\/strong> Ms. Justice Mini Pushkarna<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"disclaimer\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Disclaimer\"><\/span>Disclaimer<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>The information shared here is intended to serve the public interest by offering insights and perspectives. However, readers are advised to exercise their own discretion when interpreting and applying this information. The content herein is subjective and may contain errors in perception, interpretation, and presentation.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"author\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Written_By\"><\/span>Written By<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong>Advocate Ajay Amitabh Suman<\/strong>, IP Adjutor [Patent and Trademark Attorney], High Court of Delhi<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Brief Head Note Interim injunction refused in IN\u2019645 despite admitted infringement; patent held highly vulnerable. The Court refused to grant an interim injunction, holding that the patent is highly vulnerable on multiple grounds: prior claiming by FMC\u2019s own earlier patent IN 269104, lack of novelty and inventive step over cited prior art. Relying on the<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":56,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"two_page_speed":[],"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[21],"tags":[110,28],"class_list":{"0":"post-11942","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","6":"category-intellectual-property","7":"tag-patent-law","8":"tag-top-news"},"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11942","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/56"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11942"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11942\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11942"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11942"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11942"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}