{"id":13829,"date":"2026-01-01T05:55:00","date_gmt":"2026-01-01T05:55:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/?p=13829"},"modified":"2026-01-01T06:03:50","modified_gmt":"2026-01-01T06:03:50","slug":"digital-evidence-and-its-legal-power-lessons-from-vijay-pal-yadav-v-s-mamta-singh","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/digital-evidence-and-its-legal-power-lessons-from-vijay-pal-yadav-v-s-mamta-singh\/","title":{"rendered":"Digital Evidence and Its Legal Power: Lessons from Vijay Pal Yadav v\/s Mamta Singh"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>SLP (C) No. 20330\/2023 | Supreme Court of India | Judgment dated 26 March 2025<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>In today&#8217;s digital era, electronic records\u2014especially timestamped communications\u2014have become decisive tools in upholding justice and exposing misconduct. The Supreme Court&#8217;s decision in <em>Vijay Pal Yadav v. Mamta Singh &amp; Ors.<\/em> powerfully illustrates how a single authenticated email can dismantle fabricated official narratives and reveal violations of fundamental rights.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Case Background<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The petitioner alleged high-handedness (&#8220;dadagiri&#8221;) by Haryana Police in a neighbour dispute investigation. He claimed illegal detention, physical abuse, and breach of arrest safeguards under Article 21 and 22 of the Constitution, as well as guidelines from <em>Arnesh Kumar v. State of Bihar<\/em> (2014).<\/p>\n<p>The police claimed a lawful process: FIR registration at 12:30 PM followed by arrest. This account was contradicted by irrefutable digital evidence.<\/p>\n<p><strong>The Decisive Digital Evidence<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The petitioner&#8217;s brother sent an email to the Superintendent of Police at 11:24 AM reporting that the petitioner had already been taken into custody. This timestamped communication\u2014immutable and independently verifiable\u2014established pre-FIR illegal detention, proving the police had taken the petitioner into custody hours earlier without following due procedure.<\/p>\n<p>The Court accepted this email as strong corroborative evidence, highlighting how digital footprints can expose attempts to backdate or manipulate records.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Key Judicial Observations<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>A bench comprising Justices Ahsanuddin Amanullah and Prashant Kumar Mishra strongly condemned the police actions as &#8220;dadagiri&#8221; (high-handedness\/goondaism) and emphasized that even accused persons retain dignity and constitutional protections under Article 21.<\/p>\n<p>The Court criticized mechanical remand practices by magistrates, noting their failure to apply judicial mind and ensure compliance with arrest safeguards.<\/p>\n<p>In its final order, the Supreme Court:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Reiterated principles from <em>K. Basu and Somnath<\/em> cases.<\/li>\n<li>Directed the Registry to circulate the judgment (along with <em>Somnath v. State of Maharashtra<\/em>) to all Directors General of Police across States\/Union Territories, including the Delhi Police Commissioner.<\/li>\n<li>Expressed confidence that the Haryana DGP\u2014present in Court\u2014would ensure zero tolerance for such transgressions.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Broader Legal Implications<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong> Evidentiary Strength of Electronic Records<\/strong> \u2014 Under the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 (effective 1 July 2024), electronic records (including emails) are admissible as documents under Section 63 when conditions of authenticity are met (e.g., via certificate under Section 63(4)). This case demonstrates their practical power to override or challenge official records, particularly when exposing fabrication or illegality.<\/li>\n<li><strong> Enhanced Police Accountability<\/strong> \u2014 Immutable digital trails make it far harder for authorities to manipulate timelines or conceal unlawful custody.<\/li>\n<li><strong> Judicial Vigilance<\/strong> \u2014 Magistrates must rigorously scrutinize arrest procedures during remand to prevent abuse and uphold constitutional safeguards against arbitrary detention.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Conclusion<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>Vijay Pal Yadav v. Mamta Singh<\/em> is a compelling reminder that, in the digital age, truth often lies in electronic trails rather than paper records alone. For citizens, it underscores the value of promptly documenting incidents via timestamped digital means (emails, messages, or apps). For law enforcement and judiciary, it signals the need for strict adherence to safeguards in an era where technology can instantly expose misconduct.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Key Takeaway<\/strong>: A simple, authenticated email can shatter a false narrative, restore constitutional protections, and reinforce public faith in the rule of law.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>SLP (C) No. 20330\/2023 | Supreme Court of India | Judgment dated 26 March 2025 In today&#8217;s digital era, electronic records\u2014especially timestamped communications\u2014have become decisive tools in upholding justice and exposing misconduct. The Supreme Court&#8217;s decision in Vijay Pal Yadav v. Mamta Singh &amp; Ors. powerfully illustrates how a single authenticated email can dismantle fabricated<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":49,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"two_page_speed":[],"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[15],"tags":[28],"class_list":["post-13829","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","category-criminal-law","tag-top-news"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.7 (Yoast SEO v27.8) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Digital Evidence and Its Legal Power: Lessons from Vijay Pal Yadav v\/s Mamta Singh - Legal Service India - Articles<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Supreme Court condemns police dadagiri, upholds Article 21, stresses electronic evidence, arrest safeguards, and judicial accountability.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/digital-evidence-and-its-legal-power-lessons-from-vijay-pal-yadav-v-s-mamta-singh\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Digital Evidence and Its Legal Power: Lessons from Vijay Pal Yadav v\/s Mamta Singh\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Supreme Court condemns police dadagiri, upholds Article 21, stresses electronic evidence, arrest safeguards, and judicial accountability.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/digital-evidence-and-its-legal-power-lessons-from-vijay-pal-yadav-v-s-mamta-singh\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Legal Service India - Articles\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/legalservicesind\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2026-01-01T05:55:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-01-01T06:03:50+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/DIGITAL-EVIDENCE-AND-ITS-LEGAL-POWER.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1536\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1024\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Md. Imran Wahab\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@legalserviceind\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@legalserviceind\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Md. Imran Wahab\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalserviceindia.com\\\/Legal-Articles\\\/digital-evidence-and-its-legal-power-lessons-from-vijay-pal-yadav-v-s-mamta-singh\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalserviceindia.com\\\/Legal-Articles\\\/digital-evidence-and-its-legal-power-lessons-from-vijay-pal-yadav-v-s-mamta-singh\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Md. Imran Wahab\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalserviceindia.com\\\/Legal-Articles\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/23f17916b2032842e5ccd9cb51dfc156\"},\"headline\":\"Digital Evidence and Its Legal Power: Lessons from Vijay Pal Yadav v\\\/s Mamta Singh\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-01-01T05:55:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-01-01T06:03:50+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalserviceindia.com\\\/Legal-Articles\\\/digital-evidence-and-its-legal-power-lessons-from-vijay-pal-yadav-v-s-mamta-singh\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":517,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalserviceindia.com\\\/Legal-Articles\\\/#organization\"},\"keywords\":[\"Top News\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Criminal Law\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalserviceindia.com\\\/Legal-Articles\\\/digital-evidence-and-its-legal-power-lessons-from-vijay-pal-yadav-v-s-mamta-singh\\\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalserviceindia.com\\\/Legal-Articles\\\/digital-evidence-and-its-legal-power-lessons-from-vijay-pal-yadav-v-s-mamta-singh\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalserviceindia.com\\\/Legal-Articles\\\/digital-evidence-and-its-legal-power-lessons-from-vijay-pal-yadav-v-s-mamta-singh\\\/\",\"name\":\"Digital Evidence and Its Legal Power: Lessons from Vijay Pal Yadav v\\\/s Mamta Singh - Legal Service India - Articles\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalserviceindia.com\\\/Legal-Articles\\\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2026-01-01T05:55:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-01-01T06:03:50+00:00\",\"description\":\"Supreme Court condemns police dadagiri, upholds Article 21, stresses electronic evidence, arrest safeguards, and judicial accountability.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalserviceindia.com\\\/Legal-Articles\\\/digital-evidence-and-its-legal-power-lessons-from-vijay-pal-yadav-v-s-mamta-singh\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalserviceindia.com\\\/Legal-Articles\\\/digital-evidence-and-its-legal-power-lessons-from-vijay-pal-yadav-v-s-mamta-singh\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalserviceindia.com\\\/Legal-Articles\\\/digital-evidence-and-its-legal-power-lessons-from-vijay-pal-yadav-v-s-mamta-singh\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalserviceindia.com\\\/Legal-Articles\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Criminal Law > Digital Evidence and Its Legal Power: Lessons from Vijay Pal Yadav v\\\/s Mamta Singh\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalserviceindia.com\\\/Legal-Articles\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalserviceindia.com\\\/Legal-Articles\\\/\",\"name\":\"Legal Service India - Law Articles\",\"description\":\"Legal Service India - Law Article Directory is the oldest in India since 2000, with thousands of article written by lawyers, law Students and Scholars on all branches of law\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalserviceindia.com\\\/Legal-Articles\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalserviceindia.com\\\/Legal-Articles\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalserviceindia.com\\\/Legal-Articles\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Legal Service India\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalserviceindia.com\\\/Legal-Articles\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalserviceindia.com\\\/Legal-Articles\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalserviceindia.com\\\/Legal-Articles\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/06\\\/logo-circle-1.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalserviceindia.com\\\/Legal-Articles\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/06\\\/logo-circle-1.png\",\"width\":105,\"height\":95,\"caption\":\"Legal Service India\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalserviceindia.com\\\/Legal-Articles\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.facebook.com\\\/legalservicesind\",\"https:\\\/\\\/x.com\\\/legalserviceind\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.youtube.com\\\/@LegalServiceIndia-lsi\"]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalserviceindia.com\\\/Legal-Articles\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/23f17916b2032842e5ccd9cb51dfc156\",\"name\":\"Md. Imran Wahab\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalserviceindia.com\\\/Legal-Articles\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/avatars\\\/49\\\/1777837060-bpfull.jpg\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalserviceindia.com\\\/Legal-Articles\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/avatars\\\/49\\\/1777837060-bpfull.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalserviceindia.com\\\/Legal-Articles\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/avatars\\\/49\\\/1777837060-bpfull.jpg\",\"caption\":\"Md. Imran Wahab\"},\"description\":\"Md. Imran Wahab, a distinguished 2004-batch Indian Police Service officer, has dedicated over 32 years to public service, holding various senior managerial positions within the West Bengal Police force. His career has spanned diverse roles across different districts, including Kolkata Police, serving as DCP, 5th Battalion, Kolkata Armed Police and DCP (Port Division), for approximately 4 years. He served in Barrackpore Police Commissionerate, holding the positions of DCP (Special Branch) and DCP (Traffic) for over 4 years. He was posted in the districts of Dakshin Dinajpur and Nadia as Additional SP. At the sub-divisional level, he has worked as SDPOs of Gangarampur, Raghunathpur and Kalna sub-divisions of West Bengal. His tenure as Special IG and subsequently as IGP of Correctional Services, West Bengal, for over 4 years, saw him deeply engaged in improving the prison and correctional system. He visited numerous correctional homes across West Bengal, interacting with inmates, both male and female, including children residing with their incarcerated mothers. His outreach extended to correctional homes in Assam, Bihar, and Tripura. This hands-on approach provided him with invaluable insights into the workings of prisons and the complexities of the prisoner psyche. Beyond his operational roles, Md. Imran Wahab possesses a strong academic background, holding B.Sc., M.A., L.L.B., and M.B.A. degrees. He has also completed Post Graduate Diplomas in Human Rights, Project Management, Corporate Management, Computer Application, Public Administration, Medical Law, Disaster Management, Fire Safety &amp; Hazards Management and Psychology. He has attended Indian government sponsored specialized training in police and management matters in SVPNPA, Hyderabad, IIM, Ahmedabad and Singapore. He is the author of the books 'Police Investigation &amp; Allied Matters' and 'Alternative Dispute Resolution: Evolving Trends and Innovations' demonstrating his commitment to knowledge sharing within the law enforcement field. As an observer for the Election Commission of India, he has gained firsthand experience in conducting assembly elections and bye-elections in Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Assam, Bihar, and Tripura (twice). This exposure has given him a deep understanding of election management and the Election Commission's operations. He has also served as Chairman and as a member of various recruitment boards for the selection of police personnel in Kolkata Police and West Bengal Police. Md. Imran Wahab's interests extend beyond law enforcement to include law, politics, international affairs, prison management, and business management. He has authored over 1000 articles on these diverse topics, reflecting his intellectual curiosity and desire to contribute to public discourse. He is also a research scholar in law and has contributed articles to the Indian Police Journal, National Crime Record Bureau Journal, SVP National Police Academy Journal, and International Journal for Multidisciplinary Research etc. Currently, he serves as IGP, Provisioning, West Bengal.\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalserviceindia.com\\\/Legal-Articles\\\/author\\\/md-imranwahab\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Digital Evidence and Its Legal Power: Lessons from Vijay Pal Yadav v\/s Mamta Singh - Legal Service India - Articles","description":"Supreme Court condemns police dadagiri, upholds Article 21, stresses electronic evidence, arrest safeguards, and judicial accountability.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/digital-evidence-and-its-legal-power-lessons-from-vijay-pal-yadav-v-s-mamta-singh\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Digital Evidence and Its Legal Power: Lessons from Vijay Pal Yadav v\/s Mamta Singh","og_description":"Supreme Court condemns police dadagiri, upholds Article 21, stresses electronic evidence, arrest safeguards, and judicial accountability.","og_url":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/digital-evidence-and-its-legal-power-lessons-from-vijay-pal-yadav-v-s-mamta-singh\/","og_site_name":"Legal Service India - Articles","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/legalservicesind","article_published_time":"2026-01-01T05:55:00+00:00","article_modified_time":"2026-01-01T06:03:50+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1536,"height":1024,"url":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/DIGITAL-EVIDENCE-AND-ITS-LEGAL-POWER.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Md. Imran Wahab","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_creator":"@legalserviceind","twitter_site":"@legalserviceind","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Md. Imran Wahab","Est. reading time":"3 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/digital-evidence-and-its-legal-power-lessons-from-vijay-pal-yadav-v-s-mamta-singh\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/digital-evidence-and-its-legal-power-lessons-from-vijay-pal-yadav-v-s-mamta-singh\/"},"author":{"name":"Md. Imran Wahab","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/#\/schema\/person\/23f17916b2032842e5ccd9cb51dfc156"},"headline":"Digital Evidence and Its Legal Power: Lessons from Vijay Pal Yadav v\/s Mamta Singh","datePublished":"2026-01-01T05:55:00+00:00","dateModified":"2026-01-01T06:03:50+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/digital-evidence-and-its-legal-power-lessons-from-vijay-pal-yadav-v-s-mamta-singh\/"},"wordCount":517,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/#organization"},"keywords":["Top News"],"articleSection":["Criminal Law"],"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/digital-evidence-and-its-legal-power-lessons-from-vijay-pal-yadav-v-s-mamta-singh\/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/digital-evidence-and-its-legal-power-lessons-from-vijay-pal-yadav-v-s-mamta-singh\/","url":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/digital-evidence-and-its-legal-power-lessons-from-vijay-pal-yadav-v-s-mamta-singh\/","name":"Digital Evidence and Its Legal Power: Lessons from Vijay Pal Yadav v\/s Mamta Singh - Legal Service India - Articles","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/#website"},"datePublished":"2026-01-01T05:55:00+00:00","dateModified":"2026-01-01T06:03:50+00:00","description":"Supreme Court condemns police dadagiri, upholds Article 21, stresses electronic evidence, arrest safeguards, and judicial accountability.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/digital-evidence-and-its-legal-power-lessons-from-vijay-pal-yadav-v-s-mamta-singh\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/digital-evidence-and-its-legal-power-lessons-from-vijay-pal-yadav-v-s-mamta-singh\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/digital-evidence-and-its-legal-power-lessons-from-vijay-pal-yadav-v-s-mamta-singh\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Criminal Law > Digital Evidence and Its Legal Power: Lessons from Vijay Pal Yadav v\/s Mamta Singh"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/","name":"Legal Service India - Law Articles","description":"Legal Service India - Law Article Directory is the oldest in India since 2000, with thousands of article written by lawyers, law Students and Scholars on all branches of law","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/#organization","name":"Legal Service India","url":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/logo-circle-1.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/logo-circle-1.png","width":105,"height":95,"caption":"Legal Service India"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/legalservicesind","https:\/\/x.com\/legalserviceind","https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/@LegalServiceIndia-lsi"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/#\/schema\/person\/23f17916b2032842e5ccd9cb51dfc156","name":"Md. Imran Wahab","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/avatars\/49\/1777837060-bpfull.jpg","url":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/avatars\/49\/1777837060-bpfull.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/avatars\/49\/1777837060-bpfull.jpg","caption":"Md. Imran Wahab"},"description":"Md. Imran Wahab, a distinguished 2004-batch Indian Police Service officer, has dedicated over 32 years to public service, holding various senior managerial positions within the West Bengal Police force. His career has spanned diverse roles across different districts, including Kolkata Police, serving as DCP, 5th Battalion, Kolkata Armed Police and DCP (Port Division), for approximately 4 years. He served in Barrackpore Police Commissionerate, holding the positions of DCP (Special Branch) and DCP (Traffic) for over 4 years. He was posted in the districts of Dakshin Dinajpur and Nadia as Additional SP. At the sub-divisional level, he has worked as SDPOs of Gangarampur, Raghunathpur and Kalna sub-divisions of West Bengal. His tenure as Special IG and subsequently as IGP of Correctional Services, West Bengal, for over 4 years, saw him deeply engaged in improving the prison and correctional system. He visited numerous correctional homes across West Bengal, interacting with inmates, both male and female, including children residing with their incarcerated mothers. His outreach extended to correctional homes in Assam, Bihar, and Tripura. This hands-on approach provided him with invaluable insights into the workings of prisons and the complexities of the prisoner psyche. Beyond his operational roles, Md. Imran Wahab possesses a strong academic background, holding B.Sc., M.A., L.L.B., and M.B.A. degrees. He has also completed Post Graduate Diplomas in Human Rights, Project Management, Corporate Management, Computer Application, Public Administration, Medical Law, Disaster Management, Fire Safety &amp; Hazards Management and Psychology. He has attended Indian government sponsored specialized training in police and management matters in SVPNPA, Hyderabad, IIM, Ahmedabad and Singapore. He is the author of the books 'Police Investigation &amp; Allied Matters' and 'Alternative Dispute Resolution: Evolving Trends and Innovations' demonstrating his commitment to knowledge sharing within the law enforcement field. As an observer for the Election Commission of India, he has gained firsthand experience in conducting assembly elections and bye-elections in Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Assam, Bihar, and Tripura (twice). This exposure has given him a deep understanding of election management and the Election Commission's operations. He has also served as Chairman and as a member of various recruitment boards for the selection of police personnel in Kolkata Police and West Bengal Police. Md. Imran Wahab's interests extend beyond law enforcement to include law, politics, international affairs, prison management, and business management. He has authored over 1000 articles on these diverse topics, reflecting his intellectual curiosity and desire to contribute to public discourse. He is also a research scholar in law and has contributed articles to the Indian Police Journal, National Crime Record Bureau Journal, SVP National Police Academy Journal, and International Journal for Multidisciplinary Research etc. Currently, he serves as IGP, Provisioning, West Bengal.","url":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/author\/md-imranwahab\/"}]}},"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13829","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/49"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13829"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13829\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13829"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13829"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13829"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}