{"id":29518,"date":"2026-08-11T06:45:18","date_gmt":"2026-08-11T06:45:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/?p=29518"},"modified":"2026-08-11T06:51:39","modified_gmt":"2026-08-11T06:51:39","slug":"case-diary-under-section-192-bnss","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/case-diary-under-section-192-bnss\/","title":{"rendered":"The Case Diary under Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023: Law, Procedure, and Judicial Scrutiny"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 id=\"h-introduction\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Introduction\"><\/span>Introduction<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The <strong>Case Diary under Section 192 of the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita (BNSS), 2023<\/strong> is a vital document of criminal investigation. It records every step of the investigation, from the registration of the FIR to the final report, with transparency and accountability.<\/p><div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_86 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #0c0c0c;color:#0c0c0c\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #0c0c0c;color:#0c0c0c\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/case-diary-under-section-192-bnss\/#Introduction\" >Introduction<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/case-diary-under-section-192-bnss\/#Statutory_Provision\" >Statutory Provision<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/case-diary-under-section-192-bnss\/#Meaning_of_a_Case_Diary\" >Meaning of a Case Diary<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/case-diary-under-section-192-bnss\/#Other_Names_for_a_Case_Diary\" >Other Names for a Case Diary<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/case-diary-under-section-192-bnss\/#Objectives_of_Maintaining_a_Case_Diary\" >Objectives of Maintaining a Case Diary<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/case-diary-under-section-192-bnss\/#1_Chronological_Record\" >1. Chronological Record<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/case-diary-under-section-192-bnss\/#2_Accountability\" >2. Accountability<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/case-diary-under-section-192-bnss\/#3_Transparency\" >3. Transparency<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/case-diary-under-section-192-bnss\/#4_Judicial_Assistance\" >4. Judicial Assistance<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/case-diary-under-section-192-bnss\/#5_Supervisory_Control\" >5. Supervisory Control<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/case-diary-under-section-192-bnss\/#6_Prosecutorial_Assistance\" >6. Prosecutorial Assistance<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/case-diary-under-section-192-bnss\/#7_Institutional_Memory\" >7. Institutional Memory<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/case-diary-under-section-192-bnss\/#Statutory_Requirements_Under_Section_192_BNSS\" >Statutory Requirements Under Section 192 BNSS<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/case-diary-under-section-192-bnss\/#Daily_Maintenance_of_the_Case_Diary\" >Daily Maintenance of the Case Diary<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/case-diary-under-section-192-bnss\/#6_Essential_Contents_of_a_Case_Diary\" >6. Essential Contents of a Case Diary<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/case-diary-under-section-192-bnss\/#Part_I_%E2%80%93_Basic_Particulars\" >Part I \u2013 Basic Particulars<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/case-diary-under-section-192-bnss\/#Part_II_%E2%80%93_Time_Details\" >Part II \u2013 Time Details<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/case-diary-under-section-192-bnss\/#Part_III_%E2%80%93_Movement_Details\" >Part III \u2013 Movement Details<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/case-diary-under-section-192-bnss\/#Part_IV_%E2%80%93_Scene_Examination\" >Part IV \u2013 Scene Examination<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-20\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/case-diary-under-section-192-bnss\/#Part_V_%E2%80%93_Witness_Examination\" >Part V \u2013 Witness Examination<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-21\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/case-diary-under-section-192-bnss\/#Part_VI_%E2%80%93_Search\" >Part VI \u2013 Search<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-22\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/case-diary-under-section-192-bnss\/#Part_VII_%E2%80%93_Seizure\" >Part VII \u2013 Seizure<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-23\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/case-diary-under-section-192-bnss\/#Part_VIII_%E2%80%93_Arrest\" >Part VIII \u2013 Arrest<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-24\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/case-diary-under-section-192-bnss\/#Part_IX_%E2%80%93_Custodial_Proceedings\" >Part IX \u2013 Custodial Proceedings<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-25\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/case-diary-under-section-192-bnss\/#Part_X_%E2%80%93_Scientific_Investigation\" >Part X \u2013 Scientific Investigation<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-26\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/case-diary-under-section-192-bnss\/#Part_XI_%E2%80%93_Electronic_Evidence\" >Part XI \u2013 Electronic Evidence<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-27\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/case-diary-under-section-192-bnss\/#Part_XII_%E2%80%93_Expert_Opinion\" >Part XII \u2013 Expert Opinion<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-28\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/case-diary-under-section-192-bnss\/#Part_XIII_%E2%80%93_Court_Proceedings\" >Part XIII \u2013 Court Proceedings<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-29\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/case-diary-under-section-192-bnss\/#Part_XIV_%E2%80%93_Supervisory_Directions\" >Part XIV \u2013 Supervisory Directions<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-30\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/case-diary-under-section-192-bnss\/#Part_XV_%E2%80%93_Future_Investigation\" >Part XV \u2013 Future Investigation<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-31\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/case-diary-under-section-192-bnss\/#7_Digital_Case_Diary_Under_BNSS\" >7. Digital Case Diary Under BNSS<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-32\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/case-diary-under-section-192-bnss\/#8_Legal_Nature_of_the_Case_Diary\" >8. Legal Nature of the Case Diary<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-33\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/case-diary-under-section-192-bnss\/#9_Use_of_Case_Diary_by_the_Court\" >9. Use of Case Diary by the Court<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-34\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/case-diary-under-section-192-bnss\/#10_Rights_of_the_Accused\" >10. Rights of the Accused<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-35\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/case-diary-under-section-192-bnss\/#11_Difference_Between_Case_Diary_and_Case_File\" >11. Difference Between Case Diary and Case File<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-36\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/case-diary-under-section-192-bnss\/#12_Key_Distinction_on_Court_Use\" >12. Key Distinction on Court Use<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-37\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/case-diary-under-section-192-bnss\/#Comparison_Case_Diary_vs_General_Diary\" >Comparison: Case Diary vs. General Diary<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-38\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/case-diary-under-section-192-bnss\/#13_The_Structural_Link\" >13. The Structural Link<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-39\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/case-diary-under-section-192-bnss\/#Duties_of_the_Investigating_Officer\" >Duties of the Investigating Officer<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-40\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/case-diary-under-section-192-bnss\/#14_Common_Mistakes_In_Maintaining_Case_Diaries\" >14. Common Mistakes In Maintaining Case Diaries<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-41\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/case-diary-under-section-192-bnss\/#15_Evidentiary_Value\" >15. Evidentiary Value<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-42\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/case-diary-under-section-192-bnss\/#16_Best_Practices\" >16. Best Practices<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-43\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/case-diary-under-section-192-bnss\/#17_Importance_Of_The_Case_Diary\" >17. Importance Of The Case Diary<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-44\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/case-diary-under-section-192-bnss\/#Case_Laws\" >Case Laws<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-45\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/case-diary-under-section-192-bnss\/#Conclusion\" >Conclusion<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Though the case diary is not substantive evidence, it assists courts, supervising officers, and prosecutors in assessing the progress of an investigation. It also protects the investigating officer against allegations of bias, negligence, or arbitrary investigation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Case Diary has been retained from the <strong>Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (CrPC)<\/strong> and strengthened under the <strong>BNSS 2023<\/strong>. Its modern framework places greater emphasis on digitisation, scientific investigation, and accountability. It therefore remains indispensable to modern policing and effective justice delivery.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"h-statutory-provision\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Statutory_Provision\"><\/span>Statutory Provision<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The maintenance of a case diary is governed by:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Section 192 of the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023<\/strong>, corresponding to <strong>Section 172 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This provision mandates every police officer making an investigation to maintain a diary recording the progress of the investigation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Particular<\/th><th>Provision<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Current Law<\/td><td>Section 192, Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Earlier Provision<\/td><td>Section 172, Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Subject<\/td><td>Maintenance of Case Diary<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Purpose<\/td><td>Recording the progress of criminal investigation<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"h-meaning-of-a-case-diary\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Meaning_of_a_Case_Diary\"><\/span>Meaning of a Case Diary<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A <strong>case diary<\/strong> is a daily written or electronic record maintained by the investigating officer. It details every important event occurring during the investigation of a criminal case.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Case Diary records important investigative activities, including:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Every investigative step<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Collection of evidence<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Examination of witnesses<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Searches conducted<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Seizures made<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Arrests effected<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Scientific examinations<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Expert opinions obtained<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Court proceedings attended<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Future course of investigation<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Any impediment faced leading to non-observance of any statutory direction<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-other-names-for-a-case-diary\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Other_Names_for_a_Case_Diary\"><\/span>Other Names for a Case Diary<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The case diary is often referred to as:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Investigation Diary<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Case Diary (CD)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Police Diary<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Daily Investigation Diary<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"h-objectives-of-maintaining-a-case-diary\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Objectives_of_Maintaining_a_Case_Diary\"><\/span>Objectives of Maintaining a Case Diary<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The principal objectives of maintaining a case diary are to ensure that the investigation remains systematic, accountable, transparent, and capable of effective judicial and supervisory review.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-1-chronological-record\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Chronological_Record\"><\/span>1. Chronological Record<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">It records the investigation in chronological order.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-2-accountability\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Accountability\"><\/span>2. Accountability<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Every action of the investigating officer becomes accountable.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-3-transparency\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Transparency\"><\/span>3. Transparency<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">It prevents arbitrary or manipulated investigations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-4-judicial-assistance\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_Judicial_Assistance\"><\/span>4. Judicial Assistance<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The court can understand how the investigation progressed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-5-supervisory-control\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5_Supervisory_Control\"><\/span>5. Supervisory Control<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Senior officers review the quality of investigation through the diary.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-6-prosecutorial-assistance\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"6_Prosecutorial_Assistance\"><\/span>6. Prosecutorial Assistance<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Public prosecutors use the diary to understand the case before trial.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-7-institutional-memory\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"7_Institutional_Memory\"><\/span>7. Institutional Memory<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">If the investigating officer is transferred, the successor officer can continue the investigation without interruption.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Objective<\/th><th>Purpose<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Chronological Record<\/td><td>Records the investigation in chronological order<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Accountability<\/td><td>Makes investigative actions accountable<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Transparency<\/td><td>Helps prevent arbitrary or manipulated investigations<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Judicial Assistance<\/td><td>Helps the court understand the progress of investigation<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Supervisory Control<\/td><td>Enables senior officers to review investigation<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Prosecutorial Assistance<\/td><td>Helps public prosecutors understand the case<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Institutional Memory<\/td><td>Allows a successor Investigating Officer to continue the investigation<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"h-statutory-requirements-under-section-192-bnss\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Statutory_Requirements_Under_Section_192_BNSS\"><\/span>Statutory Requirements Under Section 192 BNSS<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Under <strong>Section 192 of the BNSS<\/strong>, the Investigating Officer shall enter important details concerning the investigation in the Case Diary.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Investigating Officer shall enter in the diary:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Time at which information reached him.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Time at which investigation commenced.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Time at which investigation closed for the day.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Places visited.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Persons examined.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Circumstances ascertained.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Investigative actions taken.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Progress achieved.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Further action proposed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-daily-maintenance-of-the-case-diary\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Daily_Maintenance_of_the_Case_Diary\"><\/span>Daily Maintenance of the Case Diary<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The diary should be maintained daily. Regular and contemporaneous recording helps ensure that the investigation is properly documented and that the sequence of investigative events can be examined when required.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Information to Be Recorded<\/th><th>Importance<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Time information was received.<\/td><td>Establishes the beginning of the investigative process<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Time investigation commenced.<\/td><td>Records when investigative action began<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Time investigation closed for the day.<\/td><td>Maintains a daily investigative record<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Places visited<\/td><td>Documents the movement and field investigation<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Persons examined<\/td><td>Records witness and other examinations<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Circumstances ascertained<\/td><td>Documents facts discovered during investigation<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Investigative actions taken<\/td><td>Creates a record of steps undertaken by the Investigating Officer<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Progress achieved<\/td><td>Shows the development of the investigation<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Further action proposed<\/td><td>Records the proposed future course of investigation<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-6-essential-contents-of-a-case-diary\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"6_Essential_Contents_of_a_Case_Diary\"><\/span>6. Essential Contents of a Case Diary<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A properly maintained case diary should include:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 id=\"h-part-i-basic-particulars\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Part_I_%E2%80%93_Basic_Particulars\"><\/span>Part I \u2013 Basic Particulars<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Police Station<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>District<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>FIR Number<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>GD Entry Number<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Date<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Sections of law<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Name of Investigating Officer<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Date of diary<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 id=\"h-part-ii-time-details\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Part_II_%E2%80%93_Time_Details\"><\/span>Part II \u2013 Time Details<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Time information received<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Time investigation commenced<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Time investigation suspended<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Time investigation concluded<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 id=\"h-part-iii-movement-details\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Part_III_%E2%80%93_Movement_Details\"><\/span>Part III \u2013 Movement Details<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Places visited, such as:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Crime scene<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Hospital<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Mortuary<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Court<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Forensic laboratory<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Residence of accused<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Residence of witnesses<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Government offices<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 id=\"h-part-iv-scene-examination\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Part_IV_%E2%80%93_Scene_Examination\"><\/span>Part IV \u2013 Scene Examination<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Description of:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Condition of scene<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Physical evidence<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Blood stains<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Footprints<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Fingerprints<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Biological evidence<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Weapons<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Broken articles<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Vehicles<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>CCTV cameras<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 id=\"h-part-v-witness-examination\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Part_V_%E2%80%93_Witness_Examination\"><\/span>Part V \u2013 Witness Examination<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Details of witnesses examined:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Name<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Address<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Date<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Time<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Important facts disclosed<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The case diary should <strong>not reproduce the entire witness statement<\/strong> but should briefly mention the substance of the examination.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 id=\"h-part-vi-search\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Part_VI_%E2%80%93_Search\"><\/span>Part VI \u2013 Search<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Details regarding:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Search warrants<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Searches without warrant<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Houses searched<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Persons searched<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Articles recovered<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 id=\"h-part-vii-seizure\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Part_VII_%E2%80%93_Seizure\"><\/span>Part VII \u2013 Seizure<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Details of:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Property seized<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Articles recovered<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Place of seizure<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Witnesses present<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Seizure list prepared<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 id=\"h-part-viii-arrest\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Part_VIII_%E2%80%93_Arrest\"><\/span>Part VIII \u2013 Arrest<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">If arrest is made:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Date<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Time<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Place<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Grounds of arrest<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Compliance with legal safeguards<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Medical examination<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Arrest memo<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Inspection memo<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 id=\"h-part-ix-custodial-proceedings\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Part_IX_%E2%80%93_Custodial_Proceedings\"><\/span>Part IX \u2013 Custodial Proceedings<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Including:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Police custody<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Judicial custody<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Medical examination<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Production before Magistrate<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 id=\"h-part-x-scientific-investigation\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Part_X_%E2%80%93_Scientific_Investigation\"><\/span>Part X \u2013 Scientific Investigation<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Record of:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Fingerprint examination<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>DNA profiling<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ballistic examination<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Toxicology<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Cyber forensic examination<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Voice analysis<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Handwriting examination<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Mobile phone extraction<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>CCTV analysis<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 id=\"h-part-xi-electronic-evidence\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Part_XI_%E2%80%93_Electronic_Evidence\"><\/span>Part XI \u2013 Electronic Evidence<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Modern investigations require recording:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>CCTV footage collected<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Mobile data<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>GPS records<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Emails<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Social media evidence<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Digital photographs<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Drone footage<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Cloud storage evidence<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 id=\"h-part-xii-expert-opinion\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Part_XII_%E2%80%93_Expert_Opinion\"><\/span>Part XII \u2013 Expert Opinion<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Details of:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Medical Officer<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Forensic experts<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ballistic experts<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Cyber experts<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Chemical Examiner<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Handwriting experts<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 id=\"h-part-xiii-court-proceedings\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Part_XIII_%E2%80%93_Court_Proceedings\"><\/span>Part XIII \u2013 Court Proceedings<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Mention:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Production before Magistrate<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Remand application<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Search warrant obtained<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Test Identification Parade<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Recording of statements<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Orders passed<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 id=\"h-part-xiv-supervisory-directions\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Part_XIV_%E2%80%93_Supervisory_Directions\"><\/span>Part XIV \u2013 Supervisory Directions<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Directions issued by:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Officer-in-Charge<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Circle Inspector<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Sub-Divisional Police Officer<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Superintendent of Police and other superior officers, if any<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Special Investigation Team<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 id=\"h-part-xv-future-investigation\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Part_XV_%E2%80%93_Future_Investigation\"><\/span>Part XV \u2013 Future Investigation<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The diary should indicate:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Pending witnesses<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pending reports<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pending scientific examinations<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Future searches<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Proposed arrests<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-7-digital-case-diary-under-bnss\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"7_Digital_Case_Diary_Under_BNSS\"><\/span>7. Digital Case Diary Under BNSS<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The BNSS encourages greater use of technology in criminal investigations. Consequently, case diaries may increasingly be maintained through secure electronic systems, subject to applicable State Police Rules and government notifications.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Digital case diaries offer several advantages:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Real-time updating.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Time-stamped entries.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Secure storage.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Reduced risk of tampering.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Integration with crime and criminal tracking systems.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Easy supervisory review.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Faster access during prosecution.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Electronic records must maintain authenticity, integrity, and proper access controls to preserve evidentiary value and accountability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-8-legal-nature-of-the-case-diary\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"8_Legal_Nature_of_the_Case_Diary\"><\/span>8. Legal Nature of the Case Diary<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A case diary is <strong>not substantive evidence<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">It cannot replace:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Oral evidence<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Documentary evidence<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Material exhibits<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">It merely assists:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Investigation<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Court<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Prosecutor<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Supervisory officers<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-9-use-of-case-diary-by-the-court\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"9_Use_of_Case_Diary_by_the_Court\"><\/span>9. Use of Case Diary by the Court<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Under Section 192 BNSS:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The court may call for the case diary during inquiry or trial.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">However:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The diary itself is not evidence.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It cannot ordinarily be shown to the accused.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It cannot be used as independent proof of facts recorded therein.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-10-rights-of-the-accused\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"10_Rights_of_the_Accused\"><\/span>10. Rights of the Accused<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The accused has <strong>no general right<\/strong> to inspect or obtain copies of the case diary.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">However, if the Investigating Officer uses the diary:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>to refresh memory while giving evidence, or<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>if the court uses it to contradict the officer,<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Then the defence may inspect the relevant portions in accordance with the law governing evidence and criminal procedure.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This safeguards both the confidentiality of the investigation and the accused&#8217;s right to a fair trial.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-11-difference-between-case-diary-and-case-file\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"11_Difference_Between_Case_Diary_and_Case_File\"><\/span>11. Difference Between Case Diary and Case File<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Feature \/ Attribute<\/th><th>Case Diary<\/th><th>Case File<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>Primary Definition<\/strong><\/td><td>A daily, step-by-step log of the actions taken by the investigator during the course of an investigation.<\/td><td>A comprehensive compilation of all documents, evidence, and records pertaining to a specific criminal case.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Maintained By<\/strong><\/td><td>The designated Investigating Officer (IO) is handling the specific case.<\/td><td>The Police Station or Police Office (administrative repository).<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Structural Setup<\/strong><\/td><td>Chronological. Entries are strictly bound by the date, time, and specific location of each investigative action.<\/td><td>Subject-wise compilation. Documents are categorised systematically (e.g., medical reports, forensic data, witness lists).<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Statutory Backing<\/strong><\/td><td>Heavily mandated by statutory law (e.g., Section 172 of the CrPC \/ Section 192 of the BNSS).<\/td><td>Governed heavily by internal departmental rules, state police manuals, and administrative guidelines.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Confidentiality Level<\/strong><\/td><td>Strictly Confidential. The accused or their legal agents have no statutory right to see or call for it unless a specific legal exception triggers.<\/td><td>Partly Confidential. Many documents within it (like the FIR or Charge Sheet) must be handed over to the accused.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Courtroom Utility<\/strong><\/td><td>It is not substantive evidence. It is primarily utilised to assist the court in supervising the trial or helping the IO refresh their memory.<\/td><td>It houses the actual evidence, forms the basis of the prosecution&#8217;s case, and contains the files submitted for trial.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-12-key-distinction-on-court-use\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"12_Key_Distinction_on_Court_Use\"><\/span>12. Key Distinction on Court Use<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A judge can call for a <em>case diary<\/em> to understand the timeline or logic of an investigation but<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"> cannot use it as direct evidence to convict someone.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">On the flip side, the documents bundled inside a <em>case file<\/em> contain the actual statements and scientific tests that determine the outcome of a trial.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-comparison-case-diary-vs-general-diary\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Comparison_Case_Diary_vs_General_Diary\"><\/span>Comparison: Case Diary vs. General Diary<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Feature \/ Attribute<\/th><th>Case Diary<\/th><th>General Diary (GD) \/ Station Diary<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>Primary Scope<\/strong><\/td><td>Case-Specific: Tracks the day-to-day investigative steps taken for one particular criminal case (FIR).<\/td><td>Station-Wide: Tracks all administrative, operational, and law-and-order events at a police station over a 24-hour block.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Maintained By<\/strong><\/td><td>The specific Investigating Officer (IO) assigned to the case.<\/td><td>The Duty Officer \/ Officer-in-Charge (OC) of the police station.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Core Content<\/strong><\/td><td>Details of a single investigation: times\/places visited, statements of witnesses examined (Sec 180 BNSS), and facts unearthed.<\/td><td>Broad daily log: arrival\/departure of staff, details of arrests, firearms handling, public complaints, missing reports, etc.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Statutory Backing<\/strong><\/td><td>Governed primarily by Section 192 of the BNSS <em>(formerly Section 172 of the CrPC)<\/em>.<\/td><td>Governed by Section 44 of the Police Act, 1861, or relevant state police manual regulations.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Number of Diaries<\/strong><\/td><td>A police station will have multiple case diaries running simultaneously\u2014one for every active investigation.<\/td><td>A police station maintains exactly one general diary, which resets with a new sequence every 24 hours (often starting at 8:00 AM).<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Courtroom Sharing<\/strong><\/td><td>Strictly confidential. The accused has no statutory right to see it or use it during cross-examination unless specific legal exceptions trigger.<\/td><td>Partially Disclosable. While an internal record, relevant extracts (like non-cognisable reports or tracking details) can be provided to a complainant.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Evidentiary Value<\/strong><\/td><td>Not substantive evidence. It is strictly used as an &#8220;aid to the court&#8221; to check the line of investigation or help the IO refresh their memory.<\/td><td>Can be used as corroborative evidence in court to verify timelines, the exact time an arrest happened, or when an officer departed.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-13-the-structural-link\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"13_The_Structural_Link\"><\/span>13. The Structural Link<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Even though they are separate, they cross-reference each other. When an IO departs the police station to investigate a crime, a brief entry is logged in the <strong>General Diary<\/strong> noting their departure time. The deep details of what that officer actually discovers on the ground are written exclusively inside that specific case&#8217;s case diary.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-duties-of-the-investigating-officer\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Duties_of_the_Investigating_Officer\"><\/span>Duties of the Investigating Officer<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The IO should ensure that the case diary is:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Written daily.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Accurate.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Legible.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Objective.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Chronological.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Free from personal opinions.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Based on verified facts.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Signed and dated.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Securely preserved.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The IO should avoid retrospective writing or reconstruction of events, as such practices can undermine the credibility of the investigation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-14-common-mistakes-in-maintaining-case-diaries\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"14_Common_Mistakes_In_Maintaining_Case_Diaries\"><\/span>14. Common Mistakes In Maintaining Case Diaries<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Frequent deficiencies include:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Delayed writing.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Blank pages.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Missing dates and times.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Failure to mention places visited.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Contradictory entries.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Copying witness statements verbatim.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Recording personal opinions instead of facts.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Omitting unsuccessful investigative efforts.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Failure to note supervisory directions.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Unsigned entries.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Lack of continuity between diary entries.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Such shortcomings can weaken the prosecution case and adversely affect the credibility of the investigating officer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-15-evidentiary-value\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"15_Evidentiary_Value\"><\/span>15. Evidentiary Value<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The case diary has <strong>limited evidentiary value<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">It may be used:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>To aid the court in understanding the course of investigation.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>To refresh the memory of the Investigating Officer, where legally permissible.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>To test the consistency of the Investigating Officer&#8217;s testimony in accordance with the law of evidence.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">It cannot, by itself, establish the guilt or innocence of an accused person.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-16-best-practices\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"16_Best_Practices\"><\/span>16. Best Practices<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">An effective case diary should:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Be written immediately after each investigative activity.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Record facts accurately without embellishment.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Mention exact dates, times, and locations.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Clearly distinguish between observed facts and information received.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Document scientific and digital evidence comprehensively.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Record compliance with statutory safeguards, particularly in relation to arrests, searches, seizures, and custody.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Be reviewed periodically by supervisory officers.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Be preserved securely, whether in physical or electronic form.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-17-importance-of-the-case-diary\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"17_Importance_Of_The_Case_Diary\"><\/span>17. Importance Of The Case Diary<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A well-maintained case diary:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Demonstrates the fairness and diligence of the investigation.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Enables effective supervision.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Assists prosecutors in preparing the case.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Helps courts evaluate the investigative process.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Preserves continuity when investigating officers are transferred.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Protects investigators from allegations of misconduct.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Strengthens public confidence in the criminal justice system.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"h-case-laws\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Case_Laws\"><\/span>Case Laws<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The case diary is not substantive evidence and cannot form the sole basis of conviction or acquittal; it serves merely as a secondary aid to the Court for tracing the investigation, refreshing the Investigating Officer\u2019s memory, or resolving ambiguities in the evidence.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In <em>Balakram v. State of Uttarakhand<\/em>, the Supreme Court held that case diary entries lack evidentiary value as primary proof. This was reinforced in <em>Ravi Kant Sharma v. State<\/em>, where the Apex Court reiterated the confidential nature of the case diary and restricted its inspection or use only to situations where the IO refreshes memory during testimony or the Court uses it to contradict the IO\u2019s statements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">More recently, in <em>Devangana Kalita v. State<\/em> (Delhi Riots Case, 2026), the Supreme Court refused reconstruction of case diaries, emphasising their status as internal investigative tools rather than judicial evidence. Similarly, in line with long-standing jurisprudence, the Punjab &amp; Haryana High Court in <em>Rajesh Kumar v. State of Haryana (2026)<\/em> ruled that accused persons cannot seek access to case diaries through the RTI Act during ongoing trials, thereby upholding their confidential character under Section 192 BNSS.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Court emphasized that the case diary is an internal investigative record meant only to assist the Court in tracing the course of investigation or refreshing the Investigating Officer\u2019s memory, and cannot be treated as substantive evidence or disclosed to the accused except in limited statutory circumstances.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Collectively, these rulings ensure that despite enhanced procedural timelines under BNSS, the case diary remains an internal police record and cannot substitute independent corroborative evidence, thereby protecting fair trial rights under Article 21 of the Constitution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"h-conclusion\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Conclusion\"><\/span>Conclusion<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Although a Case Diary maintained under the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023 (BNSS) is not substantive evidence, it remains the cornerstone of a professional and legally sound investigation. It provides a contemporaneous and transparent record of every investigative step, facilitates effective judicial scrutiny, promotes accountability, and assists in ensuring fair prosecution and meaningful supervisory oversight. In the era of digital policing and electronic case management, every Investigating Officer must regard the Case Diary not as a routine administrative formality but as an indispensable instrument for upholding legality, transparency, accountability, and the principles of due process within the criminal justice system.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-yoast-seo-related-links yoast-seo-related-links\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/the-duty-officer-of-a-police-station\/\">The Duty Officer of a Police Station<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/the-duty-officer-pillar-of-a-police-stations-daily-operations\/\">The Duty Officer: Pillar of a Police Station&#8217;s Daily Operations<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/registers-maintained-at-a-police-station\/\">Registers Maintained at a Police Station<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/section-187-bnss-police-remand\/\">Police Remand under Section 187 BNSS: Procedure, Judicial Principles, and Practical Guidelines<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/reconstruction-lost-case-diary-under-bnss\/\">Reconstruction of Lost or Missing Case Diaries: Legal Framework, Procedure, and Judicial Approach<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Introduction The Case Diary under Section 192 of the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita (BNSS), 2023 is a vital document of criminal investigation. It records every step of the investigation, from the registration of the FIR to the final report, with transparency and accountability. Though the case diary is not substantive evidence, it assists courts, supervising<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":49,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"two_page_speed":[],"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[15],"tags":[4798],"class_list":["post-29518","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","category-criminal-law","tag-criminal-law"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.2 (Yoast SEO v28.2) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>The Case Diary under Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023: Law, Procedure, and Judicial Scrutiny - Legal Service India - Articles<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Case Diary under Section 192 BNSS: contents, legal nature, evidentiary value, accused\u2019s rights, digital records and key case laws explained.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/case-diary-under-section-192-bnss\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The Case Diary under Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023: Law, Procedure, and Judicial Scrutiny\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Case Diary under Section 192 BNSS: contents, legal nature, evidentiary value, accused\u2019s rights, digital records and key case laws explained.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/case-diary-under-section-192-bnss\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Legal Service India - Articles\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/legalservicesind\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2026-08-11T06:45:18+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-08-11T06:51:39+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Md. 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Imran Wahab\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalserviceindia.com\\\/Legal-Articles\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/avatars\\\/49\\\/1777837060-bpfull.jpg\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalserviceindia.com\\\/Legal-Articles\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/avatars\\\/49\\\/1777837060-bpfull.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalserviceindia.com\\\/Legal-Articles\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/avatars\\\/49\\\/1777837060-bpfull.jpg\",\"caption\":\"Md. Imran Wahab\"},\"description\":\"Md. Imran Wahab, a distinguished 2004-batch Indian Police Service officer, has dedicated over 32 years to public service, holding various senior managerial positions within the West Bengal Police force. His career has spanned diverse roles across different districts, including Kolkata Police, serving as DCP, 5th Battalion, Kolkata Armed Police and DCP (Port Division), for approximately 4 years. He served in Barrackpore Police Commissionerate, holding the positions of DCP (Special Branch) and DCP (Traffic) for over 4 years. He was posted in the districts of Dakshin Dinajpur and Nadia as Additional SP. At the sub-divisional level, he has worked as SDPOs of Gangarampur, Raghunathpur and Kalna sub-divisions of West Bengal. His tenure as Special IG and subsequently as IGP of Correctional Services, West Bengal, for over 4 years, saw him deeply engaged in improving the prison and correctional system. He visited numerous correctional homes across West Bengal, interacting with inmates, both male and female, including children residing with their incarcerated mothers. His outreach extended to correctional homes in Assam, Bihar, and Tripura. This hands-on approach provided him with invaluable insights into the workings of prisons and the complexities of the prisoner psyche. Beyond his operational roles, Md. Imran Wahab possesses a strong academic background, holding B.Sc., M.A., L.L.B., and M.B.A. degrees. He has also completed Post Graduate Diplomas in Human Rights, Project Management, Corporate Management, Computer Application, Public Administration, Medical Law, Disaster Management, Fire Safety &amp; Hazards Management and Psychology. He has attended Indian government sponsored specialized training in police and management matters in SVPNPA, Hyderabad, IIM, Ahmedabad and Singapore. He is the author of the books 'Police Investigation &amp; Allied Matters' and 'Alternative Dispute Resolution: Evolving Trends and Innovations' demonstrating his commitment to knowledge sharing within the law enforcement field. As an observer for the Election Commission of India, he has gained firsthand experience in conducting assembly elections and bye-elections in Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Assam, Bihar, and Tripura (twice). This exposure has given him a deep understanding of election management and the Election Commission's operations. He has also served as Chairman and as a member of various recruitment boards for the selection of police personnel in Kolkata Police and West Bengal Police. Md. Imran Wahab's interests extend beyond law enforcement to include law, politics, international affairs, prison management, and business management. He has authored over 1000 articles on these diverse topics, reflecting his intellectual curiosity and desire to contribute to public discourse. 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Imran Wahab","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/avatars\/49\/1777837060-bpfull.jpg","url":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/avatars\/49\/1777837060-bpfull.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/avatars\/49\/1777837060-bpfull.jpg","caption":"Md. Imran Wahab"},"description":"Md. Imran Wahab, a distinguished 2004-batch Indian Police Service officer, has dedicated over 32 years to public service, holding various senior managerial positions within the West Bengal Police force. His career has spanned diverse roles across different districts, including Kolkata Police, serving as DCP, 5th Battalion, Kolkata Armed Police and DCP (Port Division), for approximately 4 years. He served in Barrackpore Police Commissionerate, holding the positions of DCP (Special Branch) and DCP (Traffic) for over 4 years. He was posted in the districts of Dakshin Dinajpur and Nadia as Additional SP. At the sub-divisional level, he has worked as SDPOs of Gangarampur, Raghunathpur and Kalna sub-divisions of West Bengal. His tenure as Special IG and subsequently as IGP of Correctional Services, West Bengal, for over 4 years, saw him deeply engaged in improving the prison and correctional system. He visited numerous correctional homes across West Bengal, interacting with inmates, both male and female, including children residing with their incarcerated mothers. His outreach extended to correctional homes in Assam, Bihar, and Tripura. This hands-on approach provided him with invaluable insights into the workings of prisons and the complexities of the prisoner psyche. Beyond his operational roles, Md. Imran Wahab possesses a strong academic background, holding B.Sc., M.A., L.L.B., and M.B.A. degrees. He has also completed Post Graduate Diplomas in Human Rights, Project Management, Corporate Management, Computer Application, Public Administration, Medical Law, Disaster Management, Fire Safety &amp; Hazards Management and Psychology. He has attended Indian government sponsored specialized training in police and management matters in SVPNPA, Hyderabad, IIM, Ahmedabad and Singapore. He is the author of the books 'Police Investigation &amp; Allied Matters' and 'Alternative Dispute Resolution: Evolving Trends and Innovations' demonstrating his commitment to knowledge sharing within the law enforcement field. As an observer for the Election Commission of India, he has gained firsthand experience in conducting assembly elections and bye-elections in Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Assam, Bihar, and Tripura (twice). This exposure has given him a deep understanding of election management and the Election Commission's operations. He has also served as Chairman and as a member of various recruitment boards for the selection of police personnel in Kolkata Police and West Bengal Police. Md. Imran Wahab's interests extend beyond law enforcement to include law, politics, international affairs, prison management, and business management. He has authored over 1000 articles on these diverse topics, reflecting his intellectual curiosity and desire to contribute to public discourse. He is also a research scholar in law and has contributed articles to the Indian Police Journal, National Crime Record Bureau Journal, SVP National Police Academy Journal, and International Journal for Multidisciplinary Research etc. Currently, he serves as IGP, Provisioning, West Bengal.","url":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/author\/md-imranwahab\/"}]}},"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29518","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/49"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=29518"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29518\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":29850,"href":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29518\/revisions\/29850"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=29518"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=29518"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=29518"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}