{"id":31094,"date":"2026-08-29T05:55:26","date_gmt":"2026-08-29T05:55:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/?p=31094"},"modified":"2026-08-29T06:02:50","modified_gmt":"2026-08-29T06:02:50","slug":"rejection-of-section-1563-crpc-now-section-1753-bnss-application-is-no-bar-to-subsequent-fir-supreme-court","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/rejection-of-section-1563-crpc-now-section-1753-bnss-application-is-no-bar-to-subsequent-fir-supreme-court\/","title":{"rendered":"Rejection of Section 156(3) CrPC &#8211; Now Section 175(3) BNSS &#8211; Application Is No Bar to Subsequent FIR: Supreme Court"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 id=\"h-introduction\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Introduction\"><\/span>Introduction<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In a significant judgement clarifying the procedural boundaries between judicial intervention and executive power, the Supreme Court of India held that the rejection of an application by a magistrate seeking an investigation under Section 156(3) of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (CrPC) [now Section 175(3) of the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023 (BNSS)] does not curtail, extinguish, or bar the independent statutory obligation of the police to register a First Information Report (FIR) under Section 154 CrPC [Section 173 BNSS].<\/p><div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_87 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #0c0c0c;color:#0c0c0c\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #0c0c0c;color:#0c0c0c\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/rejection-of-section-1563-crpc-now-section-1753-bnss-application-is-no-bar-to-subsequent-fir-supreme-court\/#Introduction\" >Introduction<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/rejection-of-section-1563-crpc-now-section-1753-bnss-application-is-no-bar-to-subsequent-fir-supreme-court\/#Factual_Matrix_Legal_Controversy\" >Factual Matrix &amp; Legal Controversy<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/rejection-of-section-1563-crpc-now-section-1753-bnss-application-is-no-bar-to-subsequent-fir-supreme-court\/#Core_Rulings_of_the_Supreme_Court\" >Core Rulings of the Supreme Court<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/rejection-of-section-1563-crpc-now-section-1753-bnss-application-is-no-bar-to-subsequent-fir-supreme-court\/#31_Orders_Under_Section_1563_Are_Threshold_Orders_Not_Merit_Adjudications\" >3.1. Orders Under Section 156(3) Are Threshold Orders, Not Merit Adjudications<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/rejection-of-section-1563-crpc-now-section-1753-bnss-application-is-no-bar-to-subsequent-fir-supreme-court\/#32_Reaffirmation_of_Lalita_Kumari\" >3.2. Reaffirmation of Lalita Kumari<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/rejection-of-section-1563-crpc-now-section-1753-bnss-application-is-no-bar-to-subsequent-fir-supreme-court\/#33_Endorsement_of_Judicial_Precedent\" >3.3. Endorsement of Judicial Precedent<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/rejection-of-section-1563-crpc-now-section-1753-bnss-application-is-no-bar-to-subsequent-fir-supreme-court\/#Statutory_Parallel_Under_the_BNSS\" >Statutory Parallel Under the BNSS<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/rejection-of-section-1563-crpc-now-section-1753-bnss-application-is-no-bar-to-subsequent-fir-supreme-court\/#Statutory_Pathway\" >Statutory Pathway<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/rejection-of-section-1563-crpc-now-section-1753-bnss-application-is-no-bar-to-subsequent-fir-supreme-court\/#Operational_Area_and_Impact_of_the_Judgement\" >Operational Area and Impact of the Judgement<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/rejection-of-section-1563-crpc-now-section-1753-bnss-application-is-no-bar-to-subsequent-fir-supreme-court\/#Conclusion\" >Conclusion<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Delivering the judgement on 19 August, 2026, in <strong>Pramod Kumar Shukla v. State of Uttar Pradesh &amp; Ors. (2026 LiveLaw (SC) 829)<\/strong>, a bench comprising Justice Prashant Kumar Mishra and Justice N.V. Anjaria observed:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>&#8220;The rejection of an application under Section 156(3) of the CrPC cannot curtail or extinguish the independent statutory obligation cast upon the Police under Section 154 of the CrPC.&#8221;<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"h-factual-matrix-amp-legal-controversy\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Factual_Matrix_Legal_Controversy\"><\/span>Factual Matrix &amp; Legal Controversy<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The appeal before the apex court challenged a decision of the Allahabad High Court, which had declined to quash an FIR registered against the appellant in a cheating case.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The appellant-accused sought the quashing of the FIR strictly on procedural grounds. It was argued that because the complainant had previously approached the magistrate under Section 156(3) CrPC\u2014and the magistrate, after calling for an inquiry report from the police, had dismissed the application\u2014a subsequent direct registration of an FIR by the police on substantially similar allegations was legally impermissible and barred by law.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"h-core-rulings-of-the-supreme-court\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Core_Rulings_of_the_Supreme_Court\"><\/span>Core Rulings of the Supreme Court<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-3-1-orders-under-section-156-3-are-threshold-orders-not-merit-adjudications\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"31_Orders_Under_Section_1563_Are_Threshold_Orders_Not_Merit_Adjudications\"><\/span>3.1. Orders Under Section 156(3) Are Threshold Orders, Not Merit Adjudications<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Authoring the judgement, Justice Prashant Kumar Mishra highlighted that an order passed under Section 156(3) CrPC is confined solely to directing, or declining to direct, the exercise of statutory investigative powers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Bench noted that such a rejection is rendered at the threshold without an adjudication on merits after a trial. Consequently, it does not determine any substantive rights or liabilities of the proposed accused, and the doctrine of res judicata cannot be invoked to bar subsequent police action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-3-2-reaffirmation-of-lalita-kumari\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"32_Reaffirmation_of_Lalita_Kumari\"><\/span>3.2. Reaffirmation of Lalita Kumari<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Court reaffirmed the landmark Constitution Bench decision in <strong>Lalita Kumari v. Government of Uttar Pradesh (2014)<\/strong>, noting that the duty to register an FIR under Section 154 CrPC \/ Section 173 BNSS exists independently and does not depend on an order from a magistrate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Bench observed that if a magistrate&#8217;s refusal under Section 156(3) were allowed to override the mandatory nature of Section 154, it would render the Lalita Kumari mandate redundant. Where information presented prima facie discloses a cognisable offence, the police remain statutorily obligated to register an FIR, leaving the credibility or truthfulness of allegations to be tested during the investigation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-3-3-endorsement-of-judicial-precedent\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"33_Endorsement_of_Judicial_Precedent\"><\/span>3.3. Endorsement of Judicial Precedent<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Court placed reliance on its earlier ruling in <strong>Mahendri &amp; Ors. v. State of U.P. &amp; Anr. (2015)<\/strong>, reiterating that a magistrate&#8217;s rejection under Section 156(3) CrPC neither decides the merits of the controversy nor reflects upon the truthfulness of the allegations contained in a subsequently registered FIR.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"h-statutory-parallel-under-the-bnss\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Statutory_Parallel_Under_the_BNSS\"><\/span>Statutory Parallel Under the BNSS<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The principle laid down in <strong>Pramod Kumar Shukla v. State of U.P.<\/strong> can be clearly understood within the statutory framework of the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023 (BNSS). The BNSS preserves the fundamental distinction between the police&#8217;s independent statutory duty to act upon information disclosing a cognisable offence and the magistrate&#8217;s judicial power to direct investigation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-statutory-pathway\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Statutory_Pathway\"><\/span>Statutory Pathway<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Statutory Pathway<\/th><th>BNSS Provision<\/th><th>Corresponding CrPC Provision<\/th><th>Legal Function<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>Police \/ Statutory Route<\/strong><\/td><td>Section 173 BNSS<\/td><td>Section 154 CrPC<\/td><td>Receipt and recording of information relating to a cognisable offence and initiation of the statutory FIR process<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Judicial \/ Magisterial Route<\/strong><\/td><td>Section 175(3) BNSS<\/td><td>Section 156(3) CrPC<\/td><td>Power of the Magistrate to order investigation<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Thus, the two pathways should not be treated as interchangeable:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Information disclosing a cognisable offence \u2192 Section 173 BNSS \u2192 Police action\/FIR<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Whereas:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Application seeking judicial intervention \u2192 Section 175(3) BNSS \u2192 Magistrate&#8217;s order for investigation<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The crucial consequence is that rejection of an application under Section 175(3) BNSS does not, by itself, extinguish the police&#8217;s independent statutory authority or duty under Section 173 BNSS. A magistrate&#8217;s refusal to direct investigation is not necessarily a final adjudication that the allegations are false or that no cognisable offence has been committed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Accordingly, the police route and the judicial route operate in parallel. The failure of the judicial route at one stage cannot automatically be converted into a permanent bar against the police subsequently acting upon information or material that independently discloses a cognisable offence, subject always to the safeguards and limitations prescribed by the BNSS, including Section 173(3) wherever its preliminary-inquiry mechanism is applicable.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-operational-area-and-impact-of-the-judgement\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Operational_Area_and_Impact_of_the_Judgement\"><\/span>Operational Area and Impact of the Judgement<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Operational Area<\/th><th>CrPC Framework<\/th><th>BNSS Framework<\/th><th>Impact of Judgement<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>Police Obligation to Record FIR<\/strong><\/td><td>Section 154<\/td><td>Section 173<\/td><td>Independent statutory duty remains fully intact.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Magistrate&#8217;s Order for Investigation<\/strong><\/td><td>Section 156(3)<\/td><td>Section 175(3)<\/td><td>Dismissal is a threshold order; it does not act as res judicata.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Police Power to Investigate<\/strong><\/td><td>Section 156(1)<\/td><td>Section 175(1)<\/td><td>Operates parallel to, and independent of, judicial directions.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"h-conclusion\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Conclusion\"><\/span>Conclusion<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dismissing the appeal, the Supreme Court held that since the material on record prima facie disclosed a cognisable offence, the High Court rightly refused to interfere with the proceedings. The decision establishes that judicial refusal to order an investigation and executive police action under Section 154 CrPC \/ Section 173 BNSS operate in distinct legal realms, ensuring that procedural technicalities at the threshold do not frustrate the statutory mechanism for investigating cognisable crimes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-yoast-seo-related-links yoast-seo-related-links\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/what-is-fir\/\">What is FIR<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/bharatiya-nagrik-suraksha-sanhita-bnss-2023-complete-guide\/\">Bharatiya Nagrik Suraksha Sanhita (BNSS) 2023: Complete Guide to Criminal Procedure, Arrest, Investigation, Trial &amp; Courts in India<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/section-156-3-vs-section-202-crpc-ramdev-food-products-vs-state-of-gujarat\/\">Ramdev Food Products Vs. State of Gujarat: When Must a Magistrate Order Police Investigation Under Section 156(3) Instead of Section 202 CrPC?<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/investigation-and-conviction-without-an-fir-legal-position-exceptions-and-judicial-safeguards-in-india\/\">Investigation and Conviction Without an FIR: Legal Position, Exceptions, and Judicial Safeguards in India<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/fir-closure-mechanisms-legal-grounds-and-procedures\/\">FIR Closure Mechanisms: Legal Grounds and Procedures<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Introduction In a significant judgement clarifying the procedural boundaries between judicial intervention and executive power, the Supreme Court of India held that the rejection of an application by a magistrate seeking an investigation under Section 156(3) of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (CrPC) [now Section 175(3) of the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023 (BNSS)]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":49,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"two_page_speed":[],"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[15],"tags":[4798],"class_list":["post-31094","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","category-criminal-law","tag-criminal-law"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.2 (Yoast SEO v28.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Rejection of Section 156(3) CrPC - Now Section 175(3) BNSS - Application Is No Bar to Subsequent FIR: Supreme Court - Legal Service India - Articles<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Supreme Court rules that rejection under Section 156(3) CrPC does not bar police from registering an FIR under Section 154 CrPC or Section 173 BNSS.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/rejection-of-section-1563-crpc-now-section-1753-bnss-application-is-no-bar-to-subsequent-fir-supreme-court\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Rejection of Section 156(3) CrPC - Now Section 175(3) BNSS - Application Is No Bar to Subsequent FIR: Supreme Court\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Supreme Court rules that rejection under Section 156(3) CrPC does not bar police from registering an FIR under Section 154 CrPC or Section 173 BNSS.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/rejection-of-section-1563-crpc-now-section-1753-bnss-application-is-no-bar-to-subsequent-fir-supreme-court\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Legal Service India - Articles\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/legalservicesind\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2026-08-29T05:55:26+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-08-29T06:02:50+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Md. 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Imran Wahab\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"5 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalserviceindia.com\\\/Legal-Articles\\\/rejection-of-section-1563-crpc-now-section-1753-bnss-application-is-no-bar-to-subsequent-fir-supreme-court\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalserviceindia.com\\\/Legal-Articles\\\/rejection-of-section-1563-crpc-now-section-1753-bnss-application-is-no-bar-to-subsequent-fir-supreme-court\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Md. 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He served in Barrackpore Police Commissionerate, holding the positions of DCP (Special Branch) and DCP (Traffic) for over 4 years. He was posted in the districts of Dakshin Dinajpur and Nadia as Additional SP. At the sub-divisional level, he has worked as SDPOs of Gangarampur, Raghunathpur and Kalna sub-divisions of West Bengal. His tenure as Special IG and subsequently as IGP of Correctional Services, West Bengal, for over 4 years, saw him deeply engaged in improving the prison and correctional system. He visited numerous correctional homes across West Bengal, interacting with inmates, both male and female, including children residing with their incarcerated mothers. His outreach extended to correctional homes in Assam, Bihar, and Tripura. This hands-on approach provided him with invaluable insights into the workings of prisons and the complexities of the prisoner psyche. Beyond his operational roles, Md. 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This exposure has given him a deep understanding of election management and the Election Commission's operations. He has also served as Chairman and as a member of various recruitment boards for the selection of police personnel in Kolkata Police and West Bengal Police. Md. Imran Wahab's interests extend beyond law enforcement to include law, politics, international affairs, prison management, and business management. He has authored over 1000 articles on these diverse topics, reflecting his intellectual curiosity and desire to contribute to public discourse. 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He has also completed Post Graduate Diplomas in Human Rights, Project Management, Corporate Management, Computer Application, Public Administration, Medical Law, Disaster Management, Fire Safety &amp; Hazards Management and Psychology. He has attended Indian government sponsored specialized training in police and management matters in SVPNPA, Hyderabad, IIM, Ahmedabad and Singapore. He is the author of the books 'Police Investigation &amp; Allied Matters' and 'Alternative Dispute Resolution: Evolving Trends and Innovations' demonstrating his commitment to knowledge sharing within the law enforcement field. As an observer for the Election Commission of India, he has gained firsthand experience in conducting assembly elections and bye-elections in Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Assam, Bihar, and Tripura (twice). This exposure has given him a deep understanding of election management and the Election Commission's operations. 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