{"id":35205,"date":"2026-11-04T11:45:16","date_gmt":"2026-11-04T11:45:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/?p=35205"},"modified":"2026-11-04T11:48:27","modified_gmt":"2026-11-04T11:48:27","slug":"international-criminal-court-icc-meaning-jurisdiction-powers-and-functions","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/international-criminal-court-icc-meaning-jurisdiction-powers-and-functions\/","title":{"rendered":"International Criminal Court (ICC): Meaning, Jurisdiction, Powers and Functions"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 id=\"h-introduction-to-the-international-criminal-court-icc\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Introduction_to_the_International_Criminal_Court_ICC\"><\/span>Introduction to the International Criminal Court (ICC)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The International Criminal Court (ICC) is a permanent international court that prosecutes individuals for the most serious crimes under international law. It was created by the Rome Statute in 1998, which came into force on 1 July 2002. The court is based in The Hague, Netherlands.<\/p><div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_89 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #0c0c0c;color:#0c0c0c\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #0c0c0c;color:#0c0c0c\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/international-criminal-court-icc-meaning-jurisdiction-powers-and-functions\/#Introduction_to_the_International_Criminal_Court_ICC\" >Introduction to the International Criminal Court (ICC)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/international-criminal-court-icc-meaning-jurisdiction-powers-and-functions\/#Objectives_of_the_International_Criminal_Court\" >Objectives of the International Criminal Court<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/international-criminal-court-icc-meaning-jurisdiction-powers-and-functions\/#Jurisdiction_of_the_International_Criminal_Court\" >Jurisdiction of the International Criminal Court<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/international-criminal-court-icc-meaning-jurisdiction-powers-and-functions\/#1_Genocide\" >1. Genocide<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/international-criminal-court-icc-meaning-jurisdiction-powers-and-functions\/#2_Crimes_Against_Humanity\" >2. Crimes Against Humanity<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/international-criminal-court-icc-meaning-jurisdiction-powers-and-functions\/#3_War_Crimes\" >3. War Crimes<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/international-criminal-court-icc-meaning-jurisdiction-powers-and-functions\/#4_Crime_of_Aggression\" >4. Crime of Aggression<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/international-criminal-court-icc-meaning-jurisdiction-powers-and-functions\/#Types_of_Jurisdiction_Exercised_by_the_ICC\" >Types of Jurisdiction Exercised by the ICC<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/international-criminal-court-icc-meaning-jurisdiction-powers-and-functions\/#1_Territorial_Jurisdiction\" >1. Territorial Jurisdiction<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/international-criminal-court-icc-meaning-jurisdiction-powers-and-functions\/#2_Personal_Jurisdiction\" >2. Personal Jurisdiction<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/international-criminal-court-icc-meaning-jurisdiction-powers-and-functions\/#3_Temporal_Jurisdiction\" >3. Temporal Jurisdiction<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/international-criminal-court-icc-meaning-jurisdiction-powers-and-functions\/#4_Subject-Matter_Jurisdiction\" >4. Subject-Matter Jurisdiction<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/international-criminal-court-icc-meaning-jurisdiction-powers-and-functions\/#How_the_ICC_Can_Start_an_Investigation\" >How the ICC Can Start an Investigation<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/international-criminal-court-icc-meaning-jurisdiction-powers-and-functions\/#Principle_of_Complementarity_Under_the_Rome_Statute\" >Principle of Complementarity Under the Rome Statute<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/international-criminal-court-icc-meaning-jurisdiction-powers-and-functions\/#Organisation_of_the_International_Criminal_Court\" >Organisation of the International Criminal Court<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/international-criminal-court-icc-meaning-jurisdiction-powers-and-functions\/#1_Presidency\" >1. Presidency<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/international-criminal-court-icc-meaning-jurisdiction-powers-and-functions\/#2_Judicial_Divisions\" >2. Judicial Divisions<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/international-criminal-court-icc-meaning-jurisdiction-powers-and-functions\/#3_Office_of_the_Prosecutor\" >3. Office of the Prosecutor<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/international-criminal-court-icc-meaning-jurisdiction-powers-and-functions\/#4_Registry\" >4. Registry<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-20\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/international-criminal-court-icc-meaning-jurisdiction-powers-and-functions\/#Important_Features_of_the_International_Criminal_Court\" >Important Features of the International Criminal Court<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-21\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/international-criminal-court-icc-meaning-jurisdiction-powers-and-functions\/#Limitations_of_the_International_Criminal_Court\" >Limitations of the International Criminal Court<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-22\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/international-criminal-court-icc-meaning-jurisdiction-powers-and-functions\/#Difference_Between_the_ICC_and_ICJ\" >Difference Between the ICC and ICJ<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-23\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/international-criminal-court-icc-meaning-jurisdiction-powers-and-functions\/#Conclusion\" >Conclusion<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Its main aim is to punish those responsible for grave crimes and to help prevent such crimes in the future. The ICC works to ensure that no person, however powerful, is above the law.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"h-objectives-of-the-international-criminal-court\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Objectives_of_the_International_Criminal_Court\"><\/span>Objectives of the International Criminal Court<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The main objectives of the ICC are the following:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>To punish individuals who commit serious international crimes.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>To protect human rights and promote justice.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>To prevent genocide, war crimes and other serious crimes.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>To end the culture of impunity (where powerful people escape punishment).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>To provide justice to the victims of these crimes.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"h-jurisdiction-of-the-international-criminal-court\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Jurisdiction_of_the_International_Criminal_Court\"><\/span>Jurisdiction of the International Criminal Court<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Under Article 5 of the Rome Statute, the ICC can try four main types of international crimes:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-1-genocide\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Genocide\"><\/span>1. Genocide<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Acts done with the intention of destroying, in whole or in part, a national, ethnic, racial or religious group.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-2-crimes-against-humanity\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Crimes_Against_Humanity\"><\/span>2. Crimes Against Humanity<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Widespread or systematic attacks against civilians, such as murder, torture, enslavement and forced deportation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-3-war-crimes\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_War_Crimes\"><\/span>3. War Crimes<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Serious violations of the laws of war during armed conflicts, such as killing civilians, torture, and attacking hospitals or protected places.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-4-crime-of-aggression\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_Crime_of_Aggression\"><\/span>4. Crime of Aggression<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The planning, preparation, starting or carrying out of an act of aggression by a State\u2019s political or military leaders in violation of the UN Charter.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"h-types-of-jurisdiction-exercised-by-the-icc\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Types_of_Jurisdiction_Exercised_by_the_ICC\"><\/span>Types of Jurisdiction Exercised by the ICC<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The ICC exercises four kinds of jurisdiction:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-1-territorial-jurisdiction\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Territorial_Jurisdiction\"><\/span>1. Territorial Jurisdiction<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">It can generally deal with crimes committed on the territory of a state that is a party to the Rome Statute.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-2-personal-jurisdiction\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Personal_Jurisdiction\"><\/span>2. Personal Jurisdiction<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">It can prosecute individuals, no matter what official position they hold.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-3-temporal-jurisdiction\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Temporal_Jurisdiction\"><\/span>3. Temporal Jurisdiction<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">It usually deals with crimes committed after 1 July 2002 (the date the Statute entered into force).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-4-subject-matter-jurisdiction\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_Subject-Matter_Jurisdiction\"><\/span>4. Subject-Matter Jurisdiction<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">It covers only the four crimes listed above.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"h-how-the-icc-can-start-an-investigation\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"How_the_ICC_Can_Start_an_Investigation\"><\/span>How the ICC Can Start an Investigation<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Under Article 13 of the Rome Statute, a case can reach the ICC in three ways:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>A State Party refers a situation to the Court.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The UN Security Council refers a situation to the Court.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The ICC Prosecutor starts an investigation on his or her own initiative (subject to legal approval).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"h-principle-of-complementarity-under-the-rome-statute\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Principle_of_Complementarity_Under_the_Rome_Statute\"><\/span>Principle of Complementarity Under the Rome Statute<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The ICC follows the principle of complementarity. This means that national courts have the first duty to investigate and prosecute these crimes. The ICC steps in only when a state is genuinely unwilling or unable to do so itself.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"h-organisation-of-the-international-criminal-court\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Organisation_of_the_International_Criminal_Court\"><\/span>Organisation of the International Criminal Court<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The ICC has four main organs:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-1-presidency\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Presidency\"><\/span>1. Presidency<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Handles the overall administration of the Court.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-2-judicial-divisions\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Judicial_Divisions\"><\/span>2. Judicial Divisions<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Consist of the Pre-Trial, Trial and Appeals Chambers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-3-office-of-the-prosecutor\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Office_of_the_Prosecutor\"><\/span>3. Office of the Prosecutor<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Investigates crimes and brings cases before the court.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-4-registry\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_Registry\"><\/span>4. Registry<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Provides administrative and practical support to the court.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"h-important-features-of-the-international-criminal-court\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Important_Features_of_the_International_Criminal_Court\"><\/span>Important Features of the International Criminal Court<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The ICC has several important features:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It is a permanent international criminal court.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It prosecutes individuals, not states.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It is independent of the United Nations.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It has no police force of its own and depends on states for arrests and cooperation.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It does not normally try persons who were under 18 years of age at the time of the alleged crime.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It can order imprisonment, fines and forfeiture of property.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It can also order reparations (compensation or other forms of redress) for victims.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"h-limitations-of-the-international-criminal-court\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Limitations_of_the_International_Criminal_Court\"><\/span>Limitations of the International Criminal Court<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The ICC faces several practical difficulties:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It has no independent police force to arrest accused persons.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It depends heavily on the cooperation of states.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Some powerful countries, including the United States, Russia and China, are not parties to the Rome Statute.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Political pressure and lack of international cooperation can affect its work.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Its powers are limited by the terms of the Rome Statute.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"h-difference-between-the-icc-and-icj\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Difference_Between_the_ICC_and_ICJ\"><\/span>Difference Between the ICC and ICJ<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The International Criminal Court (ICC) and the International Court of Justice (ICJ) are two different international judicial institutions. Their functions, jurisdiction and legal responsibilities are different.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Basis of Comparison<\/th><th>International Criminal Court (ICC)<\/th><th>International Court of Justice (ICJ)<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><th>Nature of Jurisdiction<\/th><td>Deals with the criminal responsibility of individuals.<\/td><td>Settles legal disputes between states.<\/td><\/tr><tr><th>Establishment<\/th><td>Established by the Rome Statute, 1998.<\/td><td>Established under the UN Charter in 1945.<\/td><\/tr><tr><th>Relationship with the United Nations<\/th><td>Independent of the United Nations.<\/td><td>Principal judicial organ of the United Nations.<\/td><\/tr><tr><th>Main Function<\/th><td>Punishes individuals for serious international crimes.<\/td><td>Gives judgements and advisory opinions on legal questions between states.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"h-conclusion\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Conclusion\"><\/span>Conclusion<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The International Criminal Court is an important institution for promoting international justice and protecting human rights. It seeks to punish those responsible for the most serious crimes and to deter future atrocities. Although it faces challenges such as limited cooperation and political pressures, the ICC continues to play a valuable role in upholding the rule of law and ending impunity across the world.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-yoast-seo-related-links yoast-seo-related-links\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/individuals-as-subjects-of-international-law-rights-duties-and-legal-status\/\">Individuals as Subjects of International Law: Rights, Duties and Legal Status<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/protecting-women-and-children-posh-pocso-india\/\">Protecting the Vulnerable: A Comparative Analysis of the POSH Act and POCSO Act in India<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/international-criminal-court-effectiveness-in-prosecuting-crimes\/\">International Criminal Court and Its Effectiveness in Prosecuting Crimes<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/international-law-double-standards-russia-ukraine-israel-gaza\/\">Selective Justice: The Double Standard in the Application of International Law to Gaza and Ukraine<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/international-arbitration-global-legal-framework-and-procedural-dynamics\/\">International Arbitration: A Comprehensive Analysis of the Global Legal Framework and Procedural Dynamics<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Introduction to the International Criminal Court (ICC) The International Criminal Court (ICC) is a permanent international court that prosecutes individuals for the most serious crimes under international law. It was created by the Rome Statute in 1998, which came into force on 1 July 2002. The court is based in The Hague, Netherlands. Its main<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":49,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"two_page_speed":[],"_jetpack_hide_featured_image":false,"_jetpack_featured_image_duplicate_dismissed":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[80],"tags":[355],"class_list":["post-35205","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","category-international-law","tag-international-law"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.8 (Yoast SEO v28.8) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>International Criminal Court (ICC): Meaning, Jurisdiction, Powers and Functions - Legal Service India - Articles<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Learn about the International Criminal Court (ICC), its jurisdiction, functions, Rome Statute, international crimes, powers and limitations.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/international-criminal-court-icc-meaning-jurisdiction-powers-and-functions\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"International Criminal Court (ICC): Meaning, Jurisdiction, Powers and Functions\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Learn about the International Criminal Court (ICC), its jurisdiction, functions, Rome Statute, international crimes, powers and limitations.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/international-criminal-court-icc-meaning-jurisdiction-powers-and-functions\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Legal Service India - Articles\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/legalservicesind\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2026-11-04T11:45:16+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-11-04T11:48:27+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Md. 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