{"id":35303,"date":"2026-11-04T11:59:21","date_gmt":"2026-11-04T11:59:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/?p=35303"},"modified":"2026-11-04T12:02:57","modified_gmt":"2026-11-04T12:02:57","slug":"nationality-acquisition-double-nationality-loss-of-nationality-and-statelessness","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/nationality-acquisition-double-nationality-loss-of-nationality-and-statelessness\/","title":{"rendered":"Nationality: Acquisition, Double Nationality, Loss of Nationality and Statelessness"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 id=\"h-introduction-to-nationality\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Introduction_to_Nationality\"><\/span>Introduction to Nationality<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nationality is the legal relationship between an individual and a state. It establishes a person&#8217;s membership in a particular country and gives them certain rights and duties. A person who holds the nationality of a State is generally entitled to its protection and may enjoy rights such as political participation, residence and access to public services. In return, the person may have duties towards the state, such as obeying its laws.<\/p><div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_89 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #0c0c0c;color:#0c0c0c\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #0c0c0c;color:#0c0c0c\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/nationality-acquisition-double-nationality-loss-of-nationality-and-statelessness\/#Introduction_to_Nationality\" >Introduction to Nationality<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/nationality-acquisition-double-nationality-loss-of-nationality-and-statelessness\/#Acquisition_of_Nationality_Under_International_Law\" >Acquisition of Nationality Under International Law<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/nationality-acquisition-double-nationality-loss-of-nationality-and-statelessness\/#1_By_Birth_Jus_Soli\" >1. By Birth (Jus Soli)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/nationality-acquisition-double-nationality-loss-of-nationality-and-statelessness\/#2_By_Descent_Jus_Sanguinis\" >2. By Descent (Jus Sanguinis)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/nationality-acquisition-double-nationality-loss-of-nationality-and-statelessness\/#3_By_Naturalisation\" >3. By Naturalisation<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/nationality-acquisition-double-nationality-loss-of-nationality-and-statelessness\/#4_By_Marriage\" >4. By Marriage<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/nationality-acquisition-double-nationality-loss-of-nationality-and-statelessness\/#5_By_Registration\" >5. By Registration<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/nationality-acquisition-double-nationality-loss-of-nationality-and-statelessness\/#6_By_Incorporation_of_Territory\" >6. By Incorporation of Territory<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/nationality-acquisition-double-nationality-loss-of-nationality-and-statelessness\/#Double_or_Dual_Nationality_Under_International_Law\" >Double or Dual Nationality Under International Law<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/nationality-acquisition-double-nationality-loss-of-nationality-and-statelessness\/#How_Does_Dual_Nationality_Arise\" >How Does Dual Nationality Arise?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/nationality-acquisition-double-nationality-loss-of-nationality-and-statelessness\/#Problems_of_Double_Nationality\" >Problems of Double Nationality<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/nationality-acquisition-double-nationality-loss-of-nationality-and-statelessness\/#Loss_of_Nationality_Under_International_Law\" >Loss of Nationality Under International Law<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/nationality-acquisition-double-nationality-loss-of-nationality-and-statelessness\/#1_Renunciation\" >1. Renunciation<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/nationality-acquisition-double-nationality-loss-of-nationality-and-statelessness\/#2_Voluntary_Acquisition_of_Foreign_Nationality\" >2. Voluntary Acquisition of Foreign Nationality<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/nationality-acquisition-double-nationality-loss-of-nationality-and-statelessness\/#3_Fraud_or_False_Information\" >3. Fraud or False Information<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/nationality-acquisition-double-nationality-loss-of-nationality-and-statelessness\/#4_Service_in_a_Foreign_Army\" >4. Service in a Foreign Army<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/nationality-acquisition-double-nationality-loss-of-nationality-and-statelessness\/#5_Deprivation_by_the_State\" >5. Deprivation by the State<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/nationality-acquisition-double-nationality-loss-of-nationality-and-statelessness\/#Statelessness_Under_International_Law\" >Statelessness Under International Law<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/nationality-acquisition-double-nationality-loss-of-nationality-and-statelessness\/#Causes_of_Statelessness\" >Causes of Statelessness<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-20\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/nationality-acquisition-double-nationality-loss-of-nationality-and-statelessness\/#Problems_Faced_by_Stateless_Persons\" >Problems Faced by Stateless Persons<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-21\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/nationality-acquisition-double-nationality-loss-of-nationality-and-statelessness\/#International_Protection_Against_Statelessness\" >International Protection Against Statelessness<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-22\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/nationality-acquisition-double-nationality-loss-of-nationality-and-statelessness\/#Nationality_Under_Indian_Law\" >Nationality Under Indian Law<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-23\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/nationality-acquisition-double-nationality-loss-of-nationality-and-statelessness\/#Dual_Citizenship_Under_Indian_Law\" >Dual Citizenship Under Indian Law<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-24\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/nationality-acquisition-double-nationality-loss-of-nationality-and-statelessness\/#Important_Principles_of_International_Law_Relating_to_Nationality\" >Important Principles of International Law Relating to Nationality<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-25\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/nationality-acquisition-double-nationality-loss-of-nationality-and-statelessness\/#Important_International_Instruments_on_Nationality\" >Important International Instruments on Nationality<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-26\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/nationality-acquisition-double-nationality-loss-of-nationality-and-statelessness\/#Conclusion\" >Conclusion<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In international law, nationality is mainly governed by the domestic law of each state, subject to certain rules of international law.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"h-acquisition-of-nationality-under-international-law\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Acquisition_of_Nationality_Under_International_Law\"><\/span>Acquisition of Nationality Under International Law<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nationality can be acquired in different ways. The main methods are:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-1-by-birth-jus-soli\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_By_Birth_Jus_Soli\"><\/span>1. By Birth (Jus Soli)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Under this principle, a person acquires nationality because they are born within the territory of a particular state. It is also known as the right of the soil.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-2-by-descent-jus-sanguinis\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_By_Descent_Jus_Sanguinis\"><\/span>2. By Descent (Jus Sanguinis)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Under this principle, a person acquires nationality through the nationality of their parents, regardless of the place of birth. It is known as the right of blood.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-3-by-naturalisation\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_By_Naturalisation\"><\/span>3. By Naturalisation<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A foreign citizen may acquire the nationality of another state by fulfilling legal conditions, such as a required period of residence, good character and knowledge of the country&#8217;s language or laws.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-4-by-marriage\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_By_Marriage\"><\/span>4. By Marriage<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Some states allow a foreign person to acquire nationality through marriage to one of their citizens, subject to legal requirements. Marriage does not automatically grant nationality in every country.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-5-by-registration\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5_By_Registration\"><\/span>5. By Registration<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Some states grant nationality through a simplified registration process to persons belonging to certain categories, such as persons of national origin or persons with family connections to the country.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-6-by-incorporation-of-territory\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"6_By_Incorporation_of_Territory\"><\/span>6. By Incorporation of Territory<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">When a state acquires or incorporates a new territory, the people living in that territory may acquire the nationality of the acquiring state, depending on the relevant legal arrangements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"h-double-or-dual-nationality-under-international-law\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Double_or_Dual_Nationality_Under_International_Law\"><\/span>Double or Dual Nationality Under International Law<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Double nationality, also called dual nationality, means that a person is legally recognised as a citizen of two or more States at the same time.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-how-does-dual-nationality-arise\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"How_Does_Dual_Nationality_Arise\"><\/span>How Does Dual Nationality Arise?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">It may arise when:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>A child is born in a country that follows Jus Soli, while the parents belong to a country that follows Jus Sanguinis.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A person acquires another nationality through naturalisation without losing the original nationality.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Different national laws recognise the same person as their citizen.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-problems-of-double-nationality\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Problems_of_Double_Nationality\"><\/span>Problems of Double Nationality<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Double nationality may create several legal and practical problems:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The person may have duties towards two states.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Both states may claim the person&#8217;s loyalty.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Conflicts may arise regarding military service and taxation.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Diplomatic protection may become complicated when both states are involved in a dispute.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">International law generally recognises that dual nationality may exist, although individual States can restrict or prohibit it under their domestic laws.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"h-loss-of-nationality-under-international-law\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Loss_of_Nationality_Under_International_Law\"><\/span>Loss of Nationality Under International Law<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Loss of nationality means the termination of a person&#8217;s legal relationship with a state. It may happen in the following ways:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-1-renunciation\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Renunciation\"><\/span>1. Renunciation<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A person voluntarily gives up their nationality, usually to acquire or retain another nationality.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-2-voluntary-acquisition-of-foreign-nationality\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Voluntary_Acquisition_of_Foreign_Nationality\"><\/span>2. Voluntary Acquisition of Foreign Nationality<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Some states withdraw nationality when a person voluntarily acquires the nationality of another country.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-3-fraud-or-false-information\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Fraud_or_False_Information\"><\/span>3. Fraud or False Information<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nationality obtained through fraud, false documents or concealment of important facts may be cancelled according to law.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-4-service-in-a-foreign-army\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_Service_in_a_Foreign_Army\"><\/span>4. Service in a Foreign Army<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Some states may withdraw nationality if a citizen voluntarily serves in the armed forces of another state under specified legal conditions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-5-deprivation-by-the-state\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5_Deprivation_by_the_State\"><\/span>5. Deprivation by the State<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In certain exceptional circumstances, a State may withdraw nationality under its domestic law, subject to constitutional and international legal restrictions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">However, nationality should not be withdrawn arbitrarily or on discriminatory grounds. International law seeks to prevent unnecessary loss of nationality and statelessness.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"h-statelessness-under-international-law\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Statelessness_Under_International_Law\"><\/span>Statelessness Under International Law<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Statelessness means a condition in which a person is not considered a national by any State under the operation of its laws.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A stateless person does not legally belong to any country as a national.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-causes-of-statelessness\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Causes_of_Statelessness\"><\/span>Causes of Statelessness<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Statelessness may arise due to several legal, political and administrative circumstances, including:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Conflict between the nationality laws of different countries.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Discrimination based on race, religion, ethnicity or gender.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Creation or division of new states.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Withdrawal of nationality without granting another nationality.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Failure to register a child&#8217;s birth.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Political changes and administrative difficulties.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-problems-faced-by-stateless-persons\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Problems_Faced_by_Stateless_Persons\"><\/span>Problems Faced by Stateless Persons<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Stateless persons may face serious difficulties in their everyday lives, including:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Difficulty in obtaining passports and travel documents.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Lack of access to education, healthcare and employment.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Problems in owning property and opening bank accounts.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Difficulty in travelling or living legally in other countries.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Limited access to political and legal rights.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-international-protection-against-statelessness\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"International_Protection_Against_Statelessness\"><\/span>International Protection Against Statelessness<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Two important international conventions deal with this issue:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>International Convention<\/th><th>Year<\/th><th>Purpose<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Convention Relating to the Status of Stateless Persons<\/td><td>1954<\/td><td>It provides legal protection and certain rights to stateless persons, including access to education, employment and identity documents.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Convention on the Reduction of Statelessness<\/td><td>1961<\/td><td>It aims to prevent and reduce statelessness by requiring states to adopt safeguards in their nationality laws.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) also works to identify, prevent and reduce statelessness throughout the world.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"h-nationality-under-indian-law\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Nationality_Under_Indian_Law\"><\/span>Nationality Under Indian Law<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In India, citizenship is governed mainly by the Constitution of India (Articles 5\u201311) and the Citizenship Act, 1955.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Under the Citizenship Act, Indian citizenship can be acquired through five main methods:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>By birth.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>By descent.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>By registration.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>By naturalisation.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>By incorporation of territory.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-dual-citizenship-under-indian-law\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Dual_Citizenship_Under_Indian_Law\"><\/span>Dual Citizenship Under Indian Law<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Indian law does not permit full dual citizenship. Under Section 9 of the Citizenship Act, voluntary acquisition of the citizenship of another country generally results in the termination of Indian citizenship.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">However, India provides the facility of Overseas Citizenship of India (OCI) to eligible foreign citizens of Indian origin. OCI is not equivalent to full Indian citizenship and does not provide voting rights or eligibility for certain constitutional offices.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"h-important-principles-of-international-law-relating-to-nationality\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Important_Principles_of_International_Law_Relating_to_Nationality\"><\/span>Important Principles of International Law Relating to Nationality<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Some important principles relating to nationality are the following:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Every person should have the right to a nationality.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>No person should be arbitrarily deprived of nationality.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>States have the power to determine nationality under their domestic laws, subject to international law.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Discrimination in granting or withdrawing nationality should be avoided.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>States should take steps to prevent and reduce statelessness.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-important-international-instruments-on-nationality\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Important_International_Instruments_on_Nationality\"><\/span>Important International Instruments on Nationality<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>International Instrument<\/th><th>Year<\/th><th>Relevant Article<\/th><th>Principle Protected<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Universal Declaration of Human Rights<\/td><td>1948<\/td><td>Article 15<\/td><td>Recognises the right to a nationality.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights<\/td><td>1966<\/td><td>Article 24(3)<\/td><td>Provides that every child has the right to acquire a nationality.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Convention on the Rights of the Child<\/td><td>1989<\/td><td>Articles 7 and 8<\/td><td>Protects a child&#8217;s right to acquire a nationality and preserve their identity.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"h-conclusion\" class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Conclusion\"><\/span>Conclusion<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nationality is an important concept in international law because it establishes the legal relationship between an individual and a state. It can be acquired by birth, descent, naturalisation and other legal methods. A person may sometimes possess double nationality or lose nationality under certain circumstances. However, statelessness creates serious difficulties because a person is left without the legal protection of any state. Therefore, international law seeks to protect the right to nationality, prevent arbitrary deprivation and reduce statelessness.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-yoast-seo-related-links yoast-seo-related-links\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/recognition-of-states-and-diplomatic-protection-in-international-law\/\">Recognition of States and Diplomatic Protection in International Law<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/state-territorial-jurisdiction-types-immunities-and-exemptions-under-international-law\/\">State (Territorial) Jurisdiction: Types, Immunities and Exemptions under International Law<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/international-arbitration-global-legal-framework-and-procedural-dynamics\/\">International Arbitration: A Comprehensive Analysis of the Global Legal Framework and Procedural Dynamics<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/foreign-national-prisoners-in-india-problems-legal-rights-and-practical-solutions\/\">Foreign National Prisoners in India: Problems, Legal Rights, and Practical Solutions<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/persons-in-jurisprudence-kinds-legal-status-and-double-personality\/\">Persons in Jurisprudence: Kinds, Legal Status, and Double Personality<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Introduction to Nationality Nationality is the legal relationship between an individual and a state. It establishes a person&#8217;s membership in a particular country and gives them certain rights and duties. A person who holds the nationality of a State is generally entitled to its protection and may enjoy rights such as political participation, residence and<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":49,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"two_page_speed":[],"_jetpack_hide_featured_image":false,"_jetpack_featured_image_duplicate_dismissed":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[80],"tags":[355],"class_list":["post-35303","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","category-international-law","tag-international-law"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.8 (Yoast SEO v28.8) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Nationality: Acquisition, Double Nationality, Loss of Nationality and Statelessness - Legal Service India - Articles<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Understand nationality under international law, its acquisition, loss, dual citizenship, statelessness and citizenship laws in India.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/nationality-acquisition-double-nationality-loss-of-nationality-and-statelessness\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Nationality: Acquisition, Double Nationality, Loss of Nationality and Statelessness\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Understand nationality under international law, its acquisition, loss, dual citizenship, statelessness and citizenship laws in India.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/nationality-acquisition-double-nationality-loss-of-nationality-and-statelessness\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Legal Service India - Articles\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/legalservicesind\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2026-11-04T11:59:21+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-11-04T12:02:57+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Md. Imran Wahab\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@legalserviceind\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@legalserviceind\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Md. Imran Wahab\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"6 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalserviceindia.com\\\/Legal-Articles\\\/nationality-acquisition-double-nationality-loss-of-nationality-and-statelessness\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalserviceindia.com\\\/Legal-Articles\\\/nationality-acquisition-double-nationality-loss-of-nationality-and-statelessness\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Md. Imran Wahab\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalserviceindia.com\\\/Legal-Articles\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/23f17916b2032842e5ccd9cb51dfc156\"},\"headline\":\"Nationality: Acquisition, Double Nationality, Loss of Nationality and Statelessness\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-11-04T11:59:21+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-11-04T12:02:57+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalserviceindia.com\\\/Legal-Articles\\\/nationality-acquisition-double-nationality-loss-of-nationality-and-statelessness\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":1240,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalserviceindia.com\\\/Legal-Articles\\\/#organization\"},\"keywords\":[\"International law\"],\"articleSection\":[\"International law\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalserviceindia.com\\\/Legal-Articles\\\/nationality-acquisition-double-nationality-loss-of-nationality-and-statelessness\\\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalserviceindia.com\\\/Legal-Articles\\\/nationality-acquisition-double-nationality-loss-of-nationality-and-statelessness\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalserviceindia.com\\\/Legal-Articles\\\/nationality-acquisition-double-nationality-loss-of-nationality-and-statelessness\\\/\",\"name\":\"Nationality: Acquisition, Double Nationality, Loss of Nationality and Statelessness - Legal Service India - Articles\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalserviceindia.com\\\/Legal-Articles\\\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2026-11-04T11:59:21+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-11-04T12:02:57+00:00\",\"description\":\"Understand nationality under international law, its acquisition, loss, dual citizenship, statelessness and citizenship laws in India.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalserviceindia.com\\\/Legal-Articles\\\/nationality-acquisition-double-nationality-loss-of-nationality-and-statelessness\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalserviceindia.com\\\/Legal-Articles\\\/nationality-acquisition-double-nationality-loss-of-nationality-and-statelessness\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalserviceindia.com\\\/Legal-Articles\\\/nationality-acquisition-double-nationality-loss-of-nationality-and-statelessness\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalserviceindia.com\\\/Legal-Articles\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"International Law > Nationality in International Law: Meaning, Types, Acquisition and Loss Explained\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalserviceindia.com\\\/Legal-Articles\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalserviceindia.com\\\/Legal-Articles\\\/\",\"name\":\"Legal Service India - Law Articles\",\"description\":\"Legal Service India - Law Article Directory is the oldest in India since 2000, with thousands of article written by lawyers, law Students and Scholars on all branches of law\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalserviceindia.com\\\/Legal-Articles\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalserviceindia.com\\\/Legal-Articles\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalserviceindia.com\\\/Legal-Articles\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Legal Service India\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalserviceindia.com\\\/Legal-Articles\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalserviceindia.com\\\/Legal-Articles\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalserviceindia.com\\\/Legal-Articles\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/06\\\/logo-circle-1.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalserviceindia.com\\\/Legal-Articles\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/06\\\/logo-circle-1.png\",\"width\":105,\"height\":95,\"caption\":\"Legal Service India\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalserviceindia.com\\\/Legal-Articles\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.facebook.com\\\/legalservicesind\",\"https:\\\/\\\/x.com\\\/legalserviceind\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.youtube.com\\\/@LegalServiceIndia-lsi\"]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalserviceindia.com\\\/Legal-Articles\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/23f17916b2032842e5ccd9cb51dfc156\",\"name\":\"Md. Imran Wahab\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalserviceindia.com\\\/Legal-Articles\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/avatars\\\/49\\\/1777837060-bpfull.jpg\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalserviceindia.com\\\/Legal-Articles\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/avatars\\\/49\\\/1777837060-bpfull.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalserviceindia.com\\\/Legal-Articles\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/avatars\\\/49\\\/1777837060-bpfull.jpg\",\"caption\":\"Md. Imran Wahab\"},\"description\":\"\ud83d\udc6e Md. Imran Wahab, IPS Inspector General of Police (IGP), Provisioning, West Bengal Md. Imran Wahab is a distinguished Indian Police Service officer with extensive experience in law enforcement, administration, prison management, and public service. He has held several senior positions in the West Bengal Police, Kolkata Police, and Barrackpore Police Commissionerate, and served as Special IG and IGP of Correctional Services, West Bengal. \ud83c\udf93 Academic Excellence: He holds degrees in Science, Arts, Law, and Business Administration, along with multiple postgraduate diplomas in specialised fields, including Human Rights, Psychology, Public Administration, and Disaster Management. He has also undergone specialised training at SVPNPA, IIM Ahmedabad, and in Singapore. \ud83d\udcda Author &amp; Research Scholar: He has authored Police Investigation &amp; Allied Matters and Alternative Dispute Resolution: Evolving Trends and Innovations. With over 1,000 articles to his credit, his research and writings cover law, policing, criminal justice, prison administration, politics, and international affairs. His contributions have appeared in reputed police and research journals. \ud83d\uddf3\ufe0f Election Management &amp; Leadership: As an Election Commission of India observer, he has contributed to election management across several Indian states. He has also chaired and served on recruitment boards for Kolkata Police and West Bengal Police. His professional interests span law, governance, correctional administration, international affairs, and management, reflecting a sustained commitment to institutional development, knowledge sharing, and public service.\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.legalserviceindia.com\\\/Legal-Articles\\\/author\\\/md-imranwahab\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Nationality: Acquisition, Double Nationality, Loss of Nationality and Statelessness - Legal Service India - Articles","description":"Understand nationality under international law, its acquisition, loss, dual citizenship, statelessness and citizenship laws in India.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/nationality-acquisition-double-nationality-loss-of-nationality-and-statelessness\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Nationality: Acquisition, Double Nationality, Loss of Nationality and Statelessness","og_description":"Understand nationality under international law, its acquisition, loss, dual citizenship, statelessness and citizenship laws in India.","og_url":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/nationality-acquisition-double-nationality-loss-of-nationality-and-statelessness\/","og_site_name":"Legal Service India - Articles","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/legalservicesind","article_published_time":"2026-11-04T11:59:21+00:00","article_modified_time":"2026-11-04T12:02:57+00:00","author":"Md. Imran Wahab","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_creator":"@legalserviceind","twitter_site":"@legalserviceind","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Md. Imran Wahab","Est. reading time":"6 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/nationality-acquisition-double-nationality-loss-of-nationality-and-statelessness\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/nationality-acquisition-double-nationality-loss-of-nationality-and-statelessness\/"},"author":{"name":"Md. Imran Wahab","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/#\/schema\/person\/23f17916b2032842e5ccd9cb51dfc156"},"headline":"Nationality: Acquisition, Double Nationality, Loss of Nationality and Statelessness","datePublished":"2026-11-04T11:59:21+00:00","dateModified":"2026-11-04T12:02:57+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/nationality-acquisition-double-nationality-loss-of-nationality-and-statelessness\/"},"wordCount":1240,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/#organization"},"keywords":["International law"],"articleSection":["International law"],"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/nationality-acquisition-double-nationality-loss-of-nationality-and-statelessness\/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/nationality-acquisition-double-nationality-loss-of-nationality-and-statelessness\/","url":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/nationality-acquisition-double-nationality-loss-of-nationality-and-statelessness\/","name":"Nationality: Acquisition, Double Nationality, Loss of Nationality and Statelessness - Legal Service India - Articles","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/#website"},"datePublished":"2026-11-04T11:59:21+00:00","dateModified":"2026-11-04T12:02:57+00:00","description":"Understand nationality under international law, its acquisition, loss, dual citizenship, statelessness and citizenship laws in India.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/nationality-acquisition-double-nationality-loss-of-nationality-and-statelessness\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/nationality-acquisition-double-nationality-loss-of-nationality-and-statelessness\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/nationality-acquisition-double-nationality-loss-of-nationality-and-statelessness\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"International Law > Nationality in International Law: Meaning, Types, Acquisition and Loss Explained"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/","name":"Legal Service India - Law Articles","description":"Legal Service India - Law Article Directory is the oldest in India since 2000, with thousands of article written by lawyers, law Students and Scholars on all branches of law","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/#organization","name":"Legal Service India","url":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/logo-circle-1.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/logo-circle-1.png","width":105,"height":95,"caption":"Legal Service India"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/legalservicesind","https:\/\/x.com\/legalserviceind","https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/@LegalServiceIndia-lsi"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/#\/schema\/person\/23f17916b2032842e5ccd9cb51dfc156","name":"Md. Imran Wahab","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/avatars\/49\/1777837060-bpfull.jpg","url":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/avatars\/49\/1777837060-bpfull.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/wp-content\/uploads\/avatars\/49\/1777837060-bpfull.jpg","caption":"Md. Imran Wahab"},"description":"\ud83d\udc6e Md. Imran Wahab, IPS Inspector General of Police (IGP), Provisioning, West Bengal Md. Imran Wahab is a distinguished Indian Police Service officer with extensive experience in law enforcement, administration, prison management, and public service. He has held several senior positions in the West Bengal Police, Kolkata Police, and Barrackpore Police Commissionerate, and served as Special IG and IGP of Correctional Services, West Bengal. \ud83c\udf93 Academic Excellence: He holds degrees in Science, Arts, Law, and Business Administration, along with multiple postgraduate diplomas in specialised fields, including Human Rights, Psychology, Public Administration, and Disaster Management. He has also undergone specialised training at SVPNPA, IIM Ahmedabad, and in Singapore. \ud83d\udcda Author &amp; Research Scholar: He has authored Police Investigation &amp; Allied Matters and Alternative Dispute Resolution: Evolving Trends and Innovations. With over 1,000 articles to his credit, his research and writings cover law, policing, criminal justice, prison administration, politics, and international affairs. His contributions have appeared in reputed police and research journals. \ud83d\uddf3\ufe0f Election Management &amp; Leadership: As an Election Commission of India observer, he has contributed to election management across several Indian states. He has also chaired and served on recruitment boards for Kolkata Police and West Bengal Police. His professional interests span law, governance, correctional administration, international affairs, and management, reflecting a sustained commitment to institutional development, knowledge sharing, and public service.","url":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/author\/md-imranwahab\/"}]}},"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/35303","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/49"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=35303"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/35303\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":35418,"href":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/35303\/revisions\/35418"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=35303"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=35303"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.legalserviceindia.com\/Legal-Articles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=35303"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}