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Legal Service India - Law, Lawyers and Legal Resources

Legal Service India, Law, Lawyers and Legal Resources Indian lawyers Indian law firms An Excellent Portal on Indian legal services providing free Consultancy services through out India provided by thousands of lawyers and law firms all over India.

Lawyers Chat Online - Online Advice - Instant Legal Advice

Chat with a legal expert online and get instant legal advice from top lawyers in India absolutely free.

Find Top Lawyers in India - Advocates, Law Firms, Attorney Directory

Find top lawyers and law firms in India. Browse our directory of over 100,000 lawyers, advocates, and legal professionals across major Indian cities including Delhi, Mumbai, Bangalore, Chennai, and more.

Latest legal Articles written by imminent writers and legal experts - law library - legal Resourses

Find latest articles on law written by attorneys lawyers advocates and law students and scholars discussing legal aspects related to industries, businesses and individuals on.

Copyright Law in India - Copyright Office, Copyright act

Copyright law: Copyright in India, is a form of intellectual property protection granted under Indian law to the creators of original works of authorship such as literary, music,video,painting, photograph etc.

Copyright Registration India � Updated August 2025 | Online Process, Latest Copyright Laws And Procedure

Updated August 2025: Easily register your copyright online for books, cinematography, music, videos, art, scripts, and screenplays. Secure your creative work with hassle-free copyright registration.

Copyright of Cinematograph Films and Sound Recording - Video, Song, Film

Copyright Registration Certificate | Copyright Office, Govt of India

Scanned copy of an original copyright certificate issued by the Registrar of Copyrights, Government of India.

Music Composers' Copyright Rights in India

The copyright rights of music composers or lyricists can be overridden by the producer of a cinematograph film under provisions (b) and (c) of Section 17 of the Copyright Act in India.

Copyright Registration in India | Book, Website, Music, Software - Govt. Approved

Get copyright registration for books, websites, music, videos, software, and other creations in India. Authorized by the Ministry of Human Resource Development, Government of India. Call: 9891244487

Copyright Judgments in India

Detailed list and analysis of landmark copyright judgments in India, with explanations by legal experts.

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forms in India download all types of government office forms and legal forms for free, with filing guidelines, list of forms included are as follows ROC forms, Company Registration Forms, Reserve Bank Of India Forms Now available for free Download, Tax Forms, Arbitration, Copyright, Motor Vehicle, Partnership, Passport forms, Property agreements, Visa forms, eforms.

Great Leaders - World History - Historical Events - Today In History - Historical Moments - famous personalities

Biographies of the presedients of america,life and times of hitler,churchill,stalin and other great leaders of the world.

Famous Trials, Historical Cases and Court Room Humour, Jokes

Famous Trials that has transformed and shaped the present law,trials such as of Amistad Case by Doug Linder,An Account of Events in Salem,Amistad Case by Doug Linder,An Account of Events in Salem,Eichmann Trial,THE LEOPOLD AND LOEB TRIAL,Trials of Oscar Wilde,Chicago Seven Conspiracy Trial.

Top Law Colleges in India 2025 | Best Legal Institutes | International Law Schools (Updated 2025)

Top law colleges in India for 2025 (Updated)! Find leading institutes offering LLB, LLM, and specialized law programs. Includes links to major law schools in the UK, USA, Australia, and New Zealand. Start your legal career today.

Patent Law in India - Patent Registration Procedure - Patent Lawyers in India

Explore Patent Law in India, download patent forms, and understand the complete procedure for patent registration with help from expert patent lawyers.

Tax laws in India - GST, Filing Return, tax Forms, Compan, tax, Foreign Nationals tax, Tax lawyers

Tax laws in India: A complete guide to tax laws in India, issues such as Advance Ruling Under Vat Acts, income tax forms,income on salary, free download of tax forms, foreign tax, double taxation.

Court Room Humour

Court Room Humour: is a collection of laughter and humour happening in the court room in trying and intense monents before the Judge.

Public Interest Litigation

Public Interest Litigation: In Indian law, means litigation for the protection of public interest. It is litigation introduced in a court of law, not by the aggrieved party but by the court itself or by any other private party.

File Caveat in Supreme Court - Online Caveat Filing Instantly

Our legal Team will File Caveat in Supreme Court for you at within 24hrs of your request.

Divorce in Delhi - Online Divorce - Mutual Consent Divorce - Child Custody & Maintenance | Lawyers in Delhi [Updated August 2025]

Updated August 2025: Divorce by mutual consent is the fastest and easiest way to divorce in India. It requires only two court appearances, saving time and money.

Find Lawyers in Delhi - Top Lawyers, Advocates & Law Firms in Delhi

Find the best lawyers in Delhi for free legal advice, free Search top lawyers and experienced advocates specializing in divorce, criminal, corporate, and family law. Get expert legal solutions from trusted professionals.

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Lawyers in Chennai - Lawyer, Attorneys, advocates and Law Firm

Listings of lawyers in Chennai, best of lawyers are listed in the lawyers directory,send lawyers in Chennai your legal problem online for free.

Child Custody Laws in India - Hindu, Christian, and Special Marriage Act

Explore Child Custody laws in India covering Hindu, Christian, and Special Marriage Act provisions. Learn about custody rights, court procedures, and legal guidance.

Grounds of Divorce in India � Legal Rights & Provisions

Explore the 11 legal grounds for divorce in India, including 5 additional grounds available exclusively to women under the Divorce Act. Learn more from expert divorce lawyers.

Misuse of Anti Dowry Laws - The Other Side of the Coin

Misuse of Anti Dowry Laws - Dowry remains a social evil, but misuse of anti-dowry laws also affects innocent individuals.

Section 498 IPC: Women�s Rights & Family Law

Learn about Section 498 IPC, addressing exploitation of women, family law reforms, and legal remedies under Indian law.

Maintenance Under Hindu, Muslim, Christian and Parsi Laws

Maintenance under Hindu, Muslim, Christian and Parsi laws: The husband’s obligation to maintain his wife arises from marriage. Right to maintenance is part of personal law and also covered under CrPC, 1973.

Legal Advice in India - Divorce Consultancy Services, 48 hrs Guaranteed Response

legal Advice in India: Provided by experienced lawyers on matters related to Divorce, Marriage, custody, 498a, Domestic Violence, Child Custody, maintenance, alimony, Wills, Adoption

Muslim Law | Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

Muslim Law in India

Family Law | Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

Family laws related to Divorce, Marriage, Hindu law, Muslim law, Christian Law, Maintenance, Custody, 498a, Domestic violence are mentioned here

Family Laws - Hindu Law, Muslim Laws, Special Marriage Act, Divorce Advice, Marriage Registration, Divorce Lawyers in India

Information about Family Laws in India including Hindu Law, Muslim Laws, Special Marriage Act, Divorce Advice, Marriage Registration, and details about divorce lawyers.

Civil Law | Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

Civil Law articles related to CPC, and civil Justice system is mentioned here

How to file a Civil case as par CPC in India/Civil procedure Code - Civil laws - Civil Procedure Code

How to file a civil case as par Civil procedure code in India has been explained in detail here.

Consumer laws | Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

Consumer laws in India

Consumer laws in India - Consumer Lawyers - National Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission - NCDRC

Consumer laws in India: Consumer rights are rights given to a consumer to protect him/her from being cheated by salesman manufacturer. Consumer protection laws are designed to ensure fair trade competition and the free flow of truthful information in the marketplace

Jurisprudence | Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

Jurisprudence or legal theory is the theoretical study of law, principally by philosophers

Reservation laws | Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

Reservation laws: ST,SC and OBC related articles

RTI | Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

RTI Right to Information Act Related articles

Constitutional law | Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

Constitutional law contains articles on our Constitution and various amendments

Constitutional law - Constitution of India, Indian Judicial process

Constitutional laws: Thousands of legal Resourses on constitution, Constitutional laws with a view to its implications in Indian courts and Judicial process in India

Transfer of Petition in India - File Transfer of Petition in Supreme Court

Learn how to file a Transfer of Petition in India under Section 25 CPC. Understand Supreme Court petition transfer procedures, rules, and legal provisions.

Right to Abortion in India - legal right to Terminate pregnancy

Abortion as a Human Right,It is a womans individual rights, right to her life, to her liberty, and to the pursuit of her happiness, that

Woman Law | Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

Laws Related to Woman, Such as Domestic violence, Sexual harassment, Woman Protection Bills etc

Women Issues and laws - Gender Inequality,Women's rights, Sexual Harrasment, lawyers

Woman laws: womans struggle for legal equality,Gender Inequality, Womens rights, Sexual Harrasment, domestic Violence is discussed here.

Supreme Court | Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

Articles related to Public interest litigation, Special leave petition, Judicial review etc are listed here

Case laws | Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

Criminal case laws are listed here

Indian Courts - Daily Judgments - Cause lists - Bare Acts - Supreme Court Judgments for free downloads

Supreme Court Judgments for free downloads, Indian Judiciary, Information regarding Cause lists, court orders, court websites, daily orders

Trademark Registration in Pune, Mumbai, Delhi, Chennai & Kolkata

Get professional assistance for trademark registration in Pune, Mumbai, Delhi, Chennai, and Kolkata. File your mark with the Controller General of Patents, Designs and Trademarks, Ministry of Commerce and Industry, Government of India.

Intellectual Property Law | Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

Intellectual Property Law section covers articles related to Copyright law, Patent, Trademark, industrial Design

Trademark laws In India - Trademark Registration in India - Delhi Trademark lawyers

Trade mark Registration in India, A Trade Mark is a visual symbol in the form of a word , a device ,or a label applied to articles of commerce with a view to indicate to the purchasing public

Drug Laws | Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

Drug Laws

Medico-Legal: Medical Jurisprudence, Clinical Trials & Organ Transplantation in India

Explore medico-legal aspects in India � covering Medical Jurisprudence, Clinical Trials, Foreign Drugs, Organ Transplantation, Abortion laws, Forensic Science, and Human Cloning.

Medico-Legal | Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

Medico-Legal

Banking & Finance laws | Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

Banking & Finance laws covers Articles related to banking sector and Financial laws including stock market laws and regulations, RBI Sebi etc

Cheque Bounce laws, Negotiable Instruments, banking laws,lawyers

Checque laws: laws related to Cheque Bounce, Negotiable Instruments,banking laws in India are extesnively discussed here by eminent legal scholars

Third Party Insurance in India

Third Party Insurance: In India, under the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988, it is mandatory for every vehicle to have valid insurance to drive on the road.

An Analysis of Law Relating to Accident Claims in India

Accident Claims in India: Understanding negligence, actionable wrongs, and the rights of victims and their legal representatives under Indian law.

Insurance laws | Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

Insurance laws covers research articles related health insurance, motor vehicles insurance etc

Election Laws | Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

Laws Related to Election and election Commission

Environmental Law | Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

Environmental Law covers all topics related to Climate Change, Global warming etc

Environment Protection Laws in the British Era

Explore Environment Protection Laws in the British Era: Learn about historic acts, legal frameworks, and early environmental legislation in India.

Wild life Protection: Legislative and Judicial Response

Wild life Protection: Wild life means the plants, animals, and insects etc., which are usually found in forests. In India, a long time back an attempt was made to save wildlife by way of enacting Indian Forest Act, 1927

Animal Laws | Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

Animal Laws, wild life Protection act

Human Rights Courts in India

Human Rights Courts in India: The Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993 establishes Human Rights Courts for speedy trial of offences arising from human rights violations.

Human Rights | Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

laws related to Human Rights are mentioned here

Register in India's Top Lawyers Directory – Best Choice for Lawyers & Law Firms

Register your law firm or legal practice in India's top lawyers directory. Boost your visibility, connect with clients, and grow your legal practice online with ease.

Legal Profession | Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

Articles related to Legal Profession, Bar Council, Advocates Act, etc

Special Leave Petition (SLP) in India - Procedure & Article 136 Explained

Learn how to file a Special Leave Petition (SLP) under Article 136 of the Constitution of India. Understand the process, requirements, and cost-effective legal guidance for filing SLP in Supreme Court.

Stamp Duty - Calculator

Calculate stamp duty for all states in India with our easy-to-use Stamp Duty Calculator.

Latin Legal Maxims

Latin maxims and legal phrases used in Indian courts are mentioned here with explanation on each latin legal term

Famous Quotes - famous Sayings - Memorable Quotations

famous quotes and saying by famous personalities over the centuries that have help shaped History and civilasation is mentioned here

Effects of Conversion on Marriage and Divorce

Effects of Conversion on Personal Laws: Conversion may lead to automatic dissolution of marriage, provide grounds for divorce to the non-convert or the convert.

Copyright of Originality in Literary Work - Translation, Adaptation, Abridgment, and Name Protection

Explore copyright protection in literary works, including translation, adaptation, abridgment, and the protection of names. Understand the author's legal rights and the extent of originality required for copyright in India.

Media laws | Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

Laws Related to Print, Audio and Visual media

Media Laws - An Overview

Explore the history and evolution of Media Laws in India, from colonial Press Regulations of 1799 to modern legal frameworks shaping mass media.

Property laws | Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

Property laws in India

Land Laws | Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

Land Laws related Articles

Cyber Laws in India - IT Act, Cyber Lawyers, Artificial Intelligence Laws

Comprehensive guide to Cyber Laws in India: IT Act, Software Licensing, Cyber Crimes, Data Protection, Privacy, Cyber Forensics, Artificial Intelligence and emerging digital regulations.

Technology laws | Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

Technology laws in India

Cyber Law | Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

Laws governing Cyberspace, computer and Internet

Tax laws | Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

Tax laws in India

Company laws in India - Guide to Register a company in India, Download company law Forms

Company laws in India: a complete guide to company law, Statutes, judgements, case laws, ROC rules, Corporate law

Partnership Firms in India - Contracts, Torts, Commonly asked questions on partnership firms

Partnership laws: Commonly asked questions on partnership firms, Laws of Partnership in India, Contract laws and Torts laws in India

Company law | Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

Company law Discusses articles on Company laws, ROC laws, NCLT and NCLAT

Immigration Law in India - Visa, Passport, PIO, Citizenship

Immigration Law in India: various laws related to immigration, Visa, Passport, PIO, citizenship, foregin tourists are discussed here in detail.

Immigration Law | Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

Immigration Laws, Visas, Passport, PIO, Citizenship etc

Lok Adalats - Legal Aid - Public Interest Litigation (PIL) - Lawyers

Lok Adalats in India: Thes are fast track courts set up in India to quickly dispose off, cases by bringing both parties to a consensus.

Lok Adalat | Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

Lok Adalat related articles can be perused here

Criminal Laws - Evidence Act, Criminal Procedure Code, Indian Penal Code, Criminal Lawyer

Criminal Laws: A complete guide to criminal laws in India, including Evidence Act, IPC, CrPC, forensic science, bail, trials, and witness examination.

Criminal Law | Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

Criminal Law Covers Articles related to Crpc, Evidence Act, Indian Penal Code, the criminal justice system process.

First Information Report - FIR under IPC

First Information Report: Information recorded by a police officer based on a complaint by the aggrieved or any person regarding an alleged offence.

Judicial Approach to Pensionary Benefits for Army Personnel Dismissed Under the Army Act | Army Laws

Judicial approach to pensionary benefits for Army personnel dismissed under the Army Act, analyzing Pension Regulations for the Army, 1961 and key case law in India.

Army laws | Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

Articles related to Army laws in India

Personal Laws | Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

Personal laws related to Islamic law, Christian law, Hindu law etc

Employment Law | Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

Employment Law in India with related laws Gratuity Act 1972

Arbitration Law | Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

Arbitration Law section provides for information and study research materials on Arbitration Law including International Arbitration.

Education Law | Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

Education Laws in India

Torts Law | Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

The Law of Torts discussed here

International law | Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

International law, International court of Justice, United Nations etc

Foreign laws | Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

Law Articles form various Countries around the world

Homosexuality: Understanding Basic Facets of Human Sexuality

Explore homosexuality and basic facets of human sexuality, including same-sex attraction, behavior, and societal perspectives.

Third Gender | Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

Third Gender Laws relates to laws and social Rights concerning eunuchs and LGBT in India

Miscellaneous Laws | Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

Miscellaneous Laws in India

Will Registration in India � Make a Valid Will Easily | Wills and Codicils (Updated 2025)

Learn how to register your will in India. Step-by-step guidance on creating valid wills, understanding codicils, probate, and Indian succession laws. Ensure your last wishes are legally recognized.

Supreme courts - High Courts around the world - Law Courts - Temple of Justice

Supreme courts and High Courts around the world are listed here for quick reference

Maintenance Under Christian Law

Section 36. Alimony pendente lite. In any suit under this Act, whether instituted by a husband or wife, and whether or not she has obtained an order of protection, the wife may present a petition for expenses of the proceedings and alimony pending the suit.

Copyright Office (Registrar of Copyright in India)

The Copyright Office, headed by the Registrar of Copyrights, administers provisions of the Copyright Act in India, including registration of books, music, films, software, photography, and other creative works.

Sports Law | Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

Sports law in India

Juvenile Law | Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

Juvenile Laws in India

Minorities Rights

Minorities Rights: Article 30(1) refers to linguistic or religious minorities. The use of 'or' indicates that a minority can be either linguistic or religious; it does not need to be both.

Administrative Law | Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

Laws related to Administrative Law

Political | Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

issues which are political in nature are listed here

Traffic Laws | Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

Traffic Laws include Motor Vehicle laws, Car insurance, road safety etc

Maritime Law | Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

Maritime Laws in India

Contract laws in India - Indian Contract Act, 1872

Contract laws in India: Contract as an agreement enforceable by law which offers personal rights, and imposes personal obligations, which the law protects and enforces against the parties to the agreement.

law Bookstore - Online Law bookshop - Download law books - Best sellers

Law Books on sale at competitive prices, law books on all brunches of law such as Administrative Law, Business,Constitutional Law,Criminal Law,Dictionary and Terminology,Family and Health Law,Children, Divorce Separation, Domestic Relations, Health Law,General,Intellectual Property,International Law,Labor and Employment Law,Procedures and Litigation,Court Rules, Litigation,Taxation,Estates Trusts, General

Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

Discover expert legal articles by top lawyers, advocates, law students, and scholars. Explore trending topics in constitutional law, civil law, criminal law, divorce law, legal rights, court rulings, legal advice, and case studies. Stay updated with the latest legal insights!

Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

Download Patent Registration forms

Download Patent Registration forms in India...

File Caveat in Supreme Court - Online Caveat Filing Instantly

Our legal Team will File Caveat in Supreme Court for you at within 24hrs of your request.

Sexual Harassment and Rape Laws in India

An overview of sexual harassment and rape laws in India, covering legal provisions, case studies, and victim rights, along with penalties for offenders.

Right to Employment of Disabled Persons in India - Disability Law

Right to Employment of Disabled Persons in India: Human rights guarantee equal opportunity and protection under disability law ensuring inclusion and dignity.

Legal Protection of Websites - Get your website protected as par law - Copyright Website

You have created a wonderful website, you are ready to release it. Now wait a moment before you do that, are you sure your creative work won't be copied or have you created an illegal website or is your website sufficiently protected from being targets of unnecessary litigations.....

Passport Applications in all Passport offices, District Passport Centers and Speed Post Centers

Downloaded forms are valid for making Passport Applications in all Passport offices, District Passport Centers and Speed Post Centers..

Divorce Laws in India - Expert Divorce Lawyers

Divorce laws in India allow either spouse to petition for divorce on various grounds such as adultery, cruelty, desertion, conversion, mental disorder, and more. Learn about your legal rights and consult top divorce lawyers.

Arbitration law in India - Arbitration Forms - Pre-Litigation Mediation

Arbitration law in India and Arbitration Forms and Pre-Litigation Mediation in Delhi High Court

Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

Ad Page - Buy SEO-Friendly Ad Page with PR Ranking 5

Boost your site's SEO and Google ranking with a dedicated Ad page offering exclusive backlinks and instant visibility.

See Jesus Live - Jesus Christ

See Jesus Christ Live right in front of you exclusively at Legal Service India.

Registration of Foreigners in India - Immigration laws in India - FRRO/FRO

Registration is required for a foreigner who enters India on a long term i.e.Student, Research, Employment, Missionary, Medical, Medical Attendant Visa should register within 14 days.

Universal Declaration of Human Rights

Universal Declaration of Human Rights: Whereas recognition of the inherent dignity and of the equal and inalienable rights of all members of the human family is the foundation of freedom, justice and peace in the world

Online Law Library in India - Legal Research, Legal Resources, Law Journal & Case Studies

India�s largest free online law library offering comprehensive resources for legal research on family law, cyber law, constitutional law, consumer protection, insurance, entertainment law, e-commerce, and more. Trusted by legal professionals since 2000.

Lawyers in New York - NY Law Firms - Attorneys - New York

Connect instantly with lawyers in New York City for all your legal needs. Get free initial online advice from experienced attorneys.

Divorce by Mutual Consent in India - Divorce Lawyers in India

A consent decree per se in matrimonial matters is not collusive. Section 13B of the Act signifies that divorce by mutual consent is no longer foreign to Indian law.

Legal Rights of Street Traders in India - Hawkers And Vendors

Explore the legal rights of street traders in India, including hawkers and vendors. Understand street trade laws, rights, and protections under Indian law.

How to file a Consumer Complaint - Consumer laws In India, Consumer lawyers, Advocates

Consumer Complaint: a step by step guide to filing a consumer complaint in the Consumer Forum, State District forum has been explained here.

About Legal Service India – Free Legal Advice, Law Articles & Lawyer Directory

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Sitemap - Legal Service India | Complete Legal Resources Directory

Explore the full sitemap of Legal Service India — your complete guide to legal topics, lawyers, articles, forms, forums, and Indian law resources.

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Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

Lawyer in Chandigarh - Lawyers, Attorneys, advocates and Law Firm

lawyers in Chandigarh, best of lawyers are listed in the lawyers directory,send lawyers in Chandigarh your legal problem online for free.

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Lawyers in Ludhiana - Top Advocates & Law Firms Directory

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Lawyers in Dimapur - Kohima Lawyer, Advocates and Law Firm

Listings of lawyers and law firms in Dimapur, Kohima best of lawyers to solve all your legal issues related to divorce, crime, property, christian law, cheque bounce etc,send your legal problem online for free.

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Adultery Law in India - Grounds for Divorce | Lawyers

Adultery law in India: Direct proof is difficult; circumstantial evidence may be sufficient to infer adultery as a ground for divorce.

The Muslim Personal Law (Shariat) Application Act, 1937 - Shariat Law

Comprehensive overview of the Muslim Personal Law (Shariat) Application Act, 1937 covering marriage, divorce, inheritance, and property rights among Muslims in India.

The Domestic Violence Act, 2005 � Constitutional Perspectives

Analysis of the Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act, 2005 � constitutional issues, remedies, landmark cases and practical guidance.

Law Journal - Legal Resourses - law library - legal Writers - law Editors - case laws

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Copyright Act of 1957 - Copyright Laws - Government of India Acts

complete text of Copyright Act of 1957 has been published here for free download and readable version.

Berne Convention Countries List – International Copyright Validity & Copyright Registration Guide 2025

Explore the updated 2025 list of Berne Convention member countries. Learn how copyright registered in India is recognized internationally under the Berne Convention framework.

Does Perfume Smell Have Its Own Copyright?

Explore whether the scent of a perfume can be protected by copyright law. Understand how intellectual property rights apply to fragrances and the legal implications surrounding them.

Copyright Protection on Reports of Judicial Proceedings - Head Notes - Commentaries

YouTube Case - Copyright Infringement & Delhi High Court Injunction

YouTube Case: The Delhi High Court passed an interim injunction against YouTube and Google over business practices involving copyright infringement, brought by T-Series.

Title of Films and Books

Title of Films and Books: infringement of a trademark is frequent. People at all levels are adopting a trademark which is deceptively similar to a trademark of the other. With the advancement of trade and commerce and the passage of time, various IP issues have come up.

Copyright Protection on Historical Books, Facts, Lectures, and Letters

Detailed explanation on how to obtain copyright protection on historical books, historical facts, lectures, and letters in India.

Copyright Protection for Graphical User Interface

Copyright Protection for Graphical User Interface: The user interface of a software program is the means through which the user communicates with the program. In its short history, user interface technology

Software Copyright - Software Registration Laws in India

Complete guide on software copyright laws in India, covering protection from piracy, duration, registration procedure, validity, and infringement.

Prosecution for Infringement of Copyright under Copyright Act

Learn about prosecution for infringement of copyright under the Copyright Act, its origins, legal provisions, and remedies available.

Internet Linking - Stride of Copyright With Technology

Explore how internet linking impacts copyright law as technology evolves, balancing innovation with protection of literary and artistic works.

Copyright and the Language of Property

Over-zealous copyright laws adversely affect consumer and creator freedoms, limiting fair use of copyrighted material.

Right of Ownership under Indian Copyright Law

Explore the right of ownership under Indian copyright law, based on the Indian Copyright Act of 1914, influenced by the UK Copyright Act of 1911.

How to File a Copyright Infringement Case in India

Explained in detail: The entire Court procedure to file a Copyright Infringement Case in India. How to institute the suit.

Copyright | Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

Laws Governing Infringement of Copyright in India

Copyright law confers upon the owner of the work a bundle of exclusive rights in respect of the reproduction of the work and other acts which enables the owner to get financial benefits by exercising such rights.

Intellectual Property and Traditional Knowledge

Intellectual Property and Traditional Knowledge: Traditional knowledge forms an integral part of the identity of many indigenous communities. These knowledge systems, often passed down through generations, are at risk of exploitation without proper intellectual property protection.

Copyright Infringement through Internet - Digital Piracy and Legal Remedies

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Legal Effect of Dismissal In Limine of a Special Leave Petition

Explore the legal effect of dismissal in limine of a Special Leave Petition, Supreme Court principles, and how respondents can support judgments even on grounds found against them.

Copyright in Judgments: Judicial Standing in India

Understand copyright in judgments in India with references to the Indian Copyright Act, 1957, and related legal provisions.

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Data Protection Law in India: Needs and Current Position

Explore Data Protection Law in India: its need, current position, and impact on e-commerce, IT, and outsourcing industries.

Intellectual Property: Driving Economic Growth in India

Explore how intellectual property (IP) fuels economic growth, innovation, and development across health, education, agriculture, and technology sectors in India.

Intellectual Theft: An Essay on Plagiarism

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Arbitration - Agreement of Reference To A Common Arbitrator

Agreement of Reference To A Common Arbitrator

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Arbitration Agreement Between Three Partners

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As the world began to see peace initiative after the end of the catastrophic Second World War, the new power blocs started to polarize the Mother Earth into spheres of influence.

The Worlds Most Notorious Villains - Tamerlane - Ivan the Terrible - Joseph Stalin - Adolph Hitler - Mao Zedong - Idi Amin

The Worlds Most Notorious Villains: Tamerlane, Ivan the Terrible, Robespierre, Joseph Stalin, Adolph Hitler, Mao Zedong, Francois Duvalier, Nicolae Ceausescu, Idi Amin, Pol Pot

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Complete Biography of Mahatma Gandhi Indian Spiritual-Political Leader and Humanitarian 1869 - 1948.

Biography - Washington George - John Fitzgerald Kennedy - Abraham Lincoln

Biography of Washington, George, John Fitzgerald Kennedy and Abraham Lincoln.

Presidents Of United States - Thomas Jefferson - Theodore Roosevelt - Franklin Delano Roosevelt - Richard Milhous Nixon

Biography of the Presidents of the United states of america, Thomas Jefferson,Theodore Roosevelt,Franklin Delano Roosevelt,Richard Milhous Nixon.

Biography of James Earl Carter, Jr., Ronald Wilson Reagan, William Jefferson Clinton - Top Ten Most Notorious Despots

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An account of the significant events that took place around the world between 1910 to 1949 which shaped the present world order.

Unsung Heroes

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Famous Trials - Leopold And Loeb Trial - Big Bill - Steunenbergs assassination

Famous Trials Discussed herein are The Leopold And Loeb Trial, Big Bill and Steunenbergs assassination .

famous Trials - The Trials of Oscar Wilde and The Trial of Orenthal James Simpson

The Trials of Oscar Wilde and The Trial of Orenthal James Simpson.

Historical Cases

Rock Against Racism sponsored an annual concert in Central Park. After the concert produced complaints about noise, and after several other attempts to control the sound failed.

Famous Trials of The Amistad Case by Doug Linder and Events in Salem

The Amistad Case by Doug Linder and An Account of Events in Salem.

Famous Trials - The Eichmann Trial-Scottsboro Trial-The Trial of Charles I, 1649-The Trial Of Louis XVI

Famous Trials that has transformed and shaped the present law such as The Eichmann Trial, Scottsboro Trial, The Trial of Charles I, 1649, The Trial Of Louis XVI� have been discussed here.

Eexecution of 38 Sioux at Mankato, Minnesota on December 26, 1862, The Chicago Seven Conspiracy Trial and Lieutenant William Calley

The execution of 38 Sioux at Mankato, Minnesota on December 26, 1862, The Chicago Seven Conspiracy Trial and Lieutenant William Calley .

KK Modi Vs KN Modi - (1998 AIR SC 1297)

KK Modi Vs KN Modi (1998 AIR SC 1297): Landmark Supreme Court case on arbitration agreements, tribunal authority, and binding effect on parties.

Company Law Board v. Arbitral Tribunal: A Tussle For Jurisdiction

Analysis of Company Law Board v. Arbitral Tribunal, focusing on Sections 8(1) and 45 of the Arbitration Act and the resulting jurisdictional controversy.

L. C. Golaknath v. State of Punjab – Initial Stage of Judicial Activism

L. C. Golaknath v. State of Punjab: Landmark case marking the initial stage of judicial activism, ruling that Parliament cannot curtail Fundamental Rights.

Power of Indian Courts to Issue Garnishee Order

Explore the power of Indian courts to issue Garnishee Orders under CPC. Learn about Order 21 Rule 46A, contingent debt, and garnishee proceedings.

Supreme Court: The Final Pedestal for Justice

The Supreme Court is the ultimate seat of justice in India, ensuring legal fairness and the enforcement of laws across the nation.

Case Comment on SK. Shukla v. State of Uttar Pradesh

SK. Shukla v. State of Uttar Pradesh: Legislature must perform its essential functions of law-making, determining policies, and enacting rules of conduct.

Peter Scott or Scotch - Deceptive Similarity in Trademark Laws

An analysis of the Supreme Court of India's judgment in �Khoday Distilleries Limited vs. The Scotch Whisky Association�. This article examines the tests for deceptive similarity in trademark laws.

The State of Madras vs. Smt. Champakam Dorairajan

The State of Madras vs. Smt. Champakam Dorairajan: On November 25, 1949, Dr BR Ambedkar sounded a grave warning in the Constituent Assembly

Waman Rao Vs Union of India - Certaining the Uncertainty - An Analysis

Waman Rao Vs Union of India: There was an Act called Maharashtra Agricultural Lands (Ceiling on Holdings) Act 1962, hereinafter referred as the Act, imposed a ceiling on agricultural lands

BMW Case - A Massive Judicial Failure

BMW Case: On the evening of 30th May, two senior advocates—I.U. Khan, Special Public Prosecutor in the BMW case, and R.K. Anand, defending main accused Sanjeev Nanda, son of former Navy Chief—were caught in a sting operation.

Judicial Review of Supreme Court Judgment on IX Schedule of the Constitution

Analysis of the Supreme Court judgment on the IX Schedule of the Constitution, exploring judicial review and the basic structure doctrine from Keshavananda Bharati case.

I. R. Cohelo Vs. State of Tamil Nadu: Relating To 9th Schedule Under Indian Constitution

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The Lockerbie Incident Cases: Judicial Review By The ICJ

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Bhatia International v. Bulk Trading S.A. (2002) 4 SCC 105

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Salem Advocates Bar Association v. Union of India

Detailed analysis of Salem Advocates Bar Association v. Union of India: case on amendments to the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 by the Acts of 1999 and 2002.

Backlog of Cases - Problem and Solution

India faces the world's largest backlog of cases. Over three crore cases are pending, with 52,000 in the Supreme Court and 40 lakh in High Courts.

Priya Patel v/s State of M.P

Priya Patel v/s State of M.P: The only celebrated case discussing whether a woman can be prosecuted for gang rape.

I.R. Coelho v. State of Tamil Nadu: A Judicial Challenge

I.R. Coelho v. State of Tamil Nadu: The nine-judge Bench led by Justice Y.K. Sabharwal delivered a unanimous verdict on 11.1.2007.

Hutch Vodafone Merger: Key Tax Planning Implications

Hutch Vodafone Merger: Landmark case impacting India's M&A landscape and tax planning under Section 195.

Vishakha Judgement - sexual harassment at workplace

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Danial Latifi v. Union of India

Danial Latifi v. Union of India: Under Islamic law maintenance or Nafaqa or Nafqa arise out of three reasons marriage, relations and property.

Om Prakash v. State of U.P. � Was it Really a Landmark Judgment?

Om Prakash v. State of U.P.: An analysis on whether the judgment truly qualifies as a landmark in sexual assault jurisprudence.

The Shah Bano Mandate: The Need For Revival

The Shah Bano Mandate: Supreme Court in the case of Mohd. Ahmed Khan v. Shah Bano Begum, which gave way to controversies in the Muslim world.

Kapila Hingorani v. State of Bihar - Judicial Profligacy or Philanthropy

Our constitution, which is arguably the largest written constitution in the world, expressly provides for the proliferating chapter of fundamental Rights and lays down the Directive Principles of State Policy

Stellar Vs. Sophia

two landmark decisions of the Indian Judiciary - CIT Vs.�Stellar Investment Limited 164 CTR 287 (SC) and CIT Vs. Sophia Finance Limited (1993) 205 ITR 98 Delhi (FB)

De Penning v/s Coramandal Indag Products

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State of Bihar v. Bihar Pensioner Samaj

An analysis of the State of Bihar v. Bihar Pensioner Samaj, highlighting legal aspects possibly overlooked by the Honorable Supreme Court—acknowledging the human element in judicial decision-making.

Bihar Assembly Dissolution Case

The Supreme Court's detailed judgment in Rameshwar Prasad And Others v. Union of India (January 24, 2006) declared the dissolution of the Bihar Assembly illegal and unconstitutional, establishing far-reaching constitutional principles.

S. R. Bommai v. Union of India

S. R. Bommai v. Union of India: A Key to Presidential Proclamation under Article 356 of Constitution of India

M.C. Mehta v. Union of India - Article 12 of the Constitution

M.C. Mehta v. Union of India: Examining the scope and ambit of the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court under Article 32, with applications for compensation by the Delhi Legal Aid and Advice Board and the Delhi Bar Association.

Nobel prize Winners - Alfred Nobel - India

Alfred Nobel left a legacy promoting peace and achievement, yet he made his fortune from a weapon of war. The son of an arms manufacturer, Nobel was a chemical engineer with an interest in explosives. He discovered how to stabilize nitroglycerine, named it

Jokes and Court Room Humour - Advocates Jokes

Advocates Jokes: Jokes and Court humour exclusively submitted by our viewers ,these are original piece of art.

Advocates Jokes and laughter in India

Law Jokes: the Humour side of a rather serious legal profession has been collected here for creating a light moment.

Court Room Humour - legal Jokes in India

legal Jokes: unedited and exclusively presented before you the lighter side of the legal profession

Advocate Comedy in India

Lawyers Jokes: lawyers do crack Jokes to release the tension beofre a criminal trial here is a list of such laughter moments

National Company Law Tribunal - NCLT - NCLAT

National Company Law Tribunal - NCLT: Filing of petition, appeals etc in National Company Law Tribunal call at ph no: 9650499965

ILS Law College - Pune University - 3 years and 5 Years LLB course

ILS Law College: One of Indias Top law College, located in Pune, It has produced eminent law scholars, Judges and Senior Advocates

National Law School of India University Bangalore - 3 years and 5 Years LLB course - NLSUI Bangalore

National Law School of India University (Bangalore: NLSUI Bangalore is rated as one of the Best LLB institute in India, The school has an intake of around 80 students in 5 years law course, 40 in LLM and 40 in its, recently introduced, Masters of Public Policy.

West Bengal National University of Juridical Sciences - WBNUJS

The West Bengal National University of Juridical Sciences was established under the WBNUJS Act, 1999 (West Bengal Act IX of 1999) adopted by the West Bengal Legislature in July, 1999.

National Law University (Jodhpur) - 3 years and 5 Years LLB course

The National Law University, Jodhpur is an institution of national prominence established under the National Law University, Jodhpur, Act, 1999

National Law Institute University Bhopal -NLIU- 3 years and 5 Years LLB course

National Law Institute University Bhopal: Develop NLIU as a Center of Excellence in Legal Education, Training and Research, Develop and nurture the intellects for the betterment of the nation and humanity through law and justice

Symbiosis Law School - Symbiosis International University - 3 years and 5 Years LLB course

Symbiosis Law School: Innovative and creative educational experiments have set it apart from other law colleges in the city and the region.

National Law University, Delhi - 3 years and 5 Years LLB course

National Law University, Delhi:A world � class university in the making, we have always looked to set the benchmark not just in academics but in extracurricular activities as well.

The National Law University and Judicial Academy, Assam - NLUJA - 3 years and 5 Years LLB course

The National Law University and Judicial Academy, Assam - NLUJA: Is Premier law College of Assam has a proven history of academic success and achievements since its inception the law college is one of the most sought after colleges of North East India in terms of quality education, faculty members, sports, and other modern facilities

ICFAI University of Law, Hyderabad - 3 years and 5 Years LLB course

ICFAI University of Law, Hyderabad: ICFAI University of Law, Hyderabad provides for a distinct, qualitative and rigorous graduation program that can motivate and prepare the students for a challenging legal profession is the major mission for Our Law Schools of academic excellence

Lloyd Law College, Greater Noida - 3 years and 5 Years LLB course

Lloyd Law College: Lloyd Law College, Greater Noida has been set up to provide prospective law students with quality education coupled with the best practical knowledge.

ITM Law School - 3 years and 5 Years LLB course

ITM Law School: is a next generation Law School established with the object of providing world class legal education

Jogesh Chandra Chaudhuri College of Law - 3 years and 5 Years LLB course

Jogesh Chandra Chaudhuri College of Law: The College is independently registered with the Bar Council of India and is eligible to admit students for imparting 5 year B.A,.LL.B. Course

Shillong Law College - 3 years and 5 Years LLB course

Shillong Law College: The laws College is Considered the most popular law college in North East India

Madhusudan Law College - Cuttack - 3 years and 5 Years LLB course

Madhusudan Law College, Cuttack is one of the oldest and premier Law College in the State of Odisha, established in 1869 in 1881, the Degree course in Bachelor of Law was introduced and continued to run till 1908.

Harvard Law School - 3 years and 5 Years LLB course

Harvard law school: Harvard Law School offers an energetic and creative learning environment, a diverse and dedicated faculty whose expertise spans a broad array of legal subjects and a student body that comes from every state in the U.S. and more than 70 countries around the world

Cornell Law School - 3 years and 5 Years LLB course

Cornell Law School: Cornell Law School excels not only in scholarly productivity, but also in teaching ability and approach to legal education that encourages collaboration and interdisciplinary study

Stanford Law School - 3 years and 5 Years LLB course

Stanford Law School: law school had created many new opportunities for its students to specialize and get involved in community projects. Indian Students can Get admission in this prestegious college check how

University of Pittsburgh School of Law - 3 years and 5 Years LLB course

University of Pittsburgh School of Law Indian students can get admission here complete details given

Nottingham Law School - Indian Students

Nottingham Law School: Nottingham Law School has a long history of innovative course design and teaching. Our aim is to be the leader in legal research, education and training in our chosen fields.

Oxford Law School - Indian Students

Oxford Law School: Oxford has the largest law faculty in the United Kingdom, with 90 members who hold University posts (with or without college duties), with more than 50 other Faculty members.

Cambridge University Faculty of Law - Indian Students

Cambridge University Faculty of Law: Law has been studied and taught in Cambridge since the thirteenth century, when the core subjects of legal study in all European universities were Civil law the law of ancient Rome and the Canon law of the Church.

University of Aberdeen - Indian law Students in Aberdeen

University of Aberdeen - law School: has a long tradition of teaching law: it was over five hundred years ago that Bishop William Elphinstone first established a faculty of law at King's College.

Sydney Law School - Open to Indian Students

Sydney Law School Established in 1855, the Sydney Law School has made a significant contribution to the Australian judiciary, politics and public life.

Murdoch Law School - Indian Students Admission open

Murdoch Law School: is to provide a rigorous and intellectually challenging legal education to its students. Murdoch Law School strives to combine a tradition of excellence in legal education

University of Canterbury School of Law - Students From India

University of Canterbury School of Law: founded in 1873, is well established as one of the leading research and teaching Law Schools in New Zealand.

University of Cape Town - faculty of law - Indian Students

University of Cape Town - faculty of law: has a sizable Indian student population Gtaduating from this law college learn more.

University of New Brunswick Law School - Canadas Great Small Law School - Indian Students

University of New Brunswick Law School: Canadas great small law school

Queens Faculty of Law - Indian Students

Queens Faculty of Law: The words of the motto of the Faculty of Law at Queens University, Soit droit fait Let right be done, represent both creation of new law and dedication to the traditional values of the legal order.

The Schulich School of Law - Law Students from India

The Schulich School of Law at Dalhousie University has a rich history and an incredibly bright future. The School, which was established in 1883

University of Alberta - Faculty of Law - Students from India

University of Alberta - Faculty of Law: is a dynamic institution. Our faculty members are leaders in teaching and research. Where better to study law than in the faculty where the professors write the books that everyone else uses

Western Law - Indian Students

Western Law: The Faculty of Law at Western was founded in 1959. Our founding Dean was the Honorable Ivan Cleveland Rand, one of the towering figures in Canadian legal history and, though we are now in our fifth decade

East China University of Political Science and Law - Students from india

East China University of Political Science and Law: which has a long history, is the most large-scaled education institution within the university and it also remains the largest law institution in China.

University of Athens - Faculty of Law - Indian Students

University of Athens - Faculty of Law: The Law School, which together with Theology, Medicine and Philosophy formed the core of the University of Athens, founded in 1837 during the reign of Otto and has since nurtured

Graduate School of Law - Aichi University - Indian Students

Graduate School of Law - Aichi University: With its long-standing history of achievements, Aichi University has been sending out law specialists who can contribute to the local community.

National University of Singapore Faculty of Law - Indian Students

National University of Singapore Faculty of Law: NUS Law is Asia�s Global Law School. Widely regarded as the region's leading law school, we also see ourselves as part of a global conversation about the study and practice of law.

Patentability Criteria of An Invention And When It Is Not Granted

Patentability Criteria: The Patents Act, 1970 does not defines what a patent is, instead it just says that a patent means a patent for any invention granted under the Act, which does not gives a clear picture about the meaning of the term Patent.

Challenges to India�s Patent Regime: Pharma Industry

Explore the challenges of India�s patent regime in the pharma industry, including TRIPS compliance, Novartis case, and pharmaceutical manufacturing impacts.

Whether Patent Law Protects Biotechnological Inventions

Explore how the Indian Patent Law addresses biotechnological inventions, the scope of protection for pharmaceutical companies, and the ethical debates around patenting genetic material.

Software Patenting

Software Patenting: The concept of intellectual property in India over the last few years has taken on some epic proportions for a number of reasons.

Pharmaceutical Product Patents

Explore the legal framework and significance of Pharmaceutical Product Patents�exclusive rights granted for new inventions or improvements in drug manufacturing.

Patenting Recent Biotechnological Inventions

Explore the evolution and legal aspects of patenting biotechnological inventions, from recombinant DNA to transgenic organisms.

Patent Amendment Act, 2005- An Over View

Patent Amendment Act, 2005: The intellectual property in India is important at all levels of statutory, administrative and judiciary. India ratified the agreement establishing the world trade organization

Geographical Indication And Basmati

Geographical Indication and Basmati: Explains how geographical indication identifies products like Basmati rice that originate from a specific region.

India In Pharmaceutical Patents Regime

Explore India's pharmaceutical patents regime, TRIPS agreement, GATT treaty, and the debate between developed and developing countries.

The Patents (Second) Amendment Bill - An Epilogue

The Patents (Second) Amendment Bill, 2000 aims to align the Indian Patent Act, 1970 with TRIPS Agreement. Explore key amendments and their legal impact.

Controversy of Section 3(D) of The Indian Patent Act

Explore the controversy surrounding Section 3(D) of the Indian Patent Act, which restricts patents on certain types of inventions. Understand its implications in Indian Intellectual Property law and compliance with TRIPS.

What is patent

What is patent: Patent, is a legal document granted by the government giving an inventor the exclusive right to make, use, and sell an invention for a specified number of years. Patents are also available for significant improvements on previously invented items.

Is India Geared Up For Business Method Patent

Business Patents are patents granted for business methods or systems. This article explores whether India is ready for such patents.

Patent Enforcement Measures in India

Patent Enforcement Measures in India: IP laws are extremely important for the scientific development of a country. Strong IP legislations ensure the progress in varied fields and result in the growth of a country's knowledge bank

Novartis Patent Claim Case Study - Patent Law

Novartis patent claim case study: In November 2003, the Controller General of Patents and Trademarks of India granted exclusive marketing rights (EMR) of Glivec, the blood cancer drug, to Novartis for 5 years.

Patents and Geographical Indication: An Overview

Patents and Geographical Indication: Overview of patents as monopoly rights granted for inventions and the legal framework for geographical indications.

Product Patent for the Indian Pharmaceutical Sector under the TRIPS regime

Product Patent for the Indian Pharmaceutical Sector under the TRIPS regime: drug manufactures have become a powerful industry. My idea of a better- ordered world is one in which medical discoveries would be free of patents and there would be no profiteering from life or death

Patent Protection in the field of Nanotechnology: The Position with respect to the European Patent Office

Patent Protection in the field of Nanotechnology, European Patent Office: Nanotechnology is the design, characterization, production and application of structures, devices and systems by controlling shape and size at the nanoscale

Business Method Patents

Business Method Patents: An invention which is a solution to a technical problem is protected by way of Patent.

Taxing Foreign Income of Company

Taxing Foreign Income of Company: Taxation of foreign income entails the taxation by one country of income that its residents earn in another country. Tax incidence of an individual solely depends upon his residential status

Leave Encashment - Perquisites of Tax,Income Tax

Leave Encashment is taxed differently for following types of employees, Government employees and Non-Government employees

Can Sales Tax be Levied on Sale of Lottery Tickets?

Explore whether sales tax can be levied on the sale of lottery tickets under the Indian Constitution, with insights into separation of powers between Union and States.

Securitisation: A Boon for the Banking Sector

Securitisation, A Boon for the Banking Sector: With the advent of the Recovery of Debts Due To Banks and Financial Institutions Act, 1993, there was great hope within the banking circle that most of the Non-Performing Assets (NPA) shall be easy to recover.

Policies, Incentives of Central Excise and Customs related to SSI - Tax law in India

Central Excise duty is an indirect tax, collected by the manufacturers of goods. Essentially it is a duty on manufacture of goods. The duty incidence is passed on to the ultimate consumers who bar the duty incidence.

Fiscal Federalism In India an Insight Into The Concept And Structure Of Sales Taxation

Fiscal Federalism In India: India has a federal form of government, and hence a federal finance system. The essence of federal form of government is that the Centre and the State Governments should be independent of each other

Valuation of Excisable Goods for Charging Excise Duty in India

Comprehensive guide on valuation of excisable goods for charging excise duty in India, covering legal provisions, court judgments, and tax implications.

Analysis of value added chain Value Added Tax in India - VAT

VAT or Value Added Tax is, perhaps, one of the most important fiscal innovations of the 20th century. First it was introduced in France in 1954 Taxe sur la Valeur Adjoutee

Salary Tax in India - Tax law in India

Salary Tax: Salaries includes remuneration in any form for personal service, under an expressed or implied contract of employment or service. Section 17 of Income Tax Act

Tax on Works Contract - Tax law in India

Tax on Works Contract: Supreme Court recently reopened the case of sales tax on works contracts

D.E.P.B., Its Taxability

D.E.P.B. Taxability: The Sadhu Overseas, Faridabad Vs State of Haryana ruling held DEPB as money, not goods taxable under HGST Act, 1973. Earlier, Delhi High Court ruled DEPB as taxable goods.

TRIPS: Consequences for Developing Countries

Explore the consequences of TRIPS for developing countries, its impact on national IPR systems, and human rights compliance.

Dishonour of Cheque in India

Dishonour of Cheque: This legislation aims to build trust in banking operations and the credibility of business transactions involving negotiable instruments under Section 138.

Bank Frauds in India

Bank Frauds: Fraud is any dishonest act and behaviour by which one person gains or intends to gain advantage over another person.

Fringe Benefit Tax and Emphasis on its Constitutional Validity

Fringe benefit tax and emphasis on its constitutional validity. The fringe benefit tax rules proposed in the Budget by the finance minister are modeled on the Australian system.

Tax Implications in a Product Loan Transaction

Explore tax implications in product loan transactions. Understand differences from sales, stock transfers, and impact on sales tax authorities.

Capital Gains Tax in Joint Development Agreements | Legal Service India

Explore the implications of Capital Gains Tax in Joint Development Agreements. Understand key tax consequences, legal frameworks, and strategic considerations.

Double Taxation Avoidance Agreements

Explore how Double Taxation Avoidance Agreements (DTAAs) shape fiscal jurisdiction, reduce tax burdens, and impact global economic integration.

Fringe Benefit Tax

Fringe Benefit Tax: The Finance Bill, 2005 introduced Chapter XII-H, which imposes income tax on fringe benefits provided by employers to employees.

New Dimension to India Taxation Policy

New Dimension to India Taxation Policy: A tax is a financial charge or other levy imposed on an individual or a legal entity by a state or a functional equivalent of a state for example, tribes, secessionist movements or revolutionary movements.

Treatment of Cash Credit under Section 68 of Income Tax Act, 1961

Cash Credit: Section 68 has been introduced in order to plug loopholes and in order to place certain situations beyond doubt even though there were judicial decisions covering some of the aspects.

Power To Tax In Territorial Waters

A discussion on the legal authority to impose sales tax on goods in territorial waters, addressing the roles of State Government, Entry 92-A, and Article 286 as interpreted by the Supreme Court.

Taxation of Software

Taxation of Software: Taxation of sales of computer software for sales and use tax purposes and Taxation of software for ad valorem tax purposes.

Filing of Return - Tax law in India

Filing of Return: Filing of return is compulsory if the taxable income exceeds the basic exemption limit event if the tax payable is nil or refundable.

What is Advance Tax - Liable to Pay Advance Tax,Calculate Advance Tax,Tax lawyers - Tax law in India

Advance Tax: Total tax on the estimated income for current financial year - TDS/TCS, which is required expected to be deducted/collected, during the year.

Taxation of Companies, Taxation of Foreign Companies, Tax lawyers

Taxation of Companies: All companies whether Indian or foreign are liable to tax, irrespective of the quantum of income.

Tips for Filling Tax Return - Tax law in India

Tips for Filling Tax Return: prepare a statement of computation of income and tax for the previous year, This statement will help you in filling the return directly, avoid cuttings, overwriting.

Taxation of Partnership Firms - Tax law in India

Taxation of Partnership Firms: partnership firm is taxed as a separate entity, with no distinction as registered and unregistered firms.partnership firm is or required to submit a copy of the partnership deed.

Taxation of Foreign Nationals - Tax law in India

Taxation of Foreign Nationals: Any person who is not a citizen of India, is a foreign national.

New Procedure for Filling Tax Return? - Tax law in India

Filling Tax Return: Tax Department has introduced a simplified system for payment of taxes called Online Tax Accounting System (OLTAS).

What are the Documents required for Filling Tax Return - Tax law in India

What are the Documents required for Filling Tax Return and guidelines to follow while submitting income tax return

Taxing Power In Democracy

Concept of Taxing Power in Democracy - Indian Perspective. Philosophical Concept: Power is a measure of a person's ability to control the environment around them, including behavior and outcomes.

Royalty and Taxability Under Vat Laws

Royalty and Taxability Under Vat Laws: Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) and Incorporeal goods is the most talked of subject as on date. Law on various aspects on this subject is still in the making. Over the period, the definition of �GOODS� has undergone a sea change.

Odious Debt

Odious Debt: Political transformations from colonialism, world wars, and global power shifts make this concept increasingly relevant.

International Tax

International Tax involves the taxing jurisdiction of two or more countries. Since tax is a sovereign matter, every state has the right to tax its residents. However, conflicts arise when the same person or property is taxed by more than one state.

VAT in Asia Pacific

VAT in Asia Pacific: Value Added Tax, popularly known as VAT, is a special type of indirect tax levied at various stages in the sale of a product or service.

How SEBI Should Deal With Disgorged Money

How SEBI Should Deal With Disgorged Money: The primary function of the Securities and Exchange Board of India under the SEBI Act, 1992 is the protection of investors� interests and the healthy development of Indian financial markets.

Special Economic Zone: A Boon for the Indian Economy

A Special Economic Zone (SEZ) is a designated region with liberal economic laws that boost India's economic growth and global competitiveness.

Foreign Currency Convertible Bonds � Legal Parameters vis-�-vis the Economic Trends

Foreign Currency Convertible Bonds: India ranks 7th globally in size, 2nd in population, and 4th in economy, influencing FCCB legal and economic trends.

Application of Income Tax Law in India

Explore the concept of application of income under Indian tax law. Learn how income tax is computed, key principles, and Apex Court judgments shaping the law.

Household Savings - Tax Law in India

Household savings are the difference between income and expenditure. A high level of savings supports continuous economic growth by financing investments.

To SEZ or not to SEZ

To SEZ or not to SEZ: The emergence of SEZs in a conservative society like India is aimed at changing the Indian outdated thinking and environment. India converted eight of its existing

Landmark Judgments in India - Historical cases, famous Trials

Landmark Judgments: case study on Landmark judgments in India and indept analysis on various judgments by eminent writers and jurists.

Highlights of Union Budget 2017-18

The 2017 Union Budget, presented by Finance Minister Arun Jaitley broadly focused on the farming sector, the rural population, the youth, the poor and underprivileged health care, infrastructure, the financial sector for stronger institutions, speedy accountability, public services, prudent fiscal management and tax administration for the honest..

Union Budget 2013-14, P Chidambaram's budget speech

nion Budget 2013-14, P Chidambaram's budget speech, Finance Minister and acknowledge with gratitude the splendid support that I received from all sections of the House as well as the people of India.

Union Budget 2012 - Indian Tax Laws

Complete in-depth coverage of union budget 2011 presented by finance minister Pranab Mukherjee, this report covers the complete budget speech highlighting the important steps taken in this fiscal year.

Union Budget 2011 - Indian Tax Laws

Indian Parliament Responding to International Obligations Regarding the Rights of Mentally Retarded People

Indian Parliament: Responding to international obligations regarding the rights of mentally retarded people. A tragic incident at Erwadi, near Ramanathapuram, claimed 25 lives including 11 women after a fire broke out in the thatched hostel housing them.

Uniform Civil Code

mohammad ahmed khan v. shah bano begum, popularly known as the shah bano case. in this case, a penurious muslim woman claimed for maintenance from her husband under section 125.

Top Lawyers & Law Firms in Thane | Legal Services India

Discover experienced lawyers and law firms in Thane, Maharashtra. Submit your legal query and connect with professional advocates across all practice areas.

How to file a Consumer Complaint - Consumer laws In India, Consumer lawyers, Advocates

Consumer Complaint: a step by step guide to filing a consumer complaint in the Consumer Forum, State District forum has been explained here.

Caveat Emptor or Caveat Venditor: Legal Perspectives in India

Explore caveat emptor vs caveat venditor, Supreme Court judgments, and evolving legal perspectives in India.

Top Lawyers in Navi Mumbai & Vashi | Advocates & Law Firms Directory

Find top-rated lawyers in Navi Mumbai and Vashi. Explore our directory of expert advocates and law firms for legal help across civil, criminal, property, family, and corporate matters.

This is How a Mutual Divorce Decree Looks Like - Mutual Divorce Lawyer in Delhi

See how a Mutual Divorce Decree looks like in Delhi. Guidance from experienced divorce lawyers.

Doing Your Own Divorce - Divorce Act, Divorce Lawyer

Divorce laws: Doing your own divorce is explained here, what the law states, how to proceed, and how to file.

Living Separately: An Essential Requirement for Mutual Divorce in India

Living Separately for Mutual Divorce: The period of one year living separately is sine qua non to the filing of the petition under section 13B and as such, its waiver would be impermissible as per settled corner of interpretation.

Copyright Law in India - Copyright Office, Copyright act

Recognition of Equality Marriage

Recognition of Equality Marriage: Marriage is an eternal bond, the essence of family. In many parts of the world, marriage is traditionally viewed as a union between a man and a woman. However, growing support exists for recognizing same-sex marriages.

Family Courts in India: Addressing Backlogs and Legal Processes

Explore Family Courts in India, their role in legal matters, and how they handle increasing case backlogs.

The Concept of Divorce under Muslim Law

Divorce under Muslim Law: Understanding types, procedures, and rights of husband and wife for a fair and lawful dissolution of marriage.

LAWYERS search Listing Form

Delhi High Court - Court of Record

Delhi High Court: Delhi High Court was established on 31st October, 1966. Initially, the High Court of Judicature at Lahore, which was established by a Letters Patent dated 21st March, 1919

Circumstantial Evidence in India

Circumstantial Evidence: Realm of Reality. Circumstantial evidence is used in criminal courts to decide the fate of the accused by establishing guilt or innocence through reasoning. According to Bentham, it plays a crucial role in judicial proceedings.

Insider Trading And its Legal Mechanism in India - Commercial Law

Insider trading is a term subject to many definitions and connotations. It encompasses both legal and prohibited activity. Insider trading takes place legally every day, when corporate insiders trade company shares.

Child Trafficking: Role of Judicial Activism

Explore the role of judicial activism in combating child trafficking in India. Learn about key laws, IPC sections, and landmark interventions by the judiciary.

Bombay High Court - Court of Record

The High Court of Bombay, which is the chartered High Court and one of the oldest High Courts in the Country. It has Appellate Jurisdiction over the State of Maharashtra, Goa, Daman & Diu and Dadra & Nagar Haveli. In addition to the Principal Seat at Bombay, it has benches at Aurangabad, Nagpur, Panaji (Goa).

Calcutta High Court - Court of Record

Calcutta High Court a Court of Record, The Calcutta High Court, formerly known as the High Court of Judicature at Fort William, was brought into existence by the Letters Patent

Procedure For Registration of Company In India

The Companies Act of 1956 sets down rules for the establishment of both public and private companies.

Laws Regulating Mergers and Acquisitions in India

Explore the laws regulating mergers and acquisitions in India, including Companies Act, SEBI regulations, Competition Act, and FEMA compliance.

High Court of Judicature at Madras - Court of Record

The High Court of Judicature at Madras, one of the three High Courts in India established at the Presidency Towns by Letters Patent granted by Her Majesty Queen Victoria

Child Custody under Hindu, Muslim, Christian and Parsi Laws

Child custody is a term used in family law courts to define legal guardianship of a child under the age of 18 under Hindu, Muslim, Christian, and Parsi laws in India.

Guardianship Under Hindu, Muslim, Christian And Parsi Laws

Guardianship Under Hindu, Muslim, Christian And Parsi Laws: Under the Hindu Minority and Guardianship Act, 1956, S. 4(b), minor means a person who has not completed the age of eighteen years. A minor is considered to be a person who is physically.

Adoption: Under Hindu, Muslim, Christian And Parsi Laws - Requirements for a Valid Adoption

Adoption under Hindu, Muslim, Christian, and Parsi laws in India. Legal requirements, statutory provisions, and customs governing valid adoption.

Effects of Divorce Law in India - Divorce Lawyers in India

Explore the legal implications of divorce in India including second marriage during appeal, property rights, ex parte decrees, and the role of custom among Shudras.

Grounds for Divorce for Wife in India - Divorce Lawyers in India

Explore additional grounds for divorce available to wives in India. Learn how provisions under Section 13(2)(i) of the Hindu Marriage Act empower women to seek divorce under certain circumstances.

Irretrievable Breakdown of Marriage - Divorce Lawyers - India

Irretrievable breakdown of marriage is not contemplated as a ground for dissolution under Section 13 of the Hindu Marriage Act and cannot by itself be grounds for a divorce decree.

Right of Abortion v. Child in Mothers Womb

Right of Abortion v. Child in Mothers Womb: How a mother can be both protector and adversary of her unborn child. Exploring legal and ethical dimensions of abortion rights.

Whether Amendments Made To The Hindu Succession Act Are Achieving Gender Quality

Hindu Succession Act: Since time immemorial the framing of all laws have been exclusively for the benefit of man, and woman has been treated as subservient, and dependent on male support

Uniform Civil Code | Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

Uniform Civil Code

Editorial Team - Legal Service India

Meet the Editorial Team of Legal Service India, including contributors, advertisers, and policy details.

Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

Till Divorce do us Apart

Legal separation can sometimes be harder than getting married. Here's a look at the procedure involved in getting a divorce, and on life beyond it.

Irretrievable Breakdown as a Ground for Divorce in India

Explore irretrievable breakdown of marriage as a ground for divorce under Indian personal laws, its legal interpretations, and implications.

Nullification of Marriage - An Annulled Marriage

Nullification of Marriage - An Annulled Marriage: Marriage is the basis of social organization and the foundation of important legal rights and obligations. In Hindu Law, it is considered a sacrament. While divorce is complex, annulment remains a rare remedy.

The Antiquated Shackles of Adultery

The Antiquated Shackles of Adultery: The dying voices analyzing and criticizing every aspect of the law have risen again.

Domestic Violence Act – A Fundamental Rights Perspective

Explore the Domestic Violence Act from a fundamental rights perspective. Understand legal protections for dignity, shelter, and freedom from abuse in India.

Domestic Violence Act, 2005 - A Bane Or A Boon?

Domestic Violence Act, 2005: the fairer sex has suffered at the hands of men, the exploitation ranges from physical to intangible abuse like mental and psychological torture. Women have been treated as child bearing machines, and if I may, then preferably male child bearing machines.

Women and Violence

Violence affects millions of women worldwide across all socio-economic, cultural, and educational backgrounds. This article explores the impact, types, and legal frameworks addressing violence against women.

Impact of Sexual Harassment on Women

Exploring the impact of sexual harassment and dowry deaths on women. A Gender Study Group reveals that most women feel disgusted, insulted, and scared by any form of harassment.

Muslim Marriage in India

Explore the concept of Muslim marriage (Nikah) in India, its origins, rights of women, legal aspects, and Islamic principles shaping marital laws.

Muslim Women's Right to Divorce - Dissolution of Marriage under Muslim Law

Explore Muslim women's rights for divorce, including Talaq-e-Tafweez under the Dissolution of Muslim Marriage Act, 1939.

Sources of Islamic Law

Explore the foundational sources of Islamic law including the Qur'an, Sunnah, Ijma, and Qiyas. Understand how different schools of thought interpret Sharia.

Concept of Marriage in Muslim Law

Concept of Marriage in Muslim Law: Islam, unlike other religions, is a strong advocate of marriage. There is no place for celibacy in Islam like among Roman Catholic priests and nuns. The Prophet has said, 'There is no Celibacy in Islam.'

An Overview of Wills under Hindu Law

The origin and growth of Will amongst the Hindus is unknown. However Wills were well known to the Mohammedans and contact with them during the Mohammedan rule

Gift As Under the Transfer of Property Act and Mohemmedan Law

Gift As Under Transfer of Property Act and Mohemmedan Law: Gift is the transfer of certain existing moveable or immoveable property made voluntarily and without consideration, by one person, called the donor, to another, called the donee, and accepted by or on behalf of the donee.

Can Women be Karta in Hindu Joint Family?

Can women be Karta in Hindu joint family? Explore Hindu law, rights of women as Karta, legal precedents, and family law provisions.

The Special Marriage Act, 1954 � Degree of Prohibited Relationship

The Special Marriage Act, 1954: When parties to a marriage belong to different religions, the marriage is registered under the Special Marriage Act in India.

Registration Of Marriage in India - Laws Related to Marriage in India

Registration of Marriage in India: A marriage which has already been solemnised can be registered either under the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 or under the Special Marriage Act, 1954.

Pre-Nuptial Agreements

A prenuptial agreement (or prenup) is a legally binding contract entered into before marriage or civil union, outlining the division of assets and financial responsibilities in the event of divorce or separation.

The Right To Marry of Hiv/ Aids Patient (The Decaying Citadel of Justice)

Right To Marry of Hiv/Aids Patient: 21st september 1998 is marked the judicial murder of the very basic natural and humanitarian rights of the persons suffering from HIV/ AIDS in India.

Extra-marital Relations and Their Impact on Children

Explore how extra-marital affairs affect children emotionally and socially. Learn about relevant Indian divorce laws including Section 13(1)(i) of the Hindu Marriage Act, Section 27(1)(a) of the Special Marriage Act, and more.

Adoption under Juvenile Justice Act: A Clarion Call to Secularism

Adoption under Juvenile Justice Act offers a solution for childless couples, single parents, and homeless children, fostering parent-child relationships beyond biology.

Legalize Abortion in India: Rights, Laws, and Perspectives

Legalizing abortion in India: Understanding women's rights under Article 21, the MTP Act, and legal perspectives on reproductive freedom.

Right of Foreign Homosexuals to Have a Surrogate Child in India

Right of Foreign Homosexuals to Have a Surrogate Child in India: A recent news piece that has caught everyone�s eye is that an Israeli homosexual couple has got a surrogate child from India. Everywhere, people seem to be pleased about it, but when analyzed legally, it leaves us in a very befuddled state of mind.

Same-Sex Marriage: Is It Time for Legal Recognition?

An analysis of the legal and societal aspects of same-sex marriage in India. This article presents arguments in favor of its legal recognition, exploring religious, social, and constitutional perspectives.

What is Contempt of Court, How to Change Your Lawyer, First Information Report (FIR)

Explore the definition of miscarriage in the context of criminal justice, reflecting an individualistic, rights-based approach to miscarriages of justice.

Surrogacy Contracts in India

Surrogacy Contracts in India: Exploring legality, rights jurisprudence, feminist perspectives, and state responsibility under Indian law.

Artificial Insemination - In Vitro Fertilization and challenges caused to Legal System

Any medical technique that attempts to obtain a pregnancy by means other than by intercourse is defined as Assisted Reproductive Technology. ART helps to solve the problem of childlessness.

Contracts | Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

Law of Contracts

Corruption | Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

Corruption related topics

Food Laws | Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

laws related to Food safety

Religion | Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

Religion

Research | Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

Legal Research Work

Rural Laws | Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

Rural

Trust Act | Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

Trust Act of India

Appeals - Section 96 of Code of Civil Procedure | Appeal From Original Decrees

Appeals under Section 96 of the Code of Civil Procedure 1908: An appeal is a petition to a higher court for reconsideration of a lower court's decision.

Res Judicata in India | Legal Service India

Res Judicata, derived from Latin meaning 'a matter already judged', explains how courts in India prevent re-litigation of issues already decided.

Judgment vs Decree in India - Court Orders Explained

Understand the distinction between judgment and decree in Indian law. Learn how courts interpret judgments, decrees, and orders under the Code of Civil Procedure (CPC).

Inherent Power of the Court to Grant Restitution

Understanding the inherent power of the court to grant restitution under Section 144 CPC, including principles, case laws, and judicial interpretations.

Non-joinder of Parties in Civil Suits

Non-joinder of Parties in Civil Suits: The presence of opposing parties is one of the essential requirements of any civil suit. But all parties are not necessary for the suit to be adjudicated upon. Therefore, necessary and non-necessary parties have to be distinguished.

Lok Adalats And Permanent Lok Adalats - Judicial Review & Procedure

Lok Adalat in India refers to Peoples Court, an alternative dispute resolution mechanism rooted in tradition. Explore procedures, judicial review, and the finality of Lok Adalat awards.

Research | Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

Legal Research Work

Consumer Law - The Consumer Protection (Amendment) Act

The year 1986 is a magna carta in the history of consumerism. it was this year that witnessed the enactment of the consumer protection act

Maximum Retail Price - Consumer Rights & MRP Regulations

Maximum Retail Price (MRP) - Consumer rights under the Mandatory Printing of Cost of Production and Maximum Retail Price Act, 2006. Guidelines ensure that consumers are not charged above the printed MRP on goods.

Consumerism in the Globalized World

Consumerism in the globalized world: Exploring the impact of corporations, consumer protection laws, and legal issues shaping modern society.

Unethical Drug Promotion: �An Emerging Threat for the Indian Society

Unethical Drug Promotion: According to a WHO survey, 35% of the world's spurious drugs are produced in India, which has a Rs. 4,000-crore fake drugs market, the largest in the world

Consumer Protection Act, 1986: 2002 Amendments - Laurels and Loopholes

Detailed overview of Consumer Protection Act, 1986 and its 2002 Amendments. Learn about consumer rights, State and National Commissions, and key legal insights.

Services � Consumer Protection Act

Consumer law: is the purpose and most powerful motivating force of production, yet at the same time consumer is equally vulnerable segment of the whole marketing system.

Analyzing The Consumer Protection (Amendment) Bill, 2002

Analyzing the Consumer Protection (Amendment) Bill, 2002: Strengthening consumer rights, legal safeguards, and protection in India.

Phenomenon of Consumerism

Phenomenon of Consumerism: An analysis of consumerism in India, exploring the complications of the system in simple terms without going into technicalities.

Criminalization of Politics in India | Legal Service India

Explore how criminalization of politics has impacted India since independence. Understand muscle power, vote bank politics, corruption, and election commission challenges.

Indian Domestic Arbitration: A practical approach

Indian Domestic Arbitration: Arbitration is a method of adjudication of disputes / differences between the parties by non-judicial process wherein arbitrators/umpires is appointed by the parties themselves under a contract whereby the parties agree for adjudication of such disputes/differences by way of arbitration proceedings

Judiciary and the Role of the Fourth Estate

Judiciary and the Role of the Fourth Estate: Should judiciary be left alone to freely execute its functions as enjoined by the Constitution and statutes emanating from it and to deal with malfunctioning on its own or the press should be given a free rein to criticize every action of state organs.

The Consumer Protection Act, 1986 - Consumer lawyers

The Consumer Protection Act: provide for better protection of the interests of consumers and for that purpose to make provision for the establishment of consumer councils and other authorities for the settlement of consum�ers.

Supreme Court Rules Relevant To Consumer Protection Act - Consumer laws In India

Supreme court and Consumer law: In exercise of the powers conferred by Article 145 of the Constitution and all other powers enabling it in this behalf, the Supreme Court hereby makes, with the approval of the President, the following rules..

Rights of a Consumer - Consumer lawyers

Consumers legal Rights: right to be protected against the marketing of goods and services, which are hazardous to life and property.

Consumer Protection Act - Consumer lawyers - 9650499965

Consumer Protection Act: laws governing Consumers and their rights and liabilities governed by Consumer laws in India is Discussed here.

New India Assurance Company Limited v Abhilash Jewellery - Rights of a Consumer - Consumer lawyers

The complainant/respondent, who had taken a jeweller's block policy, lodged a claim with the opposite party insurer for loss of gold ornaments.

Consumer law: Supreme Court Decisions on Consumer Cases

landmark supreme court judgments on consumer laws each has been discussed in details.

Consumer laws: Supreme court Decisions on medical Negligence

landmark Supreme court Decisions on medical Negligence each has been discussed in details here.

Euthanasia | Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

Euthanasia

Legal Aid | Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

Articles Related to Legal Aid

Legislation | Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

Legislation

Lok Adalats | Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

Articles Related to Lok Adalats

Sedition Law | Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

Sedition Laws in India

Tribal laws | Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

Tribal laws in India

Private Defence: A Right Available to All in India

Learn about Sections 96 to 106 of the IPC, covering the right of private defence of person and property in India.

Constitutional Position of Jammu and Kashmir

Constitutional Position of Jammu and Kashmir: Special status under Article 370 in Part XXI of the Constitution of India, covering temporary, transitional, and special provisions.

Development of Cooperative Federalism in India

Explore the development of cooperative federalism in India, its historical roots, policies under Nehru and Indira Gandhi, and the role of institutions like the North Eastern Council (NEC).

Right To Die

Right To Die: Every person shall have the right to die with dignity; this right includes choosing the time of one�s death and receiving medical and pharmaceutical assistance to die painlessly.

Article 21 and Constitutional Validity of Right to Die

Explore Article 21 and the constitutional validity of the Right to Die in India, a key fundamental right under Part III of the Constitution.

Role of Writs in Administrative Law | Legal Service India

Explore the Role of Writs in Administrative Law: Checks, balances, and permissible powers of the State under Article 12 of the Indian Constitution.

Writ of Habeas Corpus For Securing Liberty

Writ of Habeas Corpus For Securing Liberty: writ essentially originated in England & to issue appropriate writ was always considered to be a prerogative of the crown

Rule of Law – Reflections on We the People and Beyond

Explore the Rule of Law from Aristotle to modern India, highlighting equality, supremacy of law, and Supreme Court judgments.

Critical Analysis of the Doctrine of Pleasure

A critical analysis of the Doctrine of Pleasure in India, focusing on the role of the Executive, Legislature, and Judiciary in effective governance.

Tautological Aspect of English Mortgage in India

Explore the tautological aspect of English mortgage in India. Understand its distinct features, enforcement by sale, and power of extra-judicial sale under certain conditions.

Doctrine of Frustration and Force Majeure Clause

An in-depth interpretation of the Doctrine of Frustration and the Force Majeure clause. Clarifies the legal distinctions and overlap between the two under Indian Contract Law and English Law.

Doctrine of Pleasure and Article 311 of the Indian Constitution

Explore the Doctrine of Pleasure and Article 311 of the Indian Constitution. Understand its origins in common law and its implications for civil service in India.

Limits of Judicial Review in India

Limits of Judicial Review: the constitution is the supreme law of the land and any law inconsistent therewith is void. This paper describes the scope and limits of judicial review.

Constitution - Judicial Democracy in India

Judicial Democracy in India: The judiciary interprets laws while democracy ensures citizens share power. Explore the role of the Constitution in balancing both.

Sustainable Development and Indian Judiciary - Article 21

Explore how the Indian Judiciary upholds sustainable development under Article 21, ensuring the right to a wholesome environment as a fundamental right.

Making of The Indian Constitution

Making of The Indian Constitution: The Constituent Assembly which had been elected for undivided India and held its first sitting on 9th Dec.1946, re-assembled on the 14th August 1947.

Office of Profit: Is Parliament Empowered to Exempt Retrospectively?

Explore Article 102(1)(a) of the Indian Constitution on Office of Profit and whether Parliament can exempt members retrospectively.

Hung Parliament in India: Issues, Trends & Post-Election Dynamics

Hung Parliament in India: Understand the issues, trends, and implications when no party secures a clear majority in the Lok Sabha elections.

Article 370: Diagnosis and Prognosis of the Special Status of J & K

Article 370: Diagnosis and Prognosis of the Special Status of J & K. Article 370 of the Indian Constitution, guaranteeing special status to the State of Jammu and Kashmir, carries a long and significant historical background, which is necessary to understand its importance and relevance to present-day India.

Privilege Against Self-Incrimination | Legal Service India

Explore the principle of Privilege Against Self-Incrimination under English criminal law and the duty of prosecution to prove the accused's guilt.

Scheduled Castes and Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act

The Scheduled Castes and Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act protects Dalits and tribal communities from discrimination, ensuring justice and safeguarding rights.

Genocide Under International Criminal Law

Genocide under International Criminal Law: A study of planned mass killings, accountability, and justice through cases like Rwanda and Bosnia.

Decriminalization of Consensual Sex Between Adults - An Analysis of Naz Foundation Case

Analysis of the Naz Foundation Case: Delhi High Court annulled the law criminalizing consensual homosexual relations between adults, reshaping Indian constitutional law.

Article 20(3) of the Indian Constitution and Narco Analysis

Understand Article 20(3) of the Constitution of India and its relation to Narco Analysis. Explore legal protections during criminal investigations.

Review of Reservation Policy in India

Comprehensive review of India's reservation policy, its historical background, constitutional provisions, and impact on society.

Friend of the Court - Amicus Curiae

Friend of the Court - Amicus Curiae: A legal Latin phrase meaning 'friend of the court', referring to someone not a party to a case who offers information to assist the court.

Article 12 - Constitution

Article 12: Scope as Expanded by Judiciary. The Constitution of India has defined the word ‘State’ for the purpose of Part III and Part IV. Referenced in State of West Bengal v. Subodh Gopal.

Article 21 of the Constitution

Article 21: Indian democracy wedded to rule of law aims not only to protect fundamental rights of its citizens but also to establish an egalitarian order

Constitution of India - Constitutional laws a complete guide to Indias constitution

The Indian Constitution is based on the official English text, consolidated up to the Constitution Seventy-eighth Amendment Act, 1995

Res Ipsa Loquitur � Case Law References & Legal Principles

An in-depth legal analysis of Res Ipsa Loquitur with case law references, explaining how the doctrine shifts the burden of proof to the defendant in negligence cases.

Abuse of Public Interest Litigation – Threat to Judicial Process

Examination of how abuse of Public Interest Litigation poses a major threat to the judicial process and the role of genuine public interest.

Freedom of Press - Indian Constitution

Freedom of Press under the Indian Constitution: Ensuring the press acts as a fourth institution, checking the Legislative, Judiciary, and Executive.

Discretionary Powers of the Governor in Granting Sanction for Prosecution of Public Servants

Explore the discretionary powers of the Governor in granting sanction for the prosecution of public servants under Section 197 CrPC and Article 163(1) of the Constitution.

Changing Sovereignty in the Light of WTO

Changing Sovereignty in the Light of WTO: Explore how sovereignty allows nations to govern themselves, providing legal protections and diplomatic foundations for global order.

Whether Section 377 of IPC Constitutionally Valid - Right to Health - Privacy - Human Dignity

Whether Section 377 of Indian Penal Code is constitutionally valid. Part III of the Constitution primarily upholds human rights, privacy, and dignity.

Constitutionalism - Changing Paradigm

Constitutionalism - Changing Paradigm. Explore what a constitution is: a charter of government deriving its authority from the governed.

Abrogation of Article 370 � A Myth or Reality

Abrogation of Article 370: Article-370 accords Special Status to Jammu and Kashmir. This attempt to adduce a conclusive meaning of Article-370 is itself erroneous.

Dual Citizenship in India: Impact of Overseas Citizenship of India (OCI)

Explore the impact of Dual Citizenship and Overseas Citizenship of India (OCI) on Indian laws, rights, and global diaspora connections.

Preamble: A Key to Open the Minds of the Framers of the Constitution

Preamble:The Preamble to a Constitution embodies the fundamental values and the philosophy, on which the Constitution is based, and the aims and objectives, which the founding fathers of the Constitution enjoined the polity to strive to achieve

Racism Societys Cancer

Racism,Societys Cancer: Racism refers to beliefs, practices, and institutions that negatively discriminate against people based on their perceived or ascribed race.

Victory for Gay Rights in India

Landmark ruling decriminalizes homosexuality in India, promoting freedom and equality for gay men and lesbians.

Constitutional Law of Australia - Australian Constitution

Australian Constitution: The Australian Constitution has properly been described as the birth certificate of a nation. It also provides the basic rules for the government of Australia. Indeed, the Constitution is the fundamental law of Australia binding everybody including the Commonwealth Parliament and the Parliament of each State. Accordingly, even an Act passed by a Parliament is invalid if it is contrary to the Constitution.

Constitution of Barbados

Constitution of Barbados: The country has an area of 166 square miles and a population of 280,000. According to the 2000 official census, more than 95 percent of the population is Christian; however, a recent estimate cites 75 percent.

Courts system in Ireland - Court Hierarchy

Courts system in Ireland: The courts system in Ireland has its origins in the 1922 Constitution which was enacted on the foundation of the Irish Free State

Constitutional Law in Switzerland

Constitutional Law in Switzerland: The 1874 Constitution has been repealed by public referendum on 18 April 1999 and replaced with a new constitution in force since 1 Jan 2000....�

Constitution of Iran

Constitution of Iran: Preamble states that Economy is a Means, Not an End

United States Constitution - Declaration of Independence - Bill of Rights

United States Constitution: is the supreme law of the United States of America. It was adopted in its original form on September 17, 1787, by the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.�

Constitutional Law of United Kingdom - unwritten Constitution - Magna Carta, 1215 - 1689 English Bill of Rights

Constitutional Law in United Kingdom: The English Bill of Rights was a precursor to the American Bill of Rights.

Constitution of The People's Republic of China - Chinese law - Chinese courts - Chinese Judiciary

Constitution of China: The socialist system is the basic of China. Sabotage of the socialist system by any organization or individual is prohibited.

Constitutional Law in Russia - Russian Constitution

Constitutional Law in Russia: We the multinational people of the Russian Federation, united by a common destiny on our land,asserting human rights and liberties, civil peace and accord ....�

Winding Up of a Company - A Different Legal Perspective

Winding Up of a Company means bringing it to a conclusion or end by putting affairs in order. Learn the legal perspective.

Research | Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

Research work

Surrogacy Laws | Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

Surrogacy

Domestic Violence in Marriage: in the light of theories of Feminist Jurisprudence

Domestic Violence in Marriage explored through Feminist Jurisprudence theories, highlighting causes, impacts, and legal perspectives.

Subjugation of women rights lead to violation of human rights

Subjugation of women rights lead to violation of human rights: Human rights as an issue occupies centre stage in contemporary public debate. Part of the debate on Human rights is about the origin and significance of the notion itself.

Eve Teasing in India and Tortious Liabilities - Women's Law in India

Explore eve teasing in India and tortious liabilities – whether it is a recognized principle of liability or should be an independent area of legal accountability under women's law in India.

Bride Burning Laws in India | Dowry & Legal Provisions

Bride burning laws in India: Understanding dowry system, legal provisions under Section 498A, anti-dowry laws, and Supreme Court judgments.

Law, Women And Advertisements

Law, Women And Advertisements: Advertisement is the most influential and powerful medium in the commercial society. The Advertising Standards Councils Code for Self regulation defines an advertisement as a paid-for communication, addressed to the Public or a section of it

Legal Position of Eunuchs

An in-depth analysis of the legal position of eunuchs (Hijras) in India, exploring the relationship between gender identity and biological sex, and the impact of laws like the Immoral Traffic (Prevention) Act.

Women Suffrage

A comparative perspective toward women's voting rights between Scandinavian and Middle Eastern countries, with a focus on Iran.

Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act, 2005

Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act, 2005: NCW came out with its draft Bill on domestic violence, which was vehemently criticized by womens organizations. By this time, most womens groups were united towards the need for a law on domestic violence.

Personal Dignity: Role of Indian Judiciary in Its Interpretation

Explore how the Indian judiciary has interpreted personal dignity as a fundamental right, shaping legal, social, and philosophical perspectives in India.

Commercial Sex Workers in India - Laws Governing Sex Workers

A detailed legal and historical overview of commercial sex workers in India, exploring ancient roots, Vedic references, legislation, and the Immoral Traffic Prevention Act.

A Woman Can't Rape Woman - Rape Laws

A Woman Cannot Rape Woman: In State Govt. V. Sheodayal (1956 Cr LJ 83 M.P) M.P High court opined that modesty of a woman can be outraged by another women u/s 354. But apex court

Violence Against Women - Issue of Honor Killing

Honor crimes are acts of violence, often murder, committed mostly by male family members against female relatives who are perceived to have brought dishonor upon the family.

Gender justice in India

Gender justice in India: Women are deprived of economic resources and are dependent on men for their living

Gender Inequality

Gender Inequality: there shall be no discrimination against any citizen on the ground of sex . Article 15(1) guarantees equalities of opportunities for all citizens in matters of employment. Article 15(3) provides that the state can make any special provisions for women and children.

Arrest of Fair Sex Fairly: A Quandary - Women and Law in India

Examining the arrest of women under Indian law�balancing Article 14's equality with Article 15(3)'s protective provisions for vulnerable women.

Womens Human Right: More Said Than Done

Women' Human Right: Millions of women throughout the world live in conditions of abject deprivation and attacks against their fundamental human rights for no other reason than that they are women

Changing Facets of Sexual Offences

Changing Facets of Sexual Offences: Man has learned and is able to control may of natures forces, but so long as he is unable to control the forces within himself, there can be no question of real civilization.

Accomplice Evidence in Sexual Offenses - Sexual Offences

Accomplice Evidence in Sexual Offences: It was frequently urged against an accomplice during the 1600s and 1700s that, since by his own confession he was guilty of crime, this turpitude...

Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act 2006 - Was it Worth the Effort?

An in-depth analysis of the Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act, 2006, evaluating its impact, implementation, and whether it has lived up to expectations in protecting women from abuse and violence in India.

Rape - Textual or Psychological: The Need to Change Section 375 of the IPC, 1860

Rape - Textual or Psychological: This article explores the need to reform Section 375 of the Indian Penal Code, 1860, questioning whether rape should be interpreted strictly within its textual limits or also include psychological dimensions.

The Protection of Women From Domestic Violence Act, 2005: Dawn of a New Era

The Protection of Women From Domestic Violence Act, 2005 marked a new era in safeguarding Indian women, ensuring legal protection against domestic abuse and violence.

Changes in Women�s Rights under Section 6 of HSA, 1956 after 2005 Amendment (431)

Explore changes in women's rights under Section 6 of the Hindu Succession Act, 1956 after the 2005 Amendment. Detailed legal analysis and implications.

Cruelty as a Matrimonial Offence under Muslim Law

Cruelty as a matrimonial offence under Muslim Law: Understanding the legal concept of cruelty in matrimonial disputes, including physical and mental suffering, as recognized by courts in India.

Rape law in India and World

Rape law in India and World: Rape is a heinous crime in our world. Now a days all civilized country enacted their own law on this topic. India is not exception of this, it also enacted it's own law under Indian penal code.1860. section 375 define rape

The Problem of Prostitution: An Indian Perspective

The problem of prostitution in India: An overview of causes, legal framework, and associated health and social issues.

Trafficking in Women in India

Updated 2025 August: Trafficking in women involves recruitment and exploitation through coercion, fraud, or abuse of power. This article explores the issue in the Indian context.

Trafficking in Women and Children - An Ounce of Prevention is Worth a Pound of Cure

Trafficking in Women and Children is a grave human rights violation. Thousands in India are trafficked daily into slavery and exploitation.

Sexual Harassment at Workplace - Legal Overview & Human Rights

Learn about legal safeguards against sexual harassment at workplace under the Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993 and related constitutional rights.

Female Foeticide: Need To Change The Mindset of People | Legal Service India

Female Foeticide is a grave social issue causing a skewed sex ratio in India. Understand legal implications, social impact, and why changing mindsets is crucial.

How Section 312 of IPC Read with the Medical Termination of Pregnancy Act, 1971 Infringes the Right to Life of the Mother

An analysis of how Section 312 of the Indian Penal Code, read with the Medical Termination of Pregnancy Act, 1971, impacts a woman's right to life, particularly in light of restrictions including the 20-week time limit.

Research | Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

Research work

Firearm Laws | Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

Firearm Laws in India

Research | Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

Legal Research Work

National Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission - NCDRC

NCDRC: To provide inexpensive, speedy and summary redressal of consumer disputes, quasi-judicial bodies have been set up in each District and State and at the National level, called the District Forums, the State Consumer Disputes Redressal Commissions and the National Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission respectively.

Patent | Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

laws Related to Patent Laws

Research | Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

Legal Research Work

Trademark | Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

laws Related to Trademark Laws

Trade Mark Law Articles

Trade Mark Law Articles, a complete guide to law in India

Advertising and Trademark Infringement

Advertising and Trademark Infringement: With this liberalization and globalization of the Indian economy, the sphere of trade, industry and commerce has increased to a great extent. Geographical barriers to trade have been removed.

Economic Dimensions in Trademark Law: Evolution through Judicial Pronouncement

Economic Dimensions in Trademark Law: The foundations of the Trademarks Act are based on the safeguarding of the economic rights of the owners of the trademark and also to protect the common man to not to fall a prey to those who use deceptive practices in this trade

Guidelines for Functioning Under the Madrid Protocol - Trade Mark Laws in India

Comprehensive guidelines for functioning under the Madrid Protocol and understanding trademark laws in India.

Protecting Trade Marks: Madrid Protocol and India

Learn how India protects trademarks under the Madrid Protocol and the global reach of Indian companies in international markets.

Use of Trademark in Comparative Advertising: Situation in India

Explore how trademarks are used in comparative advertising under Indian law. Covers the Trademarks Act 1999, enforcement, and TRIPs compliance.

Protecting Domain Names as Trade Marks in India

Explore how domain names can be protected as trade marks in India, with insights from a recent U.K. case involving EASY.COM.

Single Colour Mark: Registrability in the United States and the United Kingdom

Explore the registrability of Single Colour Marks as non-traditional trademarks in the United States and the United Kingdom.

Trademark Disputes over Domain Names - ICANN Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy

With the globalization of the Internet, domain names now serve as vital business identifiers, often leading to trademark disputes under ICANN's UDRP.

Intellectual Property - Legal Rights and Protection

Explore Intellectual Property laws, rights, and protections. Learn how intellectual activity creates valuable assets safeguarded by legal frameworks.

Medical Jurisprudence: An Indian Law Perspective

Medical Jurisprudence: Medicolegal is the term that combines the fundamentals of Medicine and Law in India. Explore the intersection of healthcare and legal frameworks.

Medical Negligence in India: Legal Framework and Supreme Court Cases

Explore medical negligence in India, including civil and criminal liability, Supreme Court rulings, and legal remedies for victims.

Brain Mapping Test (P-300) � Narco Analysis & Forensic Use in India

Brain Mapping Test (P-300) in India � overview, procedure, legal status and forensic use in narco-analysis investigations.

Narco Analysis: A Volcano in Criminal Investigation System

Narco Analysis in criminal investigation: exploring memory, brain mapping, hypnosis, P-300, polygraph, and medico-legal aspects in modern law.

MTP Act: The Flag Bearer of Unconstitutionality

MTP Act and Unconstitutionality: Courts must examine the purpose, policy, and classification of the Act to ensure its constitutional validity.

Medico-Legal Significance of Bruise | Dr. Jitendra Prasad Saxena

Explore the medico-legal significance of bruises � understand causes, appearance, antemortem vs postmortem bruises, and their importance in forensic medicine.

Law And Medicine With Special Reference To Genetic Engineering And Gene Therapy

A gene is a locatable region of genomic sequence, corresponding to a unit of inheritance.

Are Phase I Clinical Trials of Foreign Drugs Permitted in India?

Explore whether Phase I clinical trials of foreign drugs are allowed in India under the Drugs and Cosmetics Act, 1940. Learn about the CRO industry, legal framework, and Supreme Court rulings.

Scientific Defence of Injuries (Abrasions) — Medico-Legal Guide (India)

Practical medico-legal guide to diagnosing and legally defending abrasions in assault and medicolegal cases in India.

Supreme Court and Medical Negligence Necessary Protection

Supreme Court and Medical Negligence Necessary Protection: Medical profession is governed by code of medical ethics and etiquettes laid down by Medical Council of India. Although they are for internal self regulations of the profession, it is an obligation on the part of the professionals to fulfil certain rights, expectations of the patients.

Human Organs Transplantation in India - HOTA, 1994

Human Organs Transplantation: An organ transplant is a surgical operation where a failing or damaged organ in the human body is removed and replaced with a new one. An organ is a mass of specialized cells and tissues that work together to perform a function in the body.

Organ Transplantation Law In India

Organ Transplantation Law In India: The transplantation of an organ from one body to another is known as the organ transplant. The person who gives the organ is called the donor while the one who receives is called the recipient.

Forensic Evidence: The Legal Scenario

Forensic Evidence and the Legal Scenario: Explore the intersection between evidence and forensic science, including the role of DNA testing, crime detection, and legal reforms.

Is Narco Analysis a Reliable Science? � Present Legal Scenario In India

The term Narco-Analysis is derived from the Greek word nark� meaning anesthesia or torpor and is used to describe a diagnostic and psychotherapeutic technique that uses psychotropic drugs, particularly barbiturates.

Medical Negligence in India: Comparative Study of Criminal, Consumer Protection & Tort Laws

Explore a detailed comparative analysis of Indian legal systems on medical negligence — covering criminal law, consumer protection, and tort remedies with key judgments and legal insights.

Research | Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

Research work

Research Law | Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

Research Law

Market | Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

laws Related to Market

Research | Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

Legal Research Work

Nature And Scope of Law of Torts in India

Nature And Scope of Law of Torts: Law is any rule of human conduct accepted by the society and enforced by the state for the betterment of human life. In a wider sense it includes any rule of human action for example, religious, social, political and moral rules of conduct

Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 on Dishonour of Security Cheques

Cases of cheque bounce are not uncommon. In most financial transactions—whether loan repayment or business fee payments—cheques are commonly used. This article discusses the Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881, and its implications on dishonoured security cheques.

Vicarious Liability of Directors and Officers on Bouncing of Cheques

Explore the vicarious liability of company directors and officers regarding bounced cheques. Learn how honesty and integrity ensure smooth business transactions.

E-Cheque System in India: A Distant Reality

Explore the E-Cheque system in India under the amended Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881, and its legal framework for electronic transactions.

Counterfeit A Global Problem

Counterfeit A Global Problem: Rapid advances in technology and liberalisation of the Indian economy has created an ideal market for people trying to misuse existing brand values that have been cultivated and nurtured over a period of time.

Section 138 of the Negotiable Instruments Act

Section 138 of the Negotiable Instruments Act: The advent of cheques has transformed the commercial and corporate world, allowing people to transact using cheques instead of carrying physical currency.

Virtual Cheques - A Distant Reality - Cheques laws in India

Virtual Cheques - A Distant Reality: Negotiable Instruments consist of three types of instruments namely, the Promissory Note, The Bill of Exchange and the Cheques. RBI �s jurisdiction is mainly limited to the Cheques since it is an instrument drawn payable on a Bank by a Customer

Stopped Payment of Cheque: Can the Drawer Be Held Liable Under Section 138 of the Negotiable Instruments Act

many a times the drawer, to escape his debt or liability has used it as an instrument of deception. The 1988 amendment in Section 138 of NI Act is also silent about Stopped Payment

Bill of Lading in India - Legal Insights

Learn about the Bill of Lading in India, its legal framework, Hague/Visby Rules, Hamburg Code, Carriage of Goods by Sea Act, and key court judgments.

Link between Insurer and Insured

As per sub-section (3) and (4) of Section 64UM of the Insurance Act, 1938, the insurer cannot appoint a second surveyor just as a matter of course.

Compensation to the Victim of Crime: Assessing Legislative Frame Work and Role of Indian Courts

Compensation to the Victim of Crime, Assessing Legislative Frame Work and Role of Indian Courts: Criminal Law has always discouraged the acts or omissions which in general can affect right in rem and violators have always been punished with strict sanctions but the crime rate is not falling and State is in regular quest to preserve social solidarity and peace in society

Present Approach of Traffic Police vis-a-vis Indian drivers on Road

Present Approach of Traffic Police vis-a-vis Indian drivers on Road: The word police means the civil force constituted to maintain law and order

Research | Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

Legal Research Work

Research | Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

Legal Research Work

Research | Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

Legal Research Work

Global Warming

Global Warming: Global warming is the increase in the average temperature of Earth's near-surface air and oceans since the mid-20th century and its projected continuation, caused chiefly by increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases—namely Carbon Dioxide, Methane, Nitrous Oxide, and Hydrofluorocarbons.

Combating Noise Pollution in India

Learn about combating noise pollution in India and protecting your right to sleep, recreation, and peaceful living while safeguarding the environment.

An Appraisal of Environmental Law: Birth of The Right to Environment in India

An Appraisal of Environmental Law: Birth of The Right to Environment in India, diverse ingredients of Indian environmental jurisprudence. A highlight of international efforts in combating environment related problems is also made

Noise Pollution — Sources, Effects & Control

Noise pollution: causes, health and environmental effects, and effective control measures — legal, technical and community approaches.

Role of PIL in Environmental Protection In India

Role of PIL in Environmental Protection In India: The Indian judiciary adopted the technique of public interest litigation for the cause of environmental protection in many cases.

Water Management � Law And Policy In India

Water Management � Law And Policy In India: Exploring legal frameworks, policies, and acts such as Section 17(1)(a) of the Water Act and Inter-State Water Disputes Act that shape India's water governance.

Environmental Degradation and its Protection

Environmental Degradation and its Protection: The Kyoto Protocol, effective from 16th February 2005, was signed by all countries except the United States, which was then the top industrial polluter. Signatories agreed to norms for minimizing and eradicating industrial pollution.

Environment: Ethics, Laws and Its Conservation [Updated August 2025]

Updated 2025 August: Explore the ethics, laws, and conservation of the environment. Learn how nature's balance is protected by religious beliefs, legal systems, and modern environmental policies.

Article 21 of Indian Constitution - A Mandate To Pollution Free Environment

Article 21: A Mandate To Pollution Free Environment. Life and environment are interrelated, requiring harmony between ecosystem and environment.

Forest Management In India

Forest Management In India: Indian forest policies have alienated people from the forests, thereby, exacerbating the rates of deforestation. Post-independence forest policies contributed to an expansion in agricultural production

The Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972: An appraisal

The Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972: provides for protection to listed species of flora and fauna and establishes a network of ecologically-important protected areas. The Act consists of 60 Sections and VI Schedules- divided into Eight Chapters

An overview of Poaching as an Environmental Crime

Poaching as an Environmental Crime: Since last two decades environment has been a serious agenda at national as well as international level. Environmental crimes ie the crimes manipulating

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Public Servants Vis-a-Vis Penal Laws

Public Servants Vis-a-Vis Penal Laws: During the Mauryan Era 313 BC, in the ancient India 200 BC - 1000 AD, the Civil Servants performed the role of Personal Servants; during the medieval period 1000-1600 AD,

Democracy And The Law

Democracy and The Law: Democracy is a government by the people where supreme power lies with citizens and is exercised directly or through elected representatives.

Human Rights of Mentally Ill Persons

Human Rights of Mentally Ill Persons: Exploring the challenges, legal protections, and social justice issues faced by mentally ill patients in society.

Diplomatic Immunity in the Context of International Human Rights

Examines diplomatic immunity and its interaction with international human rights law, with reference to the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations.

Human Rights Perspective on HIV/AIDS and the Right to Employment

Explore the human rights perspective on HIV/AIDS and the right to employment. Despite decades since its discovery, stigma and discrimination against persons living with HIV/AIDS persist, impacting their access to jobs and justice.

Child labour | Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

Child labour

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Lawyers | Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

laws Related to Lawyers

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New Pleas Raised for the First Time in Appeals Under Article 136

Explore how new pleas are raised for the first time in appeals under Article 136, including plea on facts and plea of law, with Supreme Court insights.

Practice of Supreme Court in Respect of Condonation of Delay in Filing Special Leave Petition

Explore the practice of the Supreme Court in condonation of delay for filing Special Leave Petitions, supported by landmark judgments.

Notice Before Granting Special Leave in Special Leave Petition

Supreme Court rules on notice before granting special leave, remand powers, interim relief in Article 136 appeals, compromise during pendency, and limits on hypothetical questions.

The Pendency of Appeal: Hypothetical Questions and Power to Grant Relief Under Article 136

Explore the Supreme Court’s power under Article 136 to grant relief in appeals, addressing hypothetical questions and ensuring justice between the parties.

Special Leave Petitions Against Orders of Industrial Tribunals | Supreme Court of India

Explore how the Supreme Court of India handles Special Leave Petitions (SLPs) against the orders of Industrial Tribunals under Article 136 of the Constitution.

Exemption From Surrender - Limited Leave Granted - Appeal Under Article 136 Does Not Become Infructuous

Rule 6 of Order XXI of the Supreme Court Rules requires surrender before a petition is heard, but appeal under Article 136 does not become infructuous.

Notice for Enhancement of Sentence – Moulding the Relief under Article 136 | Supreme Court Judgment

Supreme Court case: B.K. Chandrashekaran v. State of Kerala – appeal on enhancement of sentence and relief under Article 136.

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Social Media Privacy - Election laws

Social Media Privacy: Social networks and media are one of the latest frontiers for lawyers, lawmakers, politicians, entrepreneurs and academics.

Examining The Role of Media in Elections - Election laws

Examining The Role of Media in Elections: Media has an important role in the democratic process. It provides valuable information to the governed public and citizens with relation to the entire electoral process.

Banning Films or Article 19(1)(A) - Film laws in India

Banning Films or Article 19(1)(A): The banning of films also has some other implications. While a film is banned, it does not only affect the freedom of speech and expression of the director or producer, it affects the economical aspects of many people which are also guaranteed under Article 19(1)(g) of the Constitution

Sting Operation � To Be or Not to Be in India

Sting Operation: An operation designed to catch a person committing a crime by means of deception. A complicated confidence game planned and executed with great care.

Freedom of Press vis-a-vis Responsible Journalism

Freedom of Press and Responsible Journalism: The strength and importance of media in a democracy is well recognized. Article 19(1)(a) of the Indian Constitution, which gives freedom of speech and expression includes within its ambit, freedom of press

Freedom of Press - Printing Media Law

Explore the importance of Freedom of the Press in a democratic society. Understand how media law protects the right to free expression.

The Cable Television Networks (Regulation) Act, 1995

An overview of The Cable Television Networks (Regulation) Act, 1995, outlining procedural laws, rules, regulations, and punishments related to Cable TV networks in India.

The Key to Successful Film Finance in India

the key to successful film finance: Lack of financing for your film is the only obstacle in the way of your box office success

Entertainment law in India

Entertainment law in India: Working in the film industry is full of complications and stress. Why complicate matters further by being dishonest, undignified and unfair

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Does India Really Need a Data Exclusivity Law

Data Exclusivity refers to a practice whereby, for a fixed period of time, drug regulatory authorities do not allow the test data of the innovator company to be used to register a equivalent generic version of that medicine.

Legal Dimensions of Information Technology - issues of copyright

Section 14 of the Indian Copyright Act, 1957 enumerates certain activities which are exclusive rights for the author of the work who can do or authorize someone to do all or a part of those activities. These, when done by unauthorized person or without the explicit permission of the copyright holders, amounts to a breach or infringement of copyright.

Digital Signatures - laws governing Digital Signatures in India

Digital signatures: Since the advent of the Internet and the gradual conversion of paperwork to computer files, a need has been felt to bring in security and trustworthiness to Internet transactions.

Electronic agents are helpful and without risks for business as well as consumers

Electronic agents: Electronic fund transfers (EFTs) transactions are made between financial institutions, including employers paying salaries to accounts, and a large manufacturing company may order components automatically and electronically.

Data Theft in Cyber Space � Issues and Laws

Data Theft in Cyber Space � Issues and Laws: The rapid development of Information technology poses new challenges before the law. These challenges are not confined to any single traditional legal category but arise in

Identity Theft

Identity Theft: Almost everyone knows someone who has been a victim, yet many still believe it only happens to others.

Breach of Privacy and Confidentiality under Information Technology Act, 2000

Breach of privacy and confidentiality under the Information Technology Act, 2000: Understand the conceptual and legal dimensions of privacy, and how it is protected under Indian cyber law.

Cyber Crimes and Cyber Law - The Indian Perspective

Explore Cyber Crimes and Cyber Law in India: cyber fraud, hacking, cyber harassment, and legal remedies. Learn about rights, laws, and protection online.

Cyber Terrorism and Various Legal Compliances

Cyber Terrorism and Various Legal Compliances: Understanding unlawful attacks on persons, property, and infrastructure under legal frameworks.

Cyber Crimes and General Principles

Cyber Crimes and General Principles: As the new millennium dawned, the computer has gained popularity in every aspect of our lives, including its use by persons involved in committing crimes.

Cyber Squatting - Clear and Present Danger | Abusive Domain Name Registration

Cyber Squatting: deliberate bad faith registration of well-known trademarks as domains to resell, exploit rivals, or gain unfair advantage over brand reputation.

Cyber Crime And Law - Indian Perspective

Cyber Crime And Law - Indian Perspective: Information Technology solutions have paved a way to a new world of internet, business networking and e-banking, budding as a solution to reduce costs, change the sophisticated economic affairs to more easier, speedy, efficient, and time saving method of transactions.

The BPO Strategy - New Mantra for Corporate Efficiency in India

Discover how Business Process Outsourcing (BPO) drives corporate efficiency in India. Insights on strategy, legal issues, and corporate governance.

Need for Conversion of The Convergence Bill in India

Explore the need for conversion of The Convergence Bill in India, replacing outdated telecom and media laws to ensure modern regulation and digital governance.

Data Safety and Privacy Protection - Cyber Security Laws in India

Data safety and privacy protection in India. Explore cyber security laws, legislation on data protection, and user privacy rights in eCommerce.

The Menace of Cyber Crime - Hacking - IP Spoofing - Password attacks - E-mail scams - Pornography on The Net

Menace of Cyber Crime: The word cyber and its relative dot.com are probably the most commonly used terminologies of the modern era. In the information age the rapid development of computers, telecommunications and other technologies

Cyber Elections in India - Electronic Voting laws in India

Cyber Elections: IT Act 2000 gave electronic document, legal recognition leading to ever increasing use of Electronic Voting Machines in the elections to record, process and store the votes cast in India.

Defamation on the web - Lunney v. Prodigy

Defamation on the web: law of defamation addresses harm to a person's reputation or good name through slander and libel

Can Independent Non-Executive Directors Become The Directing Mind And Will Of The Corporation? - Author - Pawan Agarwalla - CA

Report by Derek Higgs into the role and effectiveness of non-executive directors was published.

IPO - Intellectual Property Office

Details of the Intellectual Property Office in India, including patents, trademarks, designs, and more.

The Information Technology Act, 2000 - India

An Act to provide legal recognition for electronic transactions and e-commerce in India, under The Information Technology Act, 2000.

The Nature And Functions of Intellectual Property Law

The Nature And Functions of Intellectual Property Law: Intellectual property law ensures private property rights enabling individual and business to appropriate to themselves the value of the information they produce and encourage them to produce more.

Care For Your Intellectual Property

Care For Your Intellectual Property: Explore the importance of intellectual property in law, business, science, technology, healthcare, arts, and literature.

E-Contracts and Its Legality

E-Contracts and Its Legality: An e-contract is a digital agreement executed through software systems, conceptually similar to traditional paper-based contracts.

Outsourcing To India: Legal And Tax Consideration

Outsourcing To India: India has emerged as a leading destination for outsourcing software development and business processes. Explore legal, tax, and regulatory considerations for companies entering into contracts with Indian service providers.

Geographical Indications

Geographical Indications: The whole world in its present form is driven by innovation, transforming gramophone records to iPods, abacuses to computers, penny mail to email, TV antennas to Dish TV, banks to ATMs, and bullock carts to BMWs.

IPR And Enforcement Mechanism

Explore the objectives and enforcement mechanisms of Intellectual Property Rights (IPR), including copyright liability, technological enforcement, and legal frameworks.

E-Contracts: Key Issues in Formation & Enforcement

Explore e-contracts, their formation, legal issues, and challenges in electronic trading in the digital era.

Servers & Routers in India by a Foreign Entity | Legal Service India

Explore whether placing servers and routers in India by a foreign entity constitutes a Permanent Establishment under Indian tax laws.

Intellectual Property Rights: A Boon to Indian Companies

Explore how Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) act as a boon to Indian companies by driving innovation, protecting creativity, and boosting global competitiveness.

Cyber Ethics in India

Cyber Ethics in India: In legal phraseology and prospectus are very wide terms and very much intermingled. These cannot be confined by words. Ethics and morality in different circumstances connotes varied and complex meanings

Online Defamation and Various Legal Issues

Online defamation in India under Section 499 IPC: legal definitions, judicial pronouncements, and cyber law considerations.

Does India have a Data Protection Law?

India currently lacks a comprehensive data protection law. The absence of a robust framework has raised concerns amid rising cyber crimes and privacy issues.

Breach of Confidentiality and Various Legal Issues

Explore breach of confidentiality and legal issues in India, covering right to privacy, cyber law, CPC, and implications for lawyers.

Data Retention Policies - Compliance and Emerging Requirements

Data Retention Policies: Electronic data retention and document compliance are crucial in today's legal and business world. Learn about workplace, banking, tax, and corporate record retention requirements.

Data Protection Act - Its Need in India

Data Protection Act: Protect private lives in India by safeguarding personal information, including health and personal domicile, ensuring privacy and minimal turmoil.

Data Protection Law In India

Data Protection Law in India: Understanding the legal framework surrounding technological crimes, the IT Act, 2000, and recent developments.

Emergence of Knowledge Economy

Emergence of Knowledge Economy: A knowledge economy is one in which knowledge is the key resource.

Cyber Terrorism - The Dark Side of the Web World

Cyber terrorism is the premeditated use of disruptive activities, or the threat thereof, in cyberspace, with the intention to further social, ideological, religious, political or similar objectives, or to intimidate any person in furtherance of such objectives.

Cyber-Crime Hardships To Curb It

crime is an act or omission, which is prohibited by the law particularly criminal. Cyber-Crime is the most specialized and dynamic field in cyber laws

Information Technology Act — Strengths, Shortcomings & Suggested Amendments

Analysis of India’s Information Technology Act — strengths, shortcomings and suggested amendments for a robust cyberlaw framework.

The Contractual Validity of E-Contracts

Explore the contractual validity of E-Contracts including Click-wrap, Shrink-wrap, and Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) agreements.

Priviledged Legal Communications

Priviledged Legal Communications: well planned body of law based on wise concepts of social justice, a judicial hierarchy comprised of the Bench and the Bar, learned in the law and inspired by high principles of professional conduct and existence of suitable generation to ensure fair trial

Making the Most of Copyright in the UK

Making the Most of Copyright in the UK: Generally speaking, determining who owns copyright is a straightforward question. The author of a qualifying work is typically the initial copyright holder.

Plagiarism in India

Plagiarism: Plagiarism is now considered to be an academic sin by Universities all across the world. he word plagiarism comes from the Latin word plagiare which means to kidnap.

Trade Secret: Protection of Intellectual Property Rights

Trade Secret is a powerful tool to safeguard Intellectual Property Rights. Learn about protection under TRIPS Agreement, Paris Convention, and European Convention.

Research | Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

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Research | Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

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Research | Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

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Company Laws In India

The word Company is an amalgamation of the Latin word Com meaning with or together and Pains meaning bread. Originally, it referred to a group of persons who took their meals together.

Insurance Companies in India

Insurance Companies: The Insurance Act came into force on July 1, 1939, to consolidate and amend laws relating to life and general insurance businesses, replacing earlier acts from 1912 and 1922.

Human Rights, Environment and Industrial Disaster: A Stand on India

Explore Human Rights, Environment and Industrial Disasters in India, including insights from Mahatma Gandhi and lessons from the Bhopal tragedy.

Strikes and Lockouts: Understanding Labour and Industrial Disputes

Strikes and Lockouts: Explore the dynamics of labour-capital relations, grievance mechanisms, and industrial dispute laws in India.

Operational Risk Management under Basel II, COSO-ERM & Maturity Model

Explore operational risk management under Basel II with insights from COSO-ERM and Maturity Model, crucial for today's banking and financial sector.

Mergers in Pharma Sector - Cynosure of The New-Age Takeovers

Explore the transformative mergers in India's pharmaceutical sector over the past two decades, driven by liberalization, globalization, and technology.

WTO and Development in Developing Countries Perspective

Explore the challenges of WTO and development from the perspective of developing countries, addressing economic disparities and global trade agendas.

Incorporation of Companies

Incorporation of companies: In India, the following types of business entities are available: Private Limited Co, Public Limited Co, Limited Liability Partnership (LLP)

Lacunae of Operational Risk

Lacunae of Operational Risk: With the commencement of Basel I, banks understood how to optimize benefits and invest in markets to manage operational risk effectively.

Mergers and Acquisitions: Insights and Purpose in Corporate Strategy

Explore Mergers and Acquisitions: Combining companies under one entity, legal framework, takeover procedures, and corporate benefits.

From GATT to WTO

From GATT to WTO: The WTO was established on 1st January 1995, following a long history dating back to 1945.

Wagering Contracts | Legal Service India

Wagering Contracts: Understand the meaning, legality, and implications of staking something of value on uncertain events like horse races, lotteries, or competitions.

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Standards & Guidelines � Legal Insights

Explore Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) standards and guidelines from a legal perspective, including international frameworks and compliance requirements.

External Commercial Borrowings: A Perspective on Recent Changes

Explore the legal framework of External Commercial Borrowings in India following the RBI's latest Master Circular on ECBs and Trade Credits.

Duties and Liabilities of Officers of a Company | Legal Service India

Explore the duties and liabilities of company officers under Indian Corporate Law, including the Companies Act and related regulations.

Protection of Investors by SEBI: Achievements & Future Perspectives

Explore SEBI's role in protecting investors, its achievements, and future perspectives for safeguarding investor interests in India.

Relevance of Quasi-Contracts | Legal Service India

Explore the relevance of quasi-contracts in law: situations where obligations arise without a contract or tort, including quantum meruit and voluntary payments.

Shareholders Agreement: Put Option Explained

Explore the enforceability of Put Options in Shareholders Agreements. Understand legal implications, SCRA violations, and investor exit strategies.

Alternate Dispute Resolution and the Common Man

Alternate Dispute Resolution and the Common Man: Speedy disposal of cases is an important issue for all concerned with the proper administration of justice. Alternate Dispute Resolution offers a less adversarial alternative to traditional litigation.

Infrastructure Investments in India

Explore infrastructure investments in India, covering renewable energy, power, telecom, airports, highways, railways, and ports—key drivers of economic growth and competitiveness.

LLP in India

LLP in India: The number of companies in India has rise tremendously due to various reason primarily being industrial revolution and the implementation of 5 yr plans.

Section 372A of the Companies Act

Section 372A of the Companies Act, 1956 The Act deals with intercorporate Loan, Investment, Guarantee and Securities in connection with loan.

Anti-Dumping Laws

Anti-Dumping Laws: The trade certified by GATT is like the fox put in charge of the hen house. The fox is clever enough not only to eat the hens, but also to convince the farmer that it is the way things ought to be.

Downward Trend of Indian Real Estate - A Boon for NRI

The Indian real estate sector faces a downturn due to global recession, creating investment opportunities for NRIs amid job cuts and tighter bank policies.

Directors of a Company in India

Directors of a Company: A company is a legal entity and acts through natural persons. Learn about the role, duties, and liabilities of directors under Indian corporate law.

Globalization: Indian Economy

The Indian economy experienced major policy changes in the early 1990s, leading to the adoption of Liberalization, Privatization, and Globalization (LPG model). This article explores the challenges and opportunities of globalization.

Promoter/Promoter Group

Though the term Promoter finds its place in company law, it is not defined under the Companies Act, 1956. This article explores the role of Promoters and Promoter Groups under Indian legal and regulatory frameworks.

Predatory Pricing

Predatory pricing is a strategy involving temporarily setting prices below production cost to eliminate competition and later gain higher profits.

Domicile of a Pseudo-Foreign Corporation: Comparative Study of American and Indian Law

Comparative study of domicile rules for pseudo-foreign corporations under American and Indian law. Analysis of business entities incorporated abroad but operating locally.

Promotion and Formation of a Company - Registration of the Company

Refers to the entire process by which a company is brought into existence. It starts with the conceptualisation of the birth a a company and determination of the purpose for which it is to be formed.

Capital of a Company - shareholders rights - Types of shares

Capital refers to the amount invested in the company so that it can carry on its activities. In a company capital refers to share capital.

Charge - Registration of charges

A charge means an interest or right which a lender or creditor obtains in the property of the company by way of security that the company will pay back the debt. Charges are of 2 types.

General Meetings - Kinds of Company Meetings - Duties of the chairman

A company is an association of several persons. Decisions are made according to the view of the majority. Various matters have to be discussed and decided upon.

Accounts and Audit Of A Company - Auditors of Company - Inter Corporate Loans and Investments

Company law: topic discussed here are Accounts, Audit and Auditors of Company, Inter Corporate Loans and Investments

Remuneration of Directors - Prevention of Oppression and Mismanagement

The remuneration payable to the directors of a company, including any managing or whole-time director, shall be determined.

Dematerialized Securities

Dematerialized Securities are securities held in electronic form as entries in the depositories’ books, without physical certificates.

Winding up of a Company

Winding up of a company is defined as a process by which the life of a company is brought to an end and its property administered for the benefit of its members and creditors.

The Companies (Amendment) Bill 2001 | Legal Analysis

The Companies (Amendment) Bill 2001 introduces the National Company Law Tribunal (NCLT), consolidating powers of CLB, BIFR, AAIFR, and High Courts for company law matters.

External Commercial Borrowings – The Master Blaster of the Corporate World

External Commercial Borrowings (ECB) play a crucial role in the corporate world by supporting financial growth and operations. The Indian corporate sector, one of the world's strongest financial markets, is significantly impacted by this three-letter acronym.

Market Ambushing in India

Market Ambushing in India: Understanding how companies use ambush marketing strategies to gain attention without official sponsorship.

Poison Pills: Doing the vanishing act?

Poison Pills: Poison pills form the very heart of the corporate re-structuring, mergers and acquisitions. The origin of the term can be attributed to the domain of espionage and refers to the cyanide pill spies are instructed to swallow rather than face capture.

Nomination by Shareholders of a Director from the Promoter Company

Nomination by shareholders of a director from the promoter company: Overview of legal provisions under the Companies Act, roles of independent directors, and implications for corporate governance in India.

Combating Hostile Takeovers in India

Combating Hostile Takeovers: The two terms mergers and acquisition represent the ways by strategies used by companies to buy, sell and recombine businesses.

Choice of Law by the Parties to the Contract

Explore how parties to a contract determine applicable law in cross-border agreements. Understand legal complexities in globalization-era contracts.

Mergers in India

Merger is a tool used by companies to expand operations and improve long-term profitability in India.

SEBI on Insider Trading

SEBI on Insider Trading: Forces of demand and supply regulate share prices. When people buy shares of a particular company from the stock market, the share price increases.

Corporate Insolvency and Restructuring

Corporate Insolvency and Restructuring: Generally speaking, it is almost impossible to conceive of a business that is completely insolvency-free. Laws relating to corporate insolvency and restructuring serve several objectives.

The Retail Sector In India and FDI

The Retail Sector In India And FDI: The Retail Sector is the largest sector in India after agriculture, accounting for over 10 per cent of the country�s GDP and around 8 per cent of the employment.

Cross Border Mergers and Takeovers: A Recent Trend

Explore the growing trend of cross border mergers and takeovers, their impact on global competitiveness, and legal implications in company law.

Options Available For A Foreign Entity To Invest In India

Options Available For A Foreign Entity To Invest In India: Foreign Direct Investment FDI has emerged as an eminent source of economic development and employment generation for developing countries

Industrial Disputes: How to be Settled?

Learn how industrial disputes are settled in India, covering legal remedies, CPC provisions, labor laws, and dispute resolution mechanisms.

Whistle blowers and the law - The Sarbanes-Oxley Act

the process by which employees working in a public or private corporation blow the whistle or disclose claims of malpractices by or within the organizations.

Jurisdiction in International Letter of Credits

Explore jurisdiction issues in international letters of credit, CPC applicability, and legal insights for lawyers and global trade disputes.

Right to Strike under Industrial Dispute Act, 1947 - Industry Laws in India

Right to strike under Industrial Dispute Act, 1947: Understanding workers' rights, duties, and legal aspects in industrial disputes in India.

Mergers and Amalgamations an Executive Summary of Proceedings

Mergers and Amalgamations an Executive Summary of Proceedings: The procedure for the amalgamation of two companies has to be viewed from the Transferor and Transferee Company

Criminal Liability of Corporate Bodies - Corporate Laws in India

Criminal liability of corporate bodies in India: Understanding company liability, mens rea, and legal perspectives under corporate laws.

Regulation of Debentures Issue - An Overview

Regulation of Debentures Issue: Understanding debentures, their legal framework, issuance process, and role in raising loan capital for companies.

Constitutional Documents of a Company | Memorandum & Articles of Association

Learn about constitutional documents of a company including the Memorandum of Association and Articles of Association under Indian company law.

Why is NBFC a House Divided unto Itself

NBFCs (Non-Banking Financial Companies) in India often come under RBI scrutiny. Explore why the sector is a house divided unto itself.

Demerger or Hiving-Off: The Way Forward For Businesses In India

Explore the concept of demerger or hiving-off in India, its legal aspects, benefits for businesses, and future scope under corporate law.

Directors and Managing Directors

Every company must maintain proper books of accounts of its affairs. The following transactions must be entered in the books of accounts of the company which must be kept at its registered office.

Meetings of Board - Boards powers and restrictions thereon

In the case of every company, a meeting of its Board of directors shall be held at least once every three months and at least four such meetings must be held every year.

Disclosure of Director's Interest - Loans to directors

No company, without obtaining the prior approval of the Central Government in this behalf, can make any loan to, or give any guarantee or provide any security in connection with a loan made by any other person, to or to any other person.

Arbitration, Compromises, Arrangements and Reconstruction - Company Laws In India

The Court shall not approve of such a scheme unless it is satisfied that the Company or the applicant has disclosed to the Court all material facts relating to the company such as the latest financial position of the company, the latest auditor's report, details of any investigation pending against the company, etc

Restraint of Trade and Post Employment Covenants

Restraint of Trade and Post Employment Covenants: Any term of a contract of employment which operates in restraint of trade is, prima facie, contrary to public policy and therefore unenforceable.

Origin and Evolution of the Modern Company Law

Traces the origin and evolution of modern company law in India � from partnerships to corporate frameworks, landmark judgments, and reforms.

Are Regulatory and Compensatory Taxes Violative of Article 301?

Are regulatory and compensatory taxes violative of Article 301: Article 301 states that trade, commerce, and intercourse throughout India shall be free.

What Is Globalisation?

What Is Globalisation: Globalization often described as the cause of much turbulence and change, is in fact the umbrella term for the collective effect, the change itself Globalization

Interpretation of Fiscal Statutes | Legal Service India

Interpretation of Fiscal Statutes: Section 12 of the Companies Act, 1956, outlines the procedure for forming an incorporated company in India.

The First Premium - Life Insurance law

The First Premium: The article accentuates on a situation for payment of The First Premium to Life Insurance through cheque

Lifting The Corporate Veil - Corporate Law

Lifting The Corporate Veil: Incorporation by registration was introduced in 1844 and the doctrine of limited liability followed in 1855. Subsequently in 1897.

Office or Place of Profit - Scope and Proposed Amendments

Office or Place of Profit: In ordinary parlance, an office or place of profit means an office or profit or position, which brings to the person holding it some pecuniary gain

Buy Back of Shares - Companies Act, 1956 | Legal Service India

Explore the provisions of share buy back under Section 77A, 77AA, and 77B of the Companies Act, 1956.

Takeover Code - An Insight

Takeover Code: A summary of the procedure for Takeovers as enshrined in the SEBI (Substantial Acquisition of Shares and Takeovers) Regulations, 1997, including amendments up to 2002.

Recovery of Debts Due to Banks and Financial Institutions

Recovery of Debts Due to Banks and Financial Institutions: The Recovery of Debts Due to Banks and Financial Institutions Act, 1993 (the Act) is almost a decade old. As with any legislation breaking new ground, the Act has been challenged in various fora including the High Courts

International Trade and Finance Current Trends And Difficulties - Malaysia

International Trade and Finance: Current Trends And Difficulties, Malaysia

Venture Capital Fund in India

Venture Capital Fund: Venture capital is a type of private equity capital typically provided by outside investors to new businesses. Generally made as cash in exchange for shares in the investee company, venture capital investments are usually high risk

Exporters Interest Protection and Multi Modal Transportation Of Goods Act, 1993

Exporters Interest Protection and Multi Modal Transportation of Goods Act, 1993: The government of India ratified the Hague Visby rules 1968 which necessitated the enactment of a favorable legislation. On the basis of the U.N convention of 1980 the multi modal transportation of goods act 1993 was enacted. This law was made effective from 16th October 1992

Third Party Beneficiary Rights

Third Party Beneficiary Rights: A guide to the principle of privity of contract and when third parties can enforce contract rights.

Malicious Prosecution under Law of Tort

Malicious Prosecution under Law of Tort: Understand malicious institution of criminal, bankruptcy or liquidation proceedings without reasonable cause.

Tortious Remedies - Injunction

Tortious Remedies - Injunction: Legal recourse without remedy is futile. Injured parties must seek damages before pursuing injunctions.

Vicarious Liability of Employers in Sexual torts committed by employees - CEDAW

Vicarious Liability of Employers in Sexual torts committed by employees: In a country which considers a female baby being born in the family as a bane to its economic position, harassing the woman anywhere is not a surprising phenomenon.

Mass Torts and MNC Liability

Mass Torts and MNC Liability: Mass Torts can be explained as �Such activity of the defendant, the harm caused by which is wide and a large number or sector of society gets affected simultaneously.

Torts in India - Whether Unnecessary or Simply Overlooked

Torts in India: Tort is a legal term in common law jurisdictions that means a civil wrong, and can also be a criminal wrong, recognized by law as grounds for a lawsuit. Its equivalent in civil law jurisdictions is delict.

Torts In India - Tortuous Liability

Torts In India: The term tort was introduced into the terminology of English Law by the French speaking lawyers and Judges of the Courts of Normandy and Angevin Kings of England.

Evidentiary Value of E-Contracts

Evidentiary Value of E-Contracts: E-Contracts are legalized by Information Technology Act but still majority feels insecure while dealing online. The reason being lack of transparency in the terms & conditions attached to the contract and the jurisdiction in case of a dispute that may arise during the pendency of a transaction with an offshore site.

Government Contracts

Government Contracts: A contract is an agreement enforceable by law which offers personal rights, and imposes personal obligations, which the law protects and enforces against the parties to the agreement.

Comprehensive Analysis of Tort - Defamation

The word tort is derived from the Latin 'tortus' meaning 'twisted'. This article explains torts with a focus on defamation and related principles.

Standard Form Contracts

Standard Form Contracts: Addressing legal challenges in the modern use of standardized contracts in large-scale commercial practices.

Effect of Non-Registration

Effect of Non-Registration: Section 69 requires registration, failing which a firm loses the right to sue. Registration is essential for the survival of a firm.

ROC | Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

laws Related to ROC

Future of Indian Immigration

Future of Indian Immigration: Globalization, which helps businesses expand into new international markets, is eroding nations� virtual borders through the Internet and blurring geographic borders as the global mobility of resources and people rises.

NRI Grievances Redressal Mechanism in India

Explore the NRI Grievances Redressal Mechanism in India established by the Ministry of Overseas Indian Affairs to address issues faced by the Indian diaspora.

US Immigrant and Non immigrant Visa Processes - U.S. Consulate General in Mumbai

The US Embassy in India, which has a visa section, is located in New Delhi. There are three additional consular posts at Mumbai (Bombay), Kolkata (Calcutta) and Chennai (Madras).

Want to Experience the India Story Firsthand - Get the Appropriate Visa

Growing interest in doing business in India has seen a rise in the number of foreigners travelling to India and this is expected to increase in the near future.

Preserving Residence as a US Green Card Holder While Residing in India

With what is perceived as the reverse brain drain, there are several foreign nationals of Indian origin returning to India to take part in India�s current economic boom.

How to Apply for US VISA - Family-based Green Cards - E2 Visas

E2 Visas and Family based Green Cards are being discussed with special reference to immigration laws in USA.

Foreigners: Visa and Registration

Foreigners: Visa and Registration The entry of foreigners, stay, movements and departure is regulated by the Acts passed by the Indian Parliament and rules framed there under by the Central Government from time to time

U.S. Citizenship - Marriage-based Green Card - Fiance Visa

Marriage-based Green Card, obtaining US citizenship, along with Fiance Visa.

Regulations Applicable To Foreigners In India

The extent Acts dealing with entry, stay and exit of foreign nationals in the country are as follows Passport (Entry into India) Act, Foreigners Act and Registration of Foreigners Act.

Ways to get a Green Card - Family Immigration - Extraordinary Individuals - Asylum - Lottery

green card is an alien registration card carried by permanent resident aliens. It entitles the holder to live and work in the United States.

Who is eligible for an H-1B Visa - Work Visas - Sponsorship

formalities and laws governing in obtaining and applying for Work Visas and H-1B Visas.

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Public Interest Litigation - Judiciary

Public Interest Litigation: Judiciary, being the sentinel of constitutional statutory rights of citizens has a special role to play in the constitutional scheme. It can review legislation and administrative actions or decisions on the anvil of constitutional law.

Public Interest Litigation - PIL

Public Interest Litigation: The way the bar has developed gives issues of legal aid and legal awareness a low priority. The traditional rules of procedure in the adversial system of law permit only a person whose rights are directly affected to approach the court.

Public Interest Litigation (PIL) A Boon or Bane

Public Interest Litigation (PIL) A Boon or Bane: The development of Public Interest Litigation (PIL) in the country has very recently uncovered its own pitfalls and drawbacks. The genuine causes and cases of public interest have in fact receded to the background and irresponsible PIL activists

Rights of Senior Citizen - The Maintenance and Welfare of Parents and Senior Citizens Bill, 2007

Rights of Senior Citizens: Ageing is a natural process that inevitably occurs in the human life cycle. It brings with it a host of challenges for the elderly, stemming from changes in body, mind, thought processes, and living patterns.

Is Indian Army Secular

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Right to Vote vs Right Not to Vote

Analysis of the Right to Vote vs Right Not to Vote in India. Explore public opinion, electoral reforms, and legal perspectives.

Is India actually developing

Is India actually developing: Sensex has touched the 20,000 mark within a short period of time. The bulls are roaring on Dalal Street. Traders are celebrating it. The soaring Sensex has become a symbol of India's growing economy.

Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988

Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988: came into force on 9th September, 1988. It incorporated the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1947, the Criminal Law Amendment Act, 1952, and sections 161 to 165-A of the Indian Penal Code.

Freedom of Art Under Siege in India

Freedom of art under siege in India: 'Obscenity' is defined under Section 292 of the Indian Penal Code. Article 19(1)(a) of the Constitution of India guarantees the right to freedom of speech and expression.

The Code for Self-Regulation in Advertising

The advertising industry in India follows an efficient self-regulation mechanism, ensuring that advertisements do not violate the Code of Self-Regulation as outlined by the Advertising Standards Council of India (ASCI).

Voluntary Intoxication

Voluntary Intoxication: nature and scope of intoxication under Section 85 and Section 86 of Indian Penal Code

Significance of Lok Adalat

Significance Of Lok Adalat: The year 1986 is a �Magna Carta� in the history of Consumerism. It was this year that witnessed the enactment of the Consumer Protection Act

Legal Aid Movement: Development, Progress, and Present Scenario

Explore the Legal Aid Movement: its evolution, key milestones, and the present scenario ensuring justice and legal rights for all.

Legal Aid in India: Humanitarian Support for the Underprivileged

Legal Aid in India ensures justice for the poor, governed by law and humanitarian principles, protecting rights and duties in society.

Legal Services Authorities Act, 1987 | Legal Aid Law in India & Lok Adalat

Learn about the Legal Services Authorities Act, 1987, Lok Adalat, and India's legal aid framework. Explore Supreme Court judgments, legal issues, and articles.

Legal Aid in India

Legal Aid: Legal aid may be taken to mean free legal assistance to the poor persons in any judicial proceedings before the Court, Tribunals or any authority.

A Brief History of Legal Aid

Explore the history of legal aid in India and worldwide, providing free legal services to the poor and needy who cannot afford a lawyer.

Legal Aid - A Myth or Reality

Legal Aid - A Myth or Reality: Seven hundred years old clarion call of Magna Carta — 'To no one will we sell, to no one will we refuse or delay the right to justice' very pertinently embodies the principle of legal aid.

Legal Aid in India

Legal Aid: Section 2(1)(c) of the Legal Services Authorities Act, 1987 mentions rendering of any service in the conduct of any case or other legal proceeding before any court, authority or tribunal and the giving of advice on any legal matter to provide free and competent legal services to the weaker section of the society

Working of Statute of Legal Aid in India

Legal Aid in India refers to the organized efforts by bar councils, the community, and the government to provide legal services free or at minimal cost to those who cannot afford them. The inability to access legal representation can be equivalent to being denied the protection of law.

Concept of Social Justice and the Poor

Explore the Concept of Social Justice and the Poor: Originating with Luigi Taparelli in 1840 and popularized by Antonio Rosmini in 1848.

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Supreme Court Guidelines on FIR

Supreme Court Guidelines on FIR: Directions on registration of FIRs explained clearly in this article.

S.45 of Law of Evidence and Its Lacunas

S.45 of Law of Evidence and its Lacunas: An analysis of Expert Opinion under S.45 of the Indian Evidence Act, 1872, explained in simple terms.

Indian System of Bail - Anti Poor Bail Laws in India

Explore the Indian system of bail, its challenges for the poor, Supreme Court judgments, and the legal position of bail laws in India.

Status of Jails in Punjab

Comprehensive overview of jails in Punjab, including open-air jails, female jails, and historical evolution of jail terminology.

Motive Preparation and Previous or Subsequent Conduct

Motive Preparation and Previous or Subsequent Conduct: Section 8 of the Evidence Act, Motive, Preparation and Previous or Subsequent Conduct Any fact is relevant which shows or constitutes a motive or preparation for any fact in issue or relevant fact

Retrospective Operations of Criminal Law

Retrospective Operations of Criminal Law: The essentiality of a right to protection from retroactive criminal law has generally been accepted without argument. Literature on the justification for the principle is scarce.

Prison Reforms In Indian Prison System

Prison Reforms In Indian Prison System: All men are born equal and are endowed by their creator with some basic rights. These rights are mainly right to life and liberty.

Media and Child Protection: Indian Scenario

Media and Child Protection in India: Examining the use of a child's identity by media in a recent Begusarai case and its implications under Indian child rights law.

Privilege in Matrimonial Communication and the Abuse of Its Sanctity

Privilege in matrimonial communication and the abuse of its sanctity refers to the confidential exchange of information between spouses and how such privilege may be misused.

International Criminal Court and Universal Jurisdiction

International Criminal Court and Universal Jurisdiction: Sacrificing sovereignty for security. The ICC is an organ meant to preserve and maintain a just social order.

Capital Punishment: Revisiting the Abolition-Retention Debate

Explore the debate on capital punishment in India, balancing reformative and deterrent theories with insights from Supreme Court judgments and legal perspectives.

Laws Governing Extradition: A Special Reference to Abu Salem's Extradition

Extradition refers to the surrender of an alleged or convicted criminal by one State to another. This article explores the laws governing extradition with a special focus on Abu Salem's case.

185th Report of the Law Commission of India: A Review

A detailed review of the 185th Report of the Law Commission of India, focusing on the review of the Indian Evidence Act, 1872.

Rights of Victims under Criminal Justice System - Criminal Law

Explore the rights of victims under the criminal justice system in India. Legal perspectives, court judgments, and criminal law issues explained.

Treatment And Protection Of Witnesses In India

Treatment And Protection of Witnesses In India: In the matter of Swaran Singh v. State of Punjab, a witness has to visit the Court at his own cost, every time the case is differed for a different date

Victims of Trafficking in India - Legal Rights & the Flesh Trade

Know the legal rights and protections available to victims of trafficking in India. Explore relevant laws addressing bonded labour, prostitution, organ trade, child marriage, and more.

What Will You Do When Police Is Coming to Arrest You

What to do when the police are coming to arrest you: To affect an arrest, police must make it clear that a person is no longer free, either by words or actions.

Res Gestae

Res Gestae: a Latin phrase meaning things done is an exception to the rule against Hearsay evidence. Res gestae is based on the belief that because certain statements are made naturally, spontaneously and without deliberation during the course of an event

Juvenile Justice: A Comparative Study with the U.K.

Explore the nuances of juvenile justice in India and the U.K., focusing on legal protections, mens rea, and the evolving understanding of minors in law.

Anti-terrorism laws in India and The need of POTA

Anti-terrorism laws in India: After the 9/11 attacks on the world trade center the worlds outlook towards the terrorist and terrorist organization has changed the laws have become much more stringent to curb such activities.

Download Affidavit and Types of Certificates forms - Issued by the Office of the Deputy Commissioner (South), New Delhi

Download Schedule Caste (SC/ST) Certificate - Delhi, Other Backward Class (OBC) Certificate, Marriage Registration Under Hindu Marriage Act, Marriage Registration Under Special Marriage Act, Domicile Form, Nationality, Solvency, Handicapped, SC caste Certificate(Other State), Affidavit for Birth Order, Affidavit for Death Order, Affidavit for Freedom Fighter Certificate, Affidavit for Income Certificate, Affidavit for Solvancy, Affidavit for Surviving Member in India.

Non-Bailable Warrants - CRPC

Detailed analysis of Non-Bailable Warrants under the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (Sections 70, Chapter VI, Part B). Jurisprudence and key case references included.

Decriminalization of Homosexuality in India - Legal Perspective

Decriminalization of Homosexuality in India: A critical legal perspective on Section 377, LGBTQ+ rights, equality, and constitutional law in India.

Can Section 304-A of IPC Be a License to Kill?

Section 304-A of the Indian Penal Code punishes causing death by negligence. This provision was introduced in 1870 through an amendment.

Dying Declaration by Rape Victims - A Critical Analysis

A critical analysis of dying declarations by rape victims under Section 32 of the Indian Evidence Act and its implications in criminal law.

Why Do Prosecution Witnesses Turn Hostile

The most controversial and dilemmatic situation in a judicial process arises when the prosecution witness turn hostile and thus result in the acquittal of the accused even if he has committed a serious crime.

IPC Section 498A: A Critical Analysis of Matrimonial Cruelty

A detailed critical analysis of IPC Section 498A, addressing matrimonial cruelty, its legal implications, misuse concerns, and impact on society.

Principles of Jeremy Bentham and Supreme Court of India - Case Comment - Olga Tellis and Ors. v. Bombay Municipal Corporation

Explore Jeremy Bentham's principles and the Supreme Court of India's judgment in Olga Tellis v. Bombay Municipal Corporation - a landmark case comment.

Summary Court Martial and the Indian Judiciary

The Indian Army continues to follow a military justice system inherited from the British, even though the UK has modernized its approach to justice.

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Labour laws | Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

Labour laws and their concerned issues

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Trade laws and Trade Unions

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Afghanistan Law | Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

Law of Afghanistan mentioned here

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Articles on Cameroon Laws are mentioned here

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Same Sex Relationship - Time for Legal Recognition in India

Same-sex relationship in India: Exploring the need for legal recognition, human rights implications, and evolving perspectives on LGBTQ+ rights.

Recognition of Homosexuality in India - It's Time

Recognition of Homosexuality in India: Homosexuality is neither a mental illness nor moral depravity. It is simply the way some express love and sexuality.

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Same Sex Marriage | Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

Same Sex Marriage

The Hindu Succession Act - Inheritance of Property of Female Hindu Dying Intestate

The Hindu Succession Act, 1956: Analysis of inheritance rights of female Hindus dying intestate, legal provisions, Supreme Court judgments, and key issues.

The Marumakkattayam And Aliyasantana System

Explore the Marumakkattayam and Aliyasantana system of inheritance and succession laws in India, highlighting its unique legal and cultural aspects.

Intestate Succession: Devolution of Property After The Death of A Hindu Without A Will

Explore the legal framework of Intestate Succession under Hindu law. Understand how property is devolved when a Hindu dies without a will, including key legal principles and implications.

Property Law: Section 44 of the Transfer of Property Act, 1882

Property Law, Section 44 of the Transfer of Property Act, 1882: The term property in common parlance indicates the economic status of a person. Any property is held by an individual to draw out benefit from it

State Succession in International Law - Debt, Property and Asset

State Succession in International Law - Debt, Property and Asset: the law of state succession presents a diverse practice and theoretical analysis, often resistant to simple exposition.

Family Law: Son's Pious Obligation Explained

Under Hindu law, a son is bound by a pious obligation to repay his father's debts using ancestral property, unless the debts are immoral or illegal.

International Court of Justice

The International Court of Justice is the principal judicial organ of the United Nations, located at the Peace Palace in The Hague, Netherlands.

The Court of Cassation - Highest Court of Appeal

The Court of Cassation is the highest court in the French judiciary. Established during the French Revolution in 1790, it ensures uniform interpretation of law and justice.

Supreme Court of the United States - Highest Court of Appeal

Learn about the Supreme Court of the United States, the highest court of appeal with authority over federal and state cases involving U.S. constitutional and federal law.

The Supreme Constitutional Court of Egypt - Highest Court of Appeal

The Supreme Constitutional Court of Egypt (SCC), established in 1979, is the highest judicial authority responsible for reviewing the constitutionality of laws, interpreting legislative texts, and serving as the nation’s top court of appeal.

Supreme Court of Appeal South Africa - Highest Court of Appeal

The Supreme Court of Appeal in Bloemfontein is South Africa�s highest court for all matters except constitutional cases. Learn about its judges, judgments, cause lists, and more.

Supreme Court of Bangladesh - Highest Court of Appeal

Supreme Court of Bangladesh: Originating from the Indian sub-continent, the court stands as the highest appellate authority and court of record in Bangladesh.

The Supreme Court of Canada - Highest Court of Appeal

The Supreme Court of Canada, established in 1875, serves as the final court of appeal in Canada's judicial system. Learn about its history, role, judges, judgments, and decisions.

Supreme Court of England - Highest Court of Appeal

Supreme Court of England: Established to ensure a complete separation between the United Kingdom�s senior Judges and the Upper House of Parliament.

Supreme Court of Sri Lanka - Highest Court of Appeal

Explore the Supreme Court of Sri Lanka, the highest and final court of appeal ensuring justice under the Constitution. Access cause lists, judgments, and court updates.

The Supreme People's Court - Highest Court of Appeal

The Supreme People's Court (SPC) is the highest judicial organ in China, responsible to the National People's Congress and its Standing Committee.

Andhra Pradesh High Court - Court of Record

Andhra Pradesh High Court: History Functionality of Andhra Pradesh High Court has been given in details here

The Gauhati High Court - Court of Record

The Gauhati High Court was established on 1 March 1948 after the Government of India Act 1935 was passed. It was originally known as the High Court of Assam and Nagaland, but renamed as Gauhati High Court in 1971 by the North East Areas (Reorganization) Act, 1971.

Rajasthan High Court - Court of Record

The Rajasthan High Court was established on 21 June 1949 under the Rajasthan High Court Ordinance, 1949. The seat of the court is at Jodhpur. The court has a sanctioned judge strength of 40.

Patna High Court - Court of Record

Patna High Court was established on 3 February 1916 and later affiliated under the Government of India Act, 1915. The court is headquartered in Patna, the administrative capital of the state.

Jharkhand High Court - Court of Record

Jharkhand High Court: Jharkhand High Court was established in 2000 under the Bihar Reorganization Act, 2000, after the state of Jharkhand was carved out of the state of Bihar. The court has jurisdiction over Jharkhand state.

Madhya Pradesh High Court - Jabalpur - Court of Record

The Madhya Pradesh High Court was established as the Nagpur High Court on 2 January 1936 under the Government of India Act 1935.

Gujarat High Court - Court of Record

Gujarat High Court: The seat of the court is Ahmedabad. The court has a sanctioned judge strength of 42

High Court of Jammu and Kashmir - Court of Record

High Court of Jammu and Kashmir was established on the basis of the Order No. 1 issued by the Maharaja on 26 March 1928.

Himachal Pradesh High Court - Court of Record

Himachal Pradesh High Court: Precisely, the former Princely States had different systems of Administration and set of laws and in most of the Princely States, the administration was run on the whims of the Rulers or Wazirs and their words were considered to be the law.

Uttarakhand High Court - Nainital High court - Court of Record

Uttarakhand High Court: Uttarakhand state was carved out from erstwhile State of Uttar Pradesh on 9 November 2000 under the Uttar Pradesh Reorgansisation Act, 2000. At the time of the creation of the State, the High Court of Uttarakhand was also established on the same day at Nainital.

Karnataka High Court - Court of Record

Karnataka High Court: The High Court is located in a building called as Attara Kacheri (meaning Eighteen offices). It is a two-storied building of stone and brick, painted red, in the Graeco-Roman style of architecture

High Court of Kerala - Court of Record

High Court of Kerala is the highest court in the Indian state of Kerala and in the Union Territory of Lakshadweep.

The Allahabad High Court - Court of Record - Highest Court of Appeal

The Allahabad High Court has jurisdiction over the state of Uttar Pradesh since 1950. It was one of the first high courts to be established in India.

Chhattisgarh High Court - Court of Record

The Chhattisgarh High Court was established on 1 November 2000 after the Madhya Pradesh Reorganisation Act, 2000 was passed. It has jurisdiction over the state of Chhattisgarh. The High Court of Bilaspur is the 19th High Court of India

High Court of Sikkim - Court of Record

High Court of Sikkim: Sikkim has a past history of its own. Prior to its merger with the Union of India in the year 1975 by the Constitution

Orissa High Court - Court of Record

Orissa High Court: Government of India issued the Orissa High Court Order, 1948, under the Section 229(1) of the Government of India Act, 1935, on April 30, 1948.

High Court of Meghalaya - Court of Record

High Court of Meghalaya: The amendment of the North East Re Organisation Act, 1971 paved the way for setting up of the High Court of Meghalaya.

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Right To Information Act in India - RTI 2005

The Right to Information Act, 2005 RTI is a law enacted by the Parliament of India to provide for setting out the practical regime of right to information for citizens.

Granting Cultural and Education Rights to The Minority in India

Granting Cultural and Education Rights to The Minority in India: India is a land of myriad ethnic, religious, caste and linguistic minorities affiliated to distinct belief systems, sub-cultures and regions. Integration of these diverse communities

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A Study of Contract Labour Regulation and Abolition Act, 1970

A Study of Contract Labour Regulation and Abolition Act, 1970: In the present-day world, globalization is increasing at a very high pace and resulting in profit-oriented economies which in turn promote contract labour.

The Contract Labour (Regulation and Abolition) Act, 1970

The Contract Labour (Regulation and Abolition) Act, 1970 aims to prevent exploitation of contract labour and ensure better working conditions.

Liquidated Damages

Liquidated Damages: The Indian Contract Act, 1872, provides a structure for contract law in India, covering enforcement, non-performance, and breach of contract.

Contract Law Jurisdiction: Panama

Contract Law Jurisdiction in Panama: Under Panama Civil Law, all contracts are consensual, perfected by the mere consent of the parties.

Material Breach in India - Legal Articles & Case Law

Material Breach in India: Legal insights on breach of contract, common law, repudiatory breach, innominate terms, and Supreme Court judgments.

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Redefining the Rape laws in India: a constructive and comparative approach

rape is a crime of violence, it is not sex. at common law, rape was defined as the unlawful carnal knowledge of a woman, without her consent

Persons with Disabilities - Rights, Rehabilitation and Resource Development

Explore rights, rehabilitation, and resource development for persons with disabilities. Learn about global initiatives, legal protections, and inclusive welfare measures.

Disability and Education in India

The Persons with Disabilities Act, 1995, marked a significant step toward equal opportunities in education and nation-building for people with disabilities in India.

Human Rights of Vulnerable Sections

Human rights belong to all persons equally, irrespective of race, nationality, or social group. Learn about protections under the Human Rights Act, 1993.

Verification Certificate for ladiesofindia.in

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Law Firm Advertisement Page - SEO Google Friendly

Advertise your law firm and boost your legal website's visibility on Google and other search engines. Get higher rankings with targeted legal promotion.

Payment Gateway - Paytm, Credit Card & Cheque Payment | Legal Service India

Make payments easily through Paytm, Credit Card, or Cheque on Legal Service India's secure payment gateway.

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Ad Hoc and Institutional Arbitration

Learn about Ad Hoc and Institutional Arbitration: fair dispute resolution with flexibility, efficiency, and minimal costs under arbitration laws.

The Predicaments of Enforcing Arbitral Awards

The Predicaments of Enforcing Arbitral Awards: An arbitration award is a determination on the merits by an arbitration tribunal, analogous to a court judgment.

Singapore Arbitration - Promoting Arbitration As A Means of Resolving Commercial Disputes

Singapore Arbitration - Promoting Arbitration As A Means of Resolving Commercial Disputes, Singapore is a vibrant centre for alternative dispute resolution processes.

Application of Lex Mercatoria in International Commercial Arbitration

Explore the application of lex mercatoria in International Commercial Arbitration, rooted in medieval European trading principles.

Summary Court Martial - Ranjit Thakur vs. Union of India

Summary courts martial were not introduced into the regular army until after the 1857 Bengal Army mutiny. This article explores the legal implications, including Ranjit Thakur vs. Union of India.

Adultery - Section 497 IPC

Adultery: Adultery means voluntary sexual intercourse of a married person other than with spouse.

Trial By Media: A Legal Dilemma Resolved With Reference To Jessica Lal

Trial By Media: A Legal Dilemma Resolved With Reference To Jessica Lal. Media plays a vital role in moulding public opinion and can significantly influence how people perceive events.

Foreign Law Firms In India

Advent of foreign law firms in India: The opening of a legal firm by a Nigerian in Delhi has not only raised concerns about unauthorized legal practice, but has also revived the long-standing debate.

Should Judge be a Hermit

Should Judge be a Hermit: A person who has withdrawn from society and lives a solitary existence; a recluse is the most simple inference that can be drawn. Hermit is someone who doesn�t look for answers in others� eyes and words but looks within himself.

Examination in Chief

Examination in chief: one of the most subtle and sophisticated forms of advocacy. A good chief examination focuses entirely on the witness and their evidence, making the process appear effortless and memorable.

An Open Letter to the Bar Council of India - Advocates Protection against Malicious Prosecution Rules, 2008

To The Chairman of the Bar Council, Protection of Advocate from Arrest, Detention and remand of Police custody for the offence.

Contempt Power of Court

Learn about the Contempt Power of Court under the Contempt of Courts Act, its origins, scope, punishment, and restrictions on sub judice matters in India.

The Concept of the Contempt of Court

Contempt of Court: Anything that curtails or impairs the freedom of limits of the judicial proceedings must of necessity result in hampering of the administration of Law and in interfering with the due course of justice.

Becoming An English Solicitor

Becoming An English Solicitor: Local lawyers from certain jurisdictions can qualify to practise as solicitors in London, one of the largest financial centres in the world

Legal System in India - International Norms Influencing National Legal System

Legal System in India: The Universal Declaration of Human Rights adopted by the UN General Assembly on 10 December 1948 has been proclaimed as a common standard.

Conflict between Interest and Duties of a Lawyer

Conflict between Interest and Duties of a Lawyer: A lawyer will be constantly confronted with conflicting loyalties which they may have to reconcile.

Globalization and the Indian Legal Fraternity

Globalization and the Indian Legal Fraternity: White and Case (NYC), Chadbourne & Parke (NYC) and Ashurst Morris Corp (UK) were granted permission to set shop in India under the Foreign Exchange Regulation Act by the Reserve Bank of India.

Independence of Judiciary - Some Latent Dangers

Independence of Judiciary - Some Latent Dangers: The Constitution has tried to insulate the Judiciary from outside influence both from the Executive and the legislature.

Protection against Ex Post Facto Laws and Indian Legal Scenario

Explore the protection against Ex Post Facto Laws in India, understanding key judgments like Sarla Mudgal and relevant legal provisions. Stay informed on your rights and legal scenarios.

Right To Speedy Trial � Problems And Solutions

Right To Speedy Trial: The constitutional guarantee of speedy trial is an important safeguard to prevent undue and oppressive incarceration prior to trial; to minimize concern accompanying public accusation

Basic Principles on the Role of Lawyers | Legal Service India

Learn about the Basic Principles on the Role of Lawyers adopted by the UN Congress on the Prevention of Crime and the Treatment of Offenders, Havana, 1990.

Justice Without Power Is Inefficient – Power Without Justice Is Tyranny

Explore the balance between justice and power in legal systems. Understand how justice ensures fairness and how unchecked power leads to tyranny.

Judiciary Rights Beyond Information

Judiciary's Rights Beyond Information: Amongst the hundred million of us each one has the right to know! But how many of us really wish to know? For those of us who wish to know, doesn�t our system stifle the instinct to know?

Transfer of Property By A Co-Owner Section 44 of Transfer of Property Act

Transfer of Property By A Co-Owner Section 44 of Transfer of Property Act: Any property is held by an individual to draw out benefit from it. Transfers are made by owners themselves, ostensible owners and the co-owners or we can say joint owners.

Process of Land Acquisition

Process of Land Acquisition: The difficulties that come in the process of Land Acquisition in India are immense, given the population density and the type of land use in the country.

Land Acquisition Act � Under the Scanner of the Supreme Court

Land Acquisition Act � Under the Scanner of the Supreme Court: In India the government is empowered by the central law passed by the union legislature, which is known as the Land Acquisition Act, 1894.

Uniform Land Revenue System in India

Uniform Land Revenue System in India: Land has always been a bone of contention, whether between individuals over ownership, political parties seeking vote banks, or nations asserting territorial claims.

Temporary Occupation of Land | Legal Service India

Understand Temporary Occupation of Land under Indian law. Learn about land acquisition, state responsibilities, and legal frameworks governing land use.

Abolition of Zamindari System in Rajasthan

Abolition of Zamindari System in Rajasthan: The Public policy making is an essential function of all forms of government. But this function acquires added significance in democracy because of the participation of the people in generating ideas, influencing public opinion and involving peoples representatives in policy making through the medium of political institutions.

Constitutional Validity of the Land Acquisition Act, 1984

Constitutional Validity of the Land Acquisition Act, 1984: One can safely assert that land is perhaps the greatest gift that God has bestowed on human beings. All activities of man whether social, political or economic, revolve around the beneficial enjoyment of land.

Nemo in propria causa judex esse debet | The Rule Against Bias

No one should be a judge in their own cause. Known as the rule against bias, this principle of natural justice ensures decisions are made by impartial authorities.

Doctrine of Indoor Management and exceptions to this rule

Doctrine of Indoor Management and exceptions to this rule: The doctrine of Indoor management, popularly known as the Turquand�s rule initially arose some 150 years ago in the context of the doctrine of constructive notice

Constitutional Morality And Judicial Values

Constitutional Morality And Judicial Values: Justice and Rule of Law are perhaps two of the noblest concepts evolved by the wit of the man that survived the test of the time through out the world.

Austin�s theory of Sovereignty in modern India and Pakistan

Austin�s Theory of Law: A rule laid down for the guidance of an intelligent being by an intelligent being having power over him Law is thus strictly divorced from justice and instead of being based on ideas of good and bad, is based on the power of a superior.

Public Policy - Zoroastrian

The concept of Public Policy with reference to Zoroastrian Co-operative Housing Society Ltd vs. District Registrar, Co-operative Societies Urban Judgment

Presidential Pardon: Legal, Historical & Political Perspective

Presidential Pardon: Insights on justice and mercy decisions made by governors from legal, historical, and political perspectives.

Condition of Women Working in the Unorganised Sector

Explore the challenges faced by women in the unorganised sector, including overwork, mistreatment, and health issues.

Surrogate Advertisements: A New Judicial Concern

Explore Surrogate Advertisements: their influence, examples, and emerging judicial concerns in India.

National Commission for Women – Legal Service India

Explore the role and mandate of the National Commission for Women in India—its constitutional foundation, complaint redressal, and legal counseling functions.

Capital Punishment and Global Terrorism | Legal Service India

Exploring capital punishment in the light of global terrorism, extradition issues, 9/11 trials, and the growing debate on the death penalty in international law.

Police Firing - Perceiving the Sovereign Accountability

Police firing and sovereign accountability: balancing law enforcement with protection of civil, political, social, and cultural rights.

Analysis of The Police Act

Comprehensive analysis of The Police Act: The Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India, initiated reforms to replace the 146-year-old Police Act of 1861 by forming a Committee of Experts.

Critical Analysis on Confession

A critical analysis of the concept of confession in Indian law, examining its historical roots and the relevance of Section 28 of the Evidence Act in modern legal practice.

Need For A Witness Protection Programme - The Solution To The Problem of Hostile Witness

Need For A Witness Protection Programme - The Solution To The Problem of Hostile Witness: The role of a witness is very important in a trial. He is an indispensable aid in the justice dispensation system in any civilized society. According to Bentham, witnesses are the eyes and ears of justice.

Prevention of Money Laundering Act

Prevention of Money Laundering Act: Money laundering involves disguising financial assets so that they can be used without detection of the illegal activity that led to its production.

Terrorism Understanding the Incomprehensible - Terrorism laws in India

Terrorism Understanding the Incomprehensible: The word terrorism never sounded as grievous as it seems to be. At times brains gobble pertaining to the origin of the bloody form of holocaust, which is terrorism.

Terrorism And Human Rights: Role Of The Security Personnel And The Police

Terrorism And Human Rights - Role Of The Security Personnel And The Police: Today, both the world at large and India in particular, face daunting challenges in the task of protecting human rights of common people regardless of the country they belong to.

Beyond Reasonable Doubt

Beyond Reasonable Doubt: the well-known principle of common law has acted like a savior for the guilty. Anyone capable of hiring a witty lawyer can go scot-free just by raising the smallest possible doubt.

Hostile Witnesses: A Menace to Criminal Justice Administration

Understanding hostile witnesses in criminal cases and their impact on justice. Learn about legal provisions and landmark cases.

Comparative Study on Gender Justice

A comparative study on gender justice in India, exploring historical context, legal frameworks, and women's rights from the Vedic period to modern legislation.

The Concept of Limited Liability Partnership - Application of the LLP Regime in India and its Feasibility

Limited Liability Partnership: is a separate legal entity with unlimited capacity where no member or partner is liable on account of the independent or unauthorized actions of one's partner, and whose liability is limited to the respective stake of each in the LLP.

Special Economic Zones - Aping the Orient

Special Economic Zones: In this era of globalization, most developing countries are witnessing a shift away from an import substitution-based development strategy to an export promotion policy.

Informal Sector And Social Development In The Context of Globalization

Informal Sector and Social Development in the context of globalization: Globalization involves various forms of economic and cultural exchange between nations and affects the informal sector significantly.

Chemical Disaster Management - Policy Initiatives

Explore Chemical Disaster Management, policies, industrial hazards, and legal frameworks for safety and prevention.

Globalization: Indian Economy

Globalization - Indian Economy. The Indian economy experienced major policy changes in the early 1990s. The new economic reforms, popularly known as Liberalization, Privatization, and Globalization (LPG model), transformed India's economic landscape.

Brokers

Brokers: The stock markets in India are governed by the provisions of Securities and Exchange Board of India Act, 1992. The Securities Exchange Board of India constituted under SEBI Act, 1992.

Issue of Bonus Shares

Issue of Bonus Shares: A bonus share is a free share of stock given to current shareholders in a company, based upon the number of shares that the shareholder already owns.

India FDI Policy in Trading and Retailing Sector - Updated 2025 August

Updated 2025 August: India's FDI Policy in Trading and Retailing Sector—India has developed a comprehensive and open policy towards Foreign Direct Investment (FDI).

Special Economic Zone - What is a SEZ - Indian Economy

A Special Economic Zone (SEZ) is a geographical region with economic laws more liberal than typical national laws, created to promote foreign trade and investment.

Insider Trading in India

The practice of Insider Trading came into existence ever since the very concept of trading of securities of a company became prevalent among the investors worldwide and has now become a formidable challenge for investors all over the world.

Takeovers - Protecting Investors and the Integrity of Markets

Takeovers: This created a need for some regulation to protect the interest of investors so that the process of takeover and mergers is used to develop the securities market and not to sabotage it

Can the holder of a single share requisition the removal of the director of a company?

Can the holder of a single share requisition the removal of the director of a company: The Directors of a company are responsible for its corporate governance; they according to the organic theory are the limbs and brain of the company which though being a separate legal entity, is an unnatural person.

Companies Bill, 2009 - Companies Act in India

Companies Bill, 2009: Provisions protect investors, creditors, and the public while allowing management to optimize resources for growth.

Corporate Criminal Liability - An Analysis

Corporate Criminal Liability: A generous and elevated mind is distinguished by nothing more certainly than an eminent degree of curiosity; nor is that curiosity ever more agreeably or usefully employed, than in examining the laws and customs of foreign nations.

Concept of Demat Shares - Banking Laws and Finance Law

Concept of Demat Shares: Dematerialized securities (Demat) are securities that are not in paper form and do not have physical certificates.

Share Transfer Restrictions under the Companies Act, 1956

Learn about share transfer restrictions under the Companies Act, 1956, including rules for public and private companies, Section 82 provisions, and legal considerations.

Overseas Acquisitions/Investments By Indian Companies

Overseas Acquisitions/Investments By Indian Companies: Headlines such as these are a reflection of the emerging trend of overseas acquisitions by Indian companies.

Declaration and Distribution of Dividends by a Company

Declaration and Distribution of Dividends by a Company: Dividend is the return on the investment made in the shares (equity or preference) and is paid out of the profits of the company.

The Doctrine of Promissory Estoppel - Application to the Government

The Doctrine of Promissory Estoppel - Application to the Government. The principle of estoppel in India is a rule of evidence incorporated in Section 115 of The Indian Evidence Act, 1872.

Buy Back of Shares

Buy Back of Shares: One of the first MNCs to offer a buyback option was Royal Philips Electronics of the Netherlands, the Dutch parent of Philips India Limited, in the year 2000.

RBIs Control of Inflation - Time to look beyond Monetary Measures?

RBIs Control of Inflation:

Directors of a Company in India

Directors of a Company: A company is a legal entity and does not have any physical existence. It can act only through natural persons to run its affairs.

Most Favoured Nation Treatment Under GATT | Legal Service India

Explore the Most Favoured Nation principle under the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)�a cornerstone of WTO policy ensuring equal tariff treatment among member states.

Competition Protection

Competition Protection: The main legislation governing competition in India is the Competition Act, 2002, which repealed the Monopolies and Restrictive Trade Practices (MRTP) Act.

Euthanasia - Section 306 IPC Constitutionally Valid

Euthanasia is the practice of painlessly putting to death individuals suffering from incurable, painful, or distressing conditions.

International Status the Right to Vote

International Status the Right to Vote: Significant international treaties, including the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and regional agreements such as the American Convention on Human Rights, enshrine citizens claim to universal and equal suffrage.

Presidential Pardon and Judicial Review

Presidential Pardon and Judicial Review: In India, the President by the virtue of the Indian Constitution is the Executive Head

Indigenous Governance

Indigenous Governance: When outsiders met indigenous peoples for the first time over five centuries ago, their understanding was disparaging. Terms like aborigine, natives, tribals, scheduled tribes, ethnic minorities, and ethnic nationalities connoted backwardness and primitiveness.

Judicial Review of the Power of Pardon

Judicial Review of the Power of Pardon: The Power of Pardon was historically vested in the British monarch. At common law, a pardon was an act of mercy whereby the king forgiveth any crime, offence, punishment, execution, right, title, debt, or duty.

Silence of The Lambs – Article 20(3) in Administrative Proceedings

Explore Article 20(3) in administrative proceedings: the right against self-incrimination, with insights from American and English jurisprudence.

Silence of The Lambs - Article 20(3)

Silence of The Lambs - Article 20(3) in Administrative Proceedings: The right against self-incrimination applies when four conditions are met — the person is an accused, the testimony is compelled, the person acts as a witness, and the testimony is self-incriminating.

Corruption: A Menace in India

Corruption: A Menace in India – Society condemns corruption, yet its pervasive influence affects everyone.

Art & Expression Must Respect Religious Sentiments

Exploring the tension between freedom of expression and religious respect, this article reflects on controversial depictions of Prophet Mohammad and the global debate surrounding artistic boundaries.

42nd Constitutional Amendment: A Draconian Act of Parliament

The 42nd Constitutional Amendment is considered by many as a draconian act in Indian legal history, raising democratic concerns under a sovereign regime.

Separation of Powers: Its Scope and Changing Equations

There are three distinct activities in every government through which the will of the people is expressed — the legislative, executive, and judicial functions. This article explores the scope and changing equations of the separation of powers.

Amendability of Indian Constitution with Reference to Fundamental Rights

Amendability of Indian Constitution with Reference to Fundamental Rights: Keshavananda Bharti v. State of Kerala provided the best explanation as to the scope and definition of the word Amendment. It stated that a broad definition of the word Amendment will include any alteration or change.

Preamble: A Part of The Constitution or Not

Preamble: A Part of The Constitution or Not: A discussion on Preamble cannot be complete without making a reference of Mandal Commission case [5], which was decided by a larger bench of nine Judges. A rainbow of judicial thoughts reflecting the significance

Plea Bargaining - A Practical Solution and Its Salient Features

Plea Bargaining: Defined by the Law Reform Commission of Canada as any agreement by the accused to plead guilty in return for the promise of some benefit.

Constitutionality of Constitutional Amendment

Exploring the constitutionality of constitutional amendments involving key Articles of the Indian Constitution, including Articles 13, 14, 19, 31-A, and 368.

Democracy of Judicial Remedies

Democracy of Judicial Remedies: In a democracy, the courts belong not to the lawyers and judges but to the citizen, as Jerome Frank wrote.

Protection Against Ex-Post-Facto Laws

Understand protection against ex-post-facto laws, which penalize past acts or increase penalties retroactively.

Causes for Introduction of Article 21A

Explore the causes for the introduction of Article 21A, focusing on education, poverty, human capital theory, and India's legal framework.

Is Personal Liberty a Hindrance to the Development of a Nation?

Exploring whether personal liberty hinders or enhances national development, with insights from John Stuart Mill, constitutional law, and global perspectives.

Corruption in Decentralised Governance: A Case Study of K.G. Halli, Karnataka

An in-depth case study on corruption in decentralised governance in K.G. Halli, Karnataka, exploring the impact of the 73rd and 74th Constitutional Amendments and the role of Gram Sabhas and Panchayats.

Suicide and Euthanasia

Suicide and Euthanasia: Legal jurisprudence states that there is a right and a corresponding duty to every action and inaction. And as all the rights that every individual possesses in the contemporary society

Powers of High Court to Entertain Election Petitions

Powers of High Court to entertain election petitions: The word democracy is derived from the words demos and kratos meaning people and authority respectively.

Euthanasia and Human Rights - Euthanasia Illegal in India

Euthanasia and Human Rights: Euthanasia literally means good death but in this context it means mercy killing. The debate is regarding the legalization of euthanasia.

Free Expression: The Fundamental Fountain-Head of Democracy

Free expression is the cornerstone of democracy, but it is subject to reasonable restrictions to protect others' rights and reputation.

Amendment of Indian Constitution - Article 368

Learn about Amendment of Indian Constitution under Article 368, covering fundamental rights, directive principles, democracy, and national integration.

Right to Food and Development

Explore the Right to Food and Development in India: legal background, constitutional provisions, and human rights perspectives.

To Kill or Not To Kill

To Kill or Not To Kill: Article 21 of the Constitution of India states that no person shall be deprived of his life except according to the due process established by law.

Indian Secularism And Subsidy For Religious Populism

Indian Secularism And Subsidy For Religious Populism: YSR Reddy Andhra Pradesh government announced on February 11, 2008 that it would subsidise travel for Christians who wanted to visit holy sites in Israel.

Justice Delayed is Justice Denied

Explore the origin and impact of the phrase 'Justice Delayed is Justice Denied', attributed to William Ewart Gladstone, former British Prime Minister and renowned English politician.

Balance of Power in International Relations

Balance of Power in International Relations: an equilibrium of power sufficient to discourage one nation from imposing its will or interfering with another nation's interests.

Exchange of Organs or Exchange of Money? | Legal Service India

In today�s world, the scarcity of human organs leads to preventable deaths. Is it an exchange of organs or exchange of money? Religion seems to no longer be a factor.

Licensing and Access to Medicine in Developing Countries

Licensing and Access to Medicine in Developing Countries: Today inventions of new products or new processes particularly in the field of medicine, in general, involves the collective effort of many highly skilled professionals and expenditure of considerable amount of money and time

Medical Negligence - Medical Negligence Judgments

Medical Negligence — Necessary Protection or Licence to Kill? The medical profession is one of the oldest and most humanitarian fields in the world. Explore legal insights, landmark judgments, and the principles of humane medical practice.

Genetic Engineering: A Casual Acquaintance

Explore Genetic Engineering, its techniques, and applications in biotechnology, DNA manipulation, selective breeding, and more.

Truth Detection Methods: Its Legality and Scientific Validity

Truth detection methods: The advancement of science has led to many great and modern machines and methods, raising questions about legality and scientific validity.

Organ Transplantation and Its Legal Prospects

Organ Transplantation: The development and application of technologies will arguably be the major driving force for the evolution of the world society in the first part of our new century.

Clinical Trials in India

Clinical Trials in India: Clinical trials form an integral part of the drug discovery process worldwide. They ensure a new drug molecule is safe and effective for market use.

Trade Secrets - As an Intellectual Property and Its Protection

Trade Secrets - As an intellectual property and its protection: Free Trade Agreement NAFTA defines a trade secret as information having commercial value, which is not in the public domain, and for which reasonable steps have been taken to maintain its secrecy.

Competition Law and Intellectual Property Laws

Explore the intersection of Competition Law and Intellectual Property Laws in India, especially in the context of liberalization, privatization, and globalization.

Trademark Infringement and Passing Off - Updated 2025 August

Updated 2025 August: Trademark Infringement and Passing Off � Trademark is the identification mark of any company or organization. A customer relates any trademark with the quality of products and reputation of the company.

Trademark Protection in India | Legal Service India

Learn about Trademark Protection in India, including registration, infringement, legal remedies like damages, injunctions, and accounts of profits.

Comparative Advertising laws

Comparative advertising is advertising where one party advertises his goods or services by comparing them with the goods or services of another party.

Using Manufacturer Trademarks on Compatible Consumables

Using Manufacturer Trademarks on Compatible Consumables: As awareness of protecting the environment increases, recycling or reuse of goods and resources is also on the rise, which is highly beneficial to the environment.

Compulsory Licensing - Bridging The Chasm Between Competition Policy and Intellectual Property Law

Compulsory Licensing - Bridging The Chasm Between Competition Policy and IP Law: intersect at the point of fostering innovation, efficiency, consumer welfare and economic growth; yet an inevitable chasm exists in the sphere of monopoly rights.

Role of Law in E-Governance

Role of Law in E-Governance: Technology provides numerous benefits at both the individual level and in the overall development of a country.

Domain Tasting - A Profiteering Venture

Domain Tasting is a profiteering practice that exploits the domain name add-grace period to register and cancel domains at no cost for profit.

Legal I.T -India for Back Office Operations

Legal I.T -India for Back Office Operations: Legal Information Technology points out at the Legal Process Outsourcing (LPO). The business process outsourcing is root cause and that has shown the legal framework a route into the ever fast growing cyber space.

Business Connections-Under section 9 of Income Tax Act 1961�Gradual Changes and Development

Business Connections - Under section 9 of IT Act 1961: The Indian Income-tax Act provides for levy of income-tax on the income of foreign companies and non-residents, but only to the extent of their income sourced from India.

Does Dividend Distribution Tax amount to Double Taxation

Dividend Distribution Tax amount to Double Taxation: Dividend Distribution Tax is one of the biggest concerns and burdens of corporate world in India. Many may be eyeing the budget 2008-09 for a relief but, there are no hints dropped by the government of any escape from it.

OECD Project on Harmful Tax Competition

OECD Project on Harmful Tax Competition: Globalization has acted as a catalyst in integrating economies, dissolving political boundaries and changing systems of governance, politics, finance, trade, and investment.

Constitutional Law: Distribution of Revenues

Constitutional Law: Distribution of Revenues: There have been many conflicts with regard that whether India is a federal state of not. But, when we see about the characteristics of federal state then we find that one of the characteristics specifically mentions about the distribution of taxes

Medical Malpractice in India

Medical malpractice is an act of negligence committed by a medical provider, typically a physician. It refers to actions that a reasonably skilled medical provider would not have taken.

Services � Consumer Protection Act

Explore the Services under the Consumer Protection Act. Understand how consumers are both the driving force and the vulnerable link in the marketing system.

Unethical Drug Promotion - Drug laws - International Code on Pharma

Unethical Drug Promotion: WHO defines drug promotion as all informational and persuasive activities by manufacturers and distributors to induce/influence the sale and use of medicinal drugs.

Minors In Torts

Minors In Torts: Every child is a citizen of their country and is governed by its laws. However, children have certain legal exceptions that differentiate them from adults.

Avena And Other Mexican Nationals - Mexico V. USA

The judgment of the International Court of Justice in Avena and Other Mexican Nationals (Mexico v United States of America) considers the obligations that a state bears towards detained foreign nationals under art 36 of the Vienna Convention on Consular Relations.

Indian Railway Construction Co. Ltd. v. Ajay Kumar | Landmark Case on Administrative Law

Indian Railway Construction Co. Ltd. v. Ajay Kumar: A landmark judgment shaping administrative law, covering rulemaking, adjudication, and regulatory enforcement.

The Principle of Common but Differentiated Responsibility in Environmental Law

The Principle of Common but Differentiated Responsibility in Environmental Law: has developed from the application of equity in general international law for the special needs of developing countries which must be taken into account in the development, application and interpretation of rules of international environmental law.

Interpretation of Polluter Pays Principle (PPP) in India

Interpretation of Polluter Pays Principle (PPP) in India: If anyone intentionally spoils the water of another, let him not only pay damages, but purify the stream or cistern which contains the water.

Domestic Waste: Hazard To The Life And Its Effect on Human Being

The problem of Domestic Waste is drawing increasing attention of the people as huge garbage is lying down uncollected beside the roads, streets dustbins and on the ground which is causing threat to the environment as well as endangering public health

Public Participation in Environment Impact Assessment

Public Participation in Environment Impact Assessment (EIA): A detailed study of how community involvement helps predict and reduce environmental risks of projects.

Biodiversity and Traditional Knowledge

Biodiversity and Traditional Knowledge: Biodiversity encompasses all species of plants, animals and micro-organisms and the variation between them, and the eco-systems of which they form a part. It occurs at three levels

The Kyoto Dilemma - UNFCCC

The Kyoto Dilemma: The Kyoto Protocol is an international agreement that arose from the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC).

Food For Few – Thought For Others | Environment Law

Analyzing the effects of free trade regulations on ocean fishing amid overfishing concerns, with insights from UNEP case studies.

Abolish Reservation Because Merit and Efficiency are in Danger

Abolish Reservation Because Merit and Efficiency are in Danger: Reservation is a highly debated topic in India. This system of positive discrimination remains mostly unimplemented in many sectors.

Education: A Fundamental Right of Every Child

Comparative analysis of the Persons with Disabilities Act, 1995 and the Constitution of India regarding children's right to education.

School Bags And Family Baggage - School Laws in India: Updated August 2025

School Bags And Family Baggage – With expansive interpretation being given to Article 21 and increased judicial sensitivity towards right jurisprudence post-Maneka Gandhi era, the conceptual undercurrents of right to education have undergone tremendous change.

Reservation in India – Updated 2025 August

Reservation in India – Updated 2025 August: acted as a boon for our country's development and individual rights

Legal Education to Meet Challenges of Globalisation

Explore how legal education must evolve to meet the challenges of globalisation. Discover insights into law colleges, research, and global legal scholarship.

Abandonment during Sunset Years - Elderly Law

Abandonment during Sunset Years: A majority of people would well desire to live life this way, but it is sad to know that only a few fortunate ones do live and die in this manner. Old age is said to be a period full of gold and glory, provided the elderly are helped and not left alone to perish.

Appeals from Original Decrees - Section 96

Appeals from Original Decrees under Section 96 of the Code of Civil Procedure. An appeal by a person aggrieved by a decree is not always a matter of right.

The Law of Outer Space

The Law of Outer Space: The initiation of space exploration and subsequently its advancement unexpectedly sparked off another field of law known as the law of outer space or the space law.

Watching Television with family: A Sociological Analysis

Watching Television with family: With the passage of time media has become the base of our society. It had been helping us by providing useful information relating to politics, soaps, movies day to day life affairs, tragedies, historical materials, geographical knowledge, temperature of places , notification about events, synopsis of share market etc

Sec 17 of Indian Registration Act, 1908

Section 17 of the Indian Registration Act, 1908 consolidates laws related to document registration, conserving evidence and title for immovable property.

Transgender Participation and Discrimination in Sports

Explore transgender participation and discrimination in sports. Does sex determination violate the right to equality?

Role of Surveyor in Insurance Claim

Role of Surveyor in Insurance Claim: Insurance provides both protection and savings for your future needs. This article explores the vital role of surveyors in insurance claims.

Vague and Uncertain Insurance Policy

Vague and Uncertain Insurance Policy: It has often been found that at the time of claim of insurance made by the insured

The Living Mother of the Dead: Waiting Blindly in Search of Justice

The ongoing human rights violations implore for a quick clamp down or else a new country within a country would ensue — an unhealthy country where the rights of the common masses are trampled.

Human Rights of Persons in Persistent Vegetative State

Explore the human rights of persons in a persistent vegetative state, the ethical questions of life and death, and legal perspectives.

Role of Legal Services Authority In Contemporary Scenario (Jharkhand)

Explore the role of Legal Services Authority in Jharkhand: promoting justice, protecting rights, and supporting vulnerable communities.

Role of Advocates In Implementation of Legal Aid Schemes

Role of Advocates in Implementation of Legal Aid Schemes: Exploring constitutional provisions, the Legal Services Authorities Act, and advocates' role in ensuring justice.

Delay and Arrear Reduction in ADR

Delay and Arrear Reduction in ADR: The philosophy of ADR systems is well stated by Abraham Lincoln in these terms, discourage litigation, persuade your neighbours to compromise whenever you can. Point out to them how the normal winner is often a loser in fees, expense, cost and time.

Indigenous Population Still Carvings for Their Basic Amenities

Indigenous population still carvings for their basic amenities: The Government of India faces challenges in providing social justice, healthcare, and education for scheduled tribes.

Judiciary of England and Wales

Judiciary of England and Wales: Although they are often seen in cartoons and TV programmes and mentioned in almost everything else involving judges, the one place you won't see a gavel is an English or Welsh courtroom.

Few Facts on American Judiciary

Few facts on American Judiciary: Supreme Court justices, court of appeals judges, and district court judges are nominated by the President and confirmed by the United States Senate, as stated in the Constitution.

Establishing the International Criminal Court

Explore the origins and significance of establishing the International Criminal Court in shaping global criminal law and justice.

Foreign Investors in Ukrainian Markets

Ukraine�s push toward European integration, WTO membership, and NATO alignment has fostered a business-friendly climate, accelerating foreign investment beyond expectations.

Monarchy To Democracy In Bhutan

An overview of Bhutan's transition from monarchy to democracy, exploring political, social, and constitutional changes.

Is Illegality an Obsolete Concept in International Law?

Is illegality an obsolete concept in International Law? To go to war for an idea, if the war is aggressive and not defensive, is as criminal as going to war for territory or revenue.

The Challenge For The International Criminal Court: Terrorism

The Challenge For The International Criminal Court and Terrorism: The Rome Statute came into effect on 1 July 2002, creating the world's first permanent International Criminal Court (ICC). After the sixtieth ratification, the Statute entered into force in accordance with Article 126(1).

Outer Space - Legal Perspective

Outer Space - Legal Perspective: While no universally agreed boundary exists between airspace and outer space, both jurists and governments recognize that a state's sovereignty ends at a certain point, beyond which space is considered free for all.

Psychological Effects of Poverty in Children

Explore the psychological impact of poverty on children, including emotional, cognitive, and behavioral consequences. Insights from Professor Charles Karelis and legal perspectives.

Child Witness - Indian Evidence Act Section 118

An analysis of Child Witness under Section 118 of the Indian Evidence Act. Discusses competency, the Voir Dire test, and legal implications in India.

Child Labour laws in India - Juvenile Laws

Child Labour law in India: The Burning Predicament In The World A Child is a father of the man, this famous line quoted by William Wordsworth refers to the importance of the child in a society for t.

The Removal of Bonded Labour System in India

The Removal of Bonded Labour System in India: The phenomenon of bonded labour is a vicious circle where each factor contributes to further subjugation and apathy of the bonded labourers.

Right To Employment of Persons Living With Hiv/Aids

Right To Employment of Persons Living With Hiv/Aids: Despite the passage of a quarter-century since the AIDS/HIV infection was diagnosed, the stigma that surrounds it has not subsided.

A Critique of Limited Liability Partnership Bill, 2006

A Critique of Limited Liability Partnership Bill, 2006: Keeping in mind the changing corporate scenario and to provide entrepreneurs with an effective alternate commercial vehicle, the Limited Liability Partnership Bill, 2006 was introduced in the Rajya Sabha on 15th December 2006.

Section 55 - Goodwill of Parties: An Overview by Cases

Section 55 - Goodwill of Parties: Overview by cases. Sale of goodwill after dissolution. In settling firm accounts after dissolution, goodwill shall be included in assets and may be sold separately or with other property.

Right to Know and Right to Information in India

Explore the Right to Information (RTI) in India, its legal framework under Article 21 and RTI Act 2005, and its impact on transparency and accountability.

Right to Information and its implementation through social group work

Right to Information and its implementation through social group work: free flow of information remains severely restricted by three factors namely The legislative framework includes several pieces of restrictive legislation, such as the Official Secrets Act, 1923; The pervasive culture of secrecy and arrogance within the bureaucracy.

Right To Information: Tool In The Hand of Public - Public Information Officers - PIOs

Right To Information: Mahatma Gandhi had said, 'Real Swaraj will come not by the acquisition of authority by a few but by the acquisition of capacity to resist authority when abused.' A few did acquire the authority and retained it, but the capacity to resist misuse of authority eluded the average Citizen of India.

Right To Information

Right To Information: he Right to Information Act 2005 is a law enacted by the Parliament of India giving Indians (except those in the State of Jammu and Kashmir who have their own special law) access to Government records.

Right to Information in India - Right to Seek, Receive, Information

Right to Information: A democratic society survives by accepting new ideas, experimenting with them, and rejecting them if found unimportant.

Right to Information Act, 2005 - The Concept of Right to Know

Right to Information Act, 2005: The concept of Right to Know, right to information, and the right to request specific documents from public authorities explained and appraised.

Right to Information - An Anti-Corruption Tool

Right to Information empowers citizens to ensure government accountability and fight corruption effectively.

Exemptions from Disclosure of Information under RTI

Understand exemptions from disclosure under the RTI Act, 2005, empowering citizens and balancing transparency with confidentiality.

Competition Act, 2002: An Incomplete Act

Competition Act, 2002: An Incomplete Act – While much of the Competition Act resembles the MRTP Act, 1969, key changes and new provisions were introduced following the recommendations of the S. V. S. Raghavan Committee.

The Competition Law, 2002 and Its Development Factors

Explore the Competition Law, 2002, its evolution, and factors shaping anti-competitive practices amid globalization and urbanization.

Perspective of Alternate Dispute Resolution

Perspective of Alternate Dispute Resolution: Globalization has been a great stimulation in the process of integration of economies and societies of different countries across the globe.

Charter Party - Admiralty and Maritime Laws in India

Charter Party in Admiralty and Maritime Laws: A contract between the vessel owner and the charterer for a specific voyage or time period in India.

Lawyers Listing - Lawyers Subscription, Attorney, Law Firms, lawyers directory

Lawyers Listing: List your law firm,at legal service India search directory and get clients online.

Content Providers and Partners of Legal Service India

Discover the content providers and partners of Legal Service India, dedicated to making it the world's best law website.

Legal Service India - Law Articles - Legal Resources

Punjab and Haryana High Court - Court of Record

Punjab and Haryana High Court is a common High Court for both the States of Punjab and Haryana and Union territory of Chandigarh.

Ray and Associates - South Delhi Lawyers

Ray and Associates, South Delhi lawyers offering legal services in Family Law, Matrimonial Disputes, Criminal Law, Civil Law, Civil Rights, and Labour Law.

Terms of Use - Lawyers Listing - Legal Service India

kindly read the Terms of Use for Lawyers Listing in Legal Service India.com before you proceed.

Copyright Registration Forms

Register your creative works in India with official copyright registration forms. Protect original content with legal rights.

legal Articles written by imminent writers and legal experts - 2021

legal Articles written by imminent writers and legal experts - 2021.

Law Articles - Published in 2020 By Judges, law Students And Professors

Law Articles - Published in 2020 By Judges, law Students And Professors from India, USA, UK, UAE, bangladesh, Pakisthan, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Austrailia, Canada

Law Articles & Legal Insights - Protect Your Rights

Explore legal articles on various topics to better understand your rights. Get informed before taking legal action with our easy-to-read law articles.

Namesake Cyber-Squatting, An IPR Evil

Explore the menace of namesake cyber-squatting, its impact on intellectual property rights, and legal remedies against domain name misuse.

Review of Reservation Policy - Legal Analysis

Detailed legal review of India's Reservation Policy with reference to the Supreme Court's Champakam Dorairajan judgment, which ruled caste, race, and religion-based classifications for educational admissions unconstitutional.

Can Reservations And India Bloom Together

Explore whether reservations and India can progress together, in light of the Supreme Court's landmark August 12, 2005 ruling granting unaided minority and non-minority institutions the right to admit students in professional courses without government interference.

Deficiency in Telephone Services with a Special Emphasis on Overbilling

Deficiency in Telephone Services and Overbilling: Once a status symbol, the telephone has become a necessity due to growth in trade, commerce, and urbanization.

Trade Dress in Trademark Law - Legal Overview

Explore Trade Dress under Trademark Law: its role in product identity through packaging, color, shape, texture, and design in legal protection.

Right to Die - Legal and Moral Aspects

Exploring the Right to Die from both legal and emotional perspectives, highlighting the fundamental rights guaranteed to citizens of India.

Enforcing Right To Food in India

Enforcing Right To Food in India: addressing hunger, poverty, floods, and droughts that make millions vulnerable to food insecurity.

Copyright Protection in India

Copyright protection in India: Section 13 of the Copyright Act 1957 safeguards literary works, dramatic works, musical works, artistic works, cinematograph films, and sound recordings. Books and computer programs are protected as literary works.

Admissibility of Interview as Evidence - Evidence Act

Admissibility of Interview as Evidence: The role of media in the Indian legal system has been growing, with media often influencing judicial perception even before trials begin.

Corporate Laws - Political and Charitable Contribution Laws in India

Explore corporate laws in India on political and charitable contributions, including board responsibilities, Supreme Court judgments, and legal provisions.

Are Regulatory and Compensatory Taxes Violative of Article 301?

Article 301 of the Indian Constitution ensures free trade across India. Are regulatory and compensatory taxes in violation of this article?

Whether Future Property May Be Mortgaged

Whether future property may be mortgaged: To answer this, one must examine the provisions of the Transfer of Property Act. The Act defines Transfer of Property as an act by which a living person conveys property.

Environmental Justice: Experience vs Expectations

Environmental Justice explores the balance between laws, conservation of natural resources, sustainable use, and the inter-relationship between human beings and nature.

Irretrievable Breakdown of Marriages in India - Divorce

Irretrievable Breakdown of Marriages in India: Supreme Court judgments, divorce by mutual consent, and key legal issues explained with clarity.

Mergers and Acquisitions in India - A general Analysis - Corporate law

Mergers and Acquisitions in India: The Indian economy has been growing with a rapid pace and has been emerging at the top, be it IT, R&D, pharmaceutical, infrastructure, energy, consumer retail, telecom, financial services, media, and hospitality.

Higher Education in India: From Socialism to Capitalism - Education Law

Explore the transformation of higher education in India from socialism to capitalism, its legal framework, policy changes, and challenges under education law.

Domain Name, Cybersquatting and Domain Name Dispute Resolution

Learn about domain names, cybersquatting, DNS, ICANN, UDRP, and domain name dispute resolution with key legal insights, judgments, and resources.

Constitutional Check on Obscene Presentation of Women By Media

Constitutional Check on Obscene Presentation of Women By Media: The Constitution of India recognizes the need to protect women's interests and contains provisions that act as safeguards and improve their condition across all spheres of life. Accordingly, the legislature has enacted several laws and launched various welfare programmes.

Prevention of Money Laundering Act, 2002: An Overview

Prevention of Money Laundering Act, 2002: An overview of the law addressing global money laundering issues, its objectives, and impact on criminal activities.

Intellectual Property Valuation: Concept

Explore Intellectual Property Valuation: A modern approach to valuing intangible assets and intellectual property in businesses, law, and finance.

Economic, Social and Cultural Rights: Indian Footprints at the International Level

Explore the significance of Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights in international human rights law, with a focus on India's role and contributions.

Education: A Fundamental Right in India

Education as a fundamental right in India: Unlocking human potential, promoting equality, and ensuring access to learning for all.

Anakapalla Co-Operative Agricultural and Industrial Society V.It's Workmen and Others (1962 II LLJ 621 (SC)) - Landmark Judgment

The chief object of the industrial relations legislations in general is industrial peace and economic justice. If a workman is retrenched or his services are terminated on account of transfer of undertaking.

In Defence of Judicial Review in India

Explore the importance of judicial review in India, Supreme Court rulings, constitutional balance, and why judiciary acts as a safeguard against arbitrary power.

Conversion as an Intentional Tort

Conversion as an intentional tort refers to wrongful interference with another’s property rights, depriving them of lawful possession. Also known as trover.

When Is A Trademark A Geographical Indicator And When It Is Not? - Trademark Laws

Explore the distinction between trademarks and geographical indicators with examples like Coca-Cola, Tequila, Champagne, and more.

Power of the State to Revoke or Cancel the Driver’s License and to Detain or Seize the Motor Vehicle under Motor Vehicles Act, 1988

Driving license means the license issued by a competent authority under Chapter II authorising the person specified therein to drive, otherwise than as a learner, a motor vehicle or a motor vehicle of any specified class or description.

Information Retrieval and its Legal Impact on Society

Explore how information retrieval influences law, society, and legal research. Understand its legal impact, challenges, and opportunities.

The Gathering Storm: Can India Safeguard Itself From the Competes Act?

The America Competes Act may reshape global technology, education, and science. Explore how India can safeguard its human resources from potential challenges.

Myths that Engulf Affirmative Action in Higher Education

Explore common myths surrounding affirmative action in higher education and its role as a liberating force shaping intellectual and social growth.

Ban on Futures Trading in Agricultural Commodities - Indian Trading Laws

Explore the ban on futures trading in certain agricultural commodities in India, its legal implications, Forward Market Commission’s role, and impact on trading laws.

Ragging in India: A Human Rights in Education Perspective

Ragging in India, A Human Rights in Education: Ragging as an issue of Human rights in Education with the help of authoritative reports from United Nations and calls upon Human rights fraternity to address the issue of ragging from a Human Rights in Education perspective

Presumptions Relating to Matrimonial Offences

Presumptions Relating to Matrimonial Offences: Public Hearing also known as Jan Sunwai is a meeting of a house committee or subcommittee during which public problems may be heard and formal action may be taken on any measure or matter before the committee or sub committee

Presumptions Relating To Matrimonial Offences

Presumptions Relating To Matrimonial Offences: the proof of certain facts, the law will sometimes infer the existence of another fact that need to be expressly proved

Prospective Overruling

Prospective Overruling: The law declared by the court is not descriptive as the court holds it but also prescriptive in the sense the future judges have to use it. This, is other words, places precedent on a higher pedestal- a major source of law

Changing Face Of The Legal Profession In India In The Era Of Globalization

Globalization must not be viewed in a restrictive sense; it connotes the process of making global, being present worldwide, and its impact on the legal profession in India.

International Criminal Court: Jurisdictional Issues

Explore jurisdictional issues of the International Criminal Court (ICC), established in 2002 to prosecute individuals for genocide, war crimes, and crimes against humanity.

Green Belt as a Mode of Maintaining Ecological Balance

Explore the importance of Green Belts in maintaining ecological balance in India. Learn how buffer zones help control industrial activity and protect the environment.

Media And Political Culture: A Look at the scenario in the United States on the basis of Michael Moores documentary Farenheit 9/11

Media And Political Culture: The media is often known as the watchdog of the country; one which will ensure that the democratic society is always alert and knows all the inside activities of the Government.

Public Trust Doctrine

Public Trust Doctrine: Ancient Roman Empire developed the theory, Doctrine of the Public TrustThe doctrine enjoins upon the Government to protect the resources for the enjoyment of the general public rather than to permit their use for private ownership or commercial purposes.

The Interim Order in Ashoka Kumar Thakur Case: An Eye Opener

Ashoka Kumar Thakur Case: Analysis of Parliament's amendment to Article 15(5) promoting educational advancement of OBC, SC, and ST communities through protective discrimination.

Purchaser for Commercial Purpose: Still a Consumer

Purchaser for Commercial Purpose, Still a Consumer: term consumer makes it clear the Parliament wanted to exclude from the scope of the definition the persons who obtain goods for resale and also those who purchase goods with a view to using such goods for carrying on any activity for earning

The State Commission under Consumer Protection Act

Explore the role and powers of the State Commission under the Consumer Protection Act, 1986—a milestone in Indian consumer rights legislation.

The Power of Delegation: An Inquiry

The Power of Delegation: delegated legislation is indeed formidably an integral and necessary aspect for smooth and easy functioning of any country.

Ninth Schedule

Ninth Schedule: Can an Act or Regulation, found violative of Articles 14, 19 or 31 by the Supreme Court, still be included in the Ninth Schedule?

Res Ipsa Loquitor: But What Did the Thing Say?

Res Ipsa Loquitor is a Latin phrase meaning 'The thing speaks for itself.' It allows a claimant to succeed in a negligence action even without direct evidence of the cause of the accident, attributing it to the defendant's possible negligence.

Grab the EOU Advantage: Conversion of Existing Manufacturing Units into Export Oriented Units (EOU)

Learn how to grab the EOU advantage by converting existing manufacturing units into Export Oriented Units (EOUs) to boost exports with additional production capacity.

Problem of Hostile Witnesses - Meaning, Role & Legal Issues

Explore the problem of hostile witnesses in Indian law. Learn who a hostile witness is, their role in criminal trials, and the challenges faced by the prosecution.

Economic Growth vis-a-vis Environmental Conservation: A study of Sustainability in Asia-Pacific

Economic Growth vis-a-vis Environmental Conservation Sustainability in Asia-Pacific: Water, Energy, Health, Agriculture and Biodiversity these are the areas in which progress is possible with the resources, and technologies at our disposal

Terrorism: Understanding the Incomprehensible - Terrorism Laws in India

Explore the roots, impact, and legal frameworks addressing terrorism in India. An in-depth look into the incomprehensible world of terrorism.

The Narmada Dispute

The Narmada Dispute: The Sardar Sarovar Project on the Narmada River is one of India's largest and most controversial projects, sparking legal, environmental, and social debates.

Analysis of Section 300(3) of IPC - Indian Penal Code

Analysis of Section 300(3) IPC — discussion on its application in murder law, landmark Virsa Singh (1958) and subsequent interpretations.

India-Pakistan State Succession Scenario - A Precedent

India-Pakistan State Succession Scenario: International law defines a succession of States as the replacement of one State by another in responsibility for the international relations of a territory.

Fight between Right to Privacy and Right to Know

Fight between Right to Privacy and Right to Know: A constitutional right is a right granted by a country's constitution, and cannot be legally denied by the government. Civil rights are the protections and privileges of personal liberty given to all citizens by law.

Secularism under the Constitutional Framework of India - Secular India

Secularism under the Constitutional Framework of India: The Preamble to the Constitution of India establishes India as a secular state, ensuring freedom of religion and equality for all citizens.

Supreme Court on Contempt by Advocates

Supreme Court on Contempt by Advocates: Entry to the profession can be gained by acquiring the qualification of technical competence, but the honor of the profession must be upheld by members through exemplary conduct both in and outside the court.

Geographical Indications - Intellectual Property

Geographical Indications means any indications which define the goods as originating in the territory of a country or a region or locality in that territory

Judges Burden in Trial at Indian Courts

Judges burden in trial at Indian courts: The need to reform Indian Civil Procedural Laws and Evidence Laws, balancing civil and common law requirements.

False Imprisonment as a tort - Tort law

False Imprisonment as a tort: False Imprisonment may be defined as an act of the defendant which causes the unlawful confinement of the plaintiff. To constitute false imprisonment certain factors such as probable cause for imprisonment, knowledge of the plaintiff for imprisonment, intention of the defendant while causing imprisonment and period of confinement matters.

Law and Morality in India

Explore the relationship between law and morality in India, highlighting concepts of justice, legal principles, and ethical values.

Probation: A Study In The Indian Context - Probation of Offenders Act

Probation in India: The term Probation is derived from the Latin word probare, which means to test or to prove. It is a treatment device, developed as a non-custodial alternative which is used by the magistracy where guilt is established but it is considered that imposing of a prison sentence would do no good. Imprisonment decreases his capacity to readjust to the normal society after the release and association with professional delinquents often has undesired effects

Reservation - Solution To The Problem

An in-depth analysis of the reservation system in India, exploring its issues, legal implications, and possible solutions for a fairer society.

CPC, Evidence Law, LBA & Property Law

Hindu Law: A son is under a pious obligation to discharge his father's debts out of ancestral property, provided the debts are not avyavaharika.

Psychology of Terrorism - Terror laws in India

Psychology of Terrorism: Psychology is often described as the science of behaviors. It tries to solve the problems and symptoms individuals encounter because their behavior is in part a science

You're Lordship: Control Your Emotions

You're Lordship: Control Your Emotions - Famous statement by Session Judge G.P Thareja in the Priyadarshini Matto case while acquitting the accused by giving benefit of doubt.

Conspiracy as a Torts - law of Torts in India

Conspiracy as a Torts: the Quinn v. Leathem type which employs only lawful means but aims at an unlawful end, and the type which employs unlawful means. Thus the tort can take the form of unlawful conspiracy

Plea Bargaining - An Analysis of the concept

Plea Bargaining: A new chapter, that is chapter XXIA on �Plea Bargaining�, has been introduced in the Criminal Procedure Code. It was introduced through the Criminal Law (Amendment) Act, 2005

The Rules To Be Followed By A Court In Applying Appropriate Law In Cases Having A Foreign Party

Envisioning the Concept of Irretrievable Breakdown of Marriage

Explore the concept of irretrievable breakdown of marriage under Indian law, its origins in the Hindu Marriage Act, and the impact of the 1976 amendment.

Foreign Direct Investment in India

Foreign Direct Investment in India: FDI up to 100% is allowed under the automatic route in all activities/sectors except the following which will require approval of the Government

Counter Measures and Settlement of disputes in International Law

Counter Measures and Settlement of disputes in International Law: One of the most important tasks today in State responsibility is to establish a satisfactory regime for the settlement of disputes

Introduction To The World Of Genes And Genetic Adventurism

Genes And Genetic Adventurism: There are different types of cloning and cloning technologies can be used for other purposes besides producing the genetic twin of another organism

Capital Punishment - One Sentence Tribute To The One Life One Individual Has - Death Sentence

Capital Punishment: when pronounced prevents criminals from repeating their crime or deters crime by discouraging would-be offenders, both contributing to a greater balance of happiness in society.

Criminal Breach of Trust

Criminal Breach of Trust involves dishonest misappropriation or conversion of another’s property, defined under Section 403 IPC.

Right To Information Act - An Overview

Right To Information Act: It has taken India 82 years to transition from an opaque system of governance, legitimized by the colonial Official Secrets Act, to one where citizens can demand the right to information. The recent enactment of the Right to Information Act 2005 enables this fundamental right.

Construction Ejusdem Generis - Statutory Interpretation

Construction Ejusdem Generis: Canons of statutory construction guide courts in interpreting statutes with common sense and legal clarity.

Application of the Doctrine of Ejusdem Generis to Section 364 IPC

Explore the application of the doctrine of Ejusdem Generis to Section 364 IPC. Understand statutory interpretation, rules of construction, and relevant legal principles.

Right to Freedom of Religion vs Religious Conversion

Exploring the balance between the right to freedom of religion and religious conversion in contemporary India, tracing its legal, social, and historical context.

Position of Karta and the Effect of Amendment of Section 6 of HSA, 1956 in 2005

Explore the legal position of Karta and the impact of the 2005 amendment to Section 6 of the Hindu Succession Act, 1956. Detailed legal analysis for students, lawyers, and researchers.

Res Judicata

Res Judicata, meaning 'a thing decided' in Latin, is a common law doctrine that prevents re-litigation of cases between the same parties in court.

Reservation � Changing Aspect in Modern Time

Reservation in Indian society is not a new concept. It has existed since pre-independence, initially introduced by the British for welfare purposes. This article examines its changing aspects in modern times.

Ragging In Educational Institutes: A Human Rights Perspective

Ragging In Educational Institutes: Behind the fa�ade of welcoming new students to college, ragging, in actuality, is a notorious practice wherein the senior students get an excuse to harass their junior counterparts

Tenancy Reforms in India

Tenancy Reforms in India: Examining institutional and technological factors impacting agriculture, with a focus on tenancy rights, land tenure, and reforms.

Justice Delayed Justice Denied in India

Justice Delayed Justice Denied: Without justice, life would not be possible and even if it were, it would not be worth living.

Should India Revamp its Anti- Terrorism Laws After The July 11 Serial Explosions on Trains In Mumbai?

On 11th July 2006, India witnessed one of the most dastardly acts of terrorism in recent times. Seven fatal explosions were carried out on the lifeline of the city of Mumbai, paralysing the city by leaving over 180 dead and over 900 injured

Should Right To Information Have Been Granted As A Fundamental Right

Should Right To Information Have Been Granted As A Fundamental Right: It has been hailed as the hallmark of democracy, aiming to make government information disclosure the norm and secrecy the exception.

Arbitration and elements of Natural Justice

Arbitration as a method of dispute resolution involving one or more neutral third parties, who are agreed to by the disputing parties and whose decision is binding.

Online Defamation in India - The Communications Decency Act 1996, Section 223

Online Defamation: The Communications Decency Act 1996, Section 223 clearly lays down that any person who posts obscene, lewd, lascivious, filthy, or indecent content online with intent to annoy, abuse, threaten, or harass another person will be punished with imprisonment or fine.

An Analysis of Parliamentary Privileges in India

Parliamentary Privileges in India: Rights and immunities enjoyed by Parliament and its members that safeguard independence and legislative functions.

Role of International Court of Justice (ICJ)

Explore the role of the International Court of Justice (ICJ) after the Second World War, replacing the Permanent Court of International Justice (PCIJ).

Anti Superstition Law - Jadu Tona Andhshradha Virodhi Bill of 2003

The Anti Superstition Law, officially known as the Jadu Tona Andhshradha Virodhi Bill of 2003, aims to combat blind faith and black magic practices in India.

International Law | Rome Statute & ICC

Explore International Law and the Rome Statute establishing the International Criminal Court (ICC) and its cooperative role with the United Nations.

Liquidated Damages vs Penalty: Are Causation and Loss Really Required?

Explore the difference between liquidated damages and penalty clauses in contracts. Understand causation, loss requirements, and legal perspectives.

Article 21 of The Constitution of India - The Expanding Horizons

Constitution provides Fundamental Rights under Chapter III, These rights are guaranteed by the constitution. One of these rights is provided under article 21.

Arrears on Judiciary Demand for Judicial Reform

Explore how judicial arrears in India highlight the urgent need for judicial reforms, ensuring justice delivery, efficiency, and citizens' rights.

Corporate Criminal Liability: A Jurisprudential and Comparative Approach

Explore Corporate Criminal Liability through a jurisprudential and comparative approach. Learn how corporations are held accountable under criminal law.

Taking Prisoners Rights Seriously

Taking Prisoners Rights Seriously: Less than 200 years ago, the attitude to prisons, prisoners and punishment was brutal and barbaric. Recognition of the human being in the convicted offender is an idea that has been accepted after a long struggle with the state

Judicial Activism and Environmental Jurisprudence in India

Judicial Activism and Environmental Jurisprudence in India: Examining the judiciary’s role in safeguarding forests, natural resources, and environmental protection.

Reservation in Educational Institutions

Explore the 27% reservation proposal for OBC students in centrally funded universities by the Union HRD Ministry and its impact on the merit vs caste debate in India's education sector.

Ethica Arbitrationis - Arbitration Law in India

Ethica Arbitrationis explores arbitration law in India, focusing on impartiality, independence, and fair dispute resolution principles.

Euthanasia- a theological approach

Euthanasia: if brain death and death were identical and equivalent, there would not be a need for the term brain death.everyone knows that the body, the remains that are viewed at a funeral home, is dead

Economic Torts in India | Legal Service India

Explore Economic Torts in India including conspiracy, breach of contract, intimidation, unlawful interference with trade, deceit, and malicious falsehood.

Objectives of Criminal Justice System

Objectives of Criminal Justice System: Criminal Justice refers to the agencies of government charged with enforcing law, adjudicating crime, and correcting criminal conduct.

Theories of Punishment- A Socio-Legal View

Theories of Punishment: The kinds of punishment given are surely influenced by the kind of society one lives in. Though during ancient period of history punishment was more severe as fear was taken as the prime instrument in preventing crime

Conditional Access System - Conflicting Interests

CAS: In this era of technological superiority, law must keep pace with advancements to avoid being outdated, ensuring legal growth and relevance.

Death Sentence in India - IPC - Capital Punishment

Death Sentence in India: Explore the legality, scope, and debates around capital punishment under IPC, Army Act, Sati Act, SC/ST Act, and other laws.

Competition Act, 2002 and Its Relevance in India

Explore the Competition Act, 2002, its relevance in India, comparison with the MRTP Act, and the role of the Competition Commission of India.

The Right To Information Act: A Real Step To Ensure Good Governance - Article 19

The Right To Information Act empowers citizens by ensuring transparency, accountability, and good governance under Article 19 of the Constitution.

Lost Reverence

Lost Reverence: Law as a profession has undergone a sea change. A revered and honoured profession has become synonymous with immorality and corruption.

Impact of Information Technology on Corporate Social Responsibility

Explore how information technology influences corporate social responsibility (CSR), governance, and sustainable business practices.

Sale of Goodwill After Dissolution of a Partnership Firm

Sale of Goodwill After Dissolution of a Partnership Firm: Goodwill is essentially an intangible asset of a firm accruing to it by the good conduct and business performance. Therefore it can effectively be defined as the benefits arising from connection and reputation of the business and is primarily an asset

Swiss Challenge System: A Competitive Solution for Private Infrastructural Proposals

Swiss Challenge System encourages competition for private infrastructure proposals, fostering transparency and development.

Justice Delayed is Justice Denied - Legal Insights

Explore the meaning of 'Justice Delayed is Justice Denied'. Understand how litigation delays affect courts, citizens, and the justice system in India.

DNA Technology and Section 112 of Indian Evidence Act, 1872: An Urgent Need for Amendment

Section 112 of the Indian Evidence Act states that birth during marriage is conclusive proof of legitimacy. This article examines the role of DNA technology and the urgent need for legal reform.

The Paradox of Inter Country Adoption

Explore the paradox of inter-country adoption: legal frameworks, Hague Convention, ethical concerns, child welfare, and global adoption practices.

Rights of the Child and the Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2000

Explore the rights of the child under the Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2000. Learn about child protection, human rights, and legal safeguards.

Do Judges Make or Declare Law? Hart and Dworkin�s Principles in the Indian Legal System

Explore whether judges in India make or declare law, with reference to Hart and Dworkin�s principles in legal philosophy.

Electronic Records in Share Market - Stamping it or Stumping it

Electronic Records in Share Market - Stamping it or Stumping it: GAIL signed an agreement with NSDL to provide this facility to its shareholders.

Right To Separate Residence of Hindu Woman - Hindu Divorce

Right To Separate Residence of Hindu Woman: Divorce is the final and legal termination of marriage. It is often seen as one kind of mechanism for dealing with the pressures caused by marriage. Divorce is often resorted when it is found that continuing an unhappy and unsatisfactory marriage is not only imposing heavy costs on the entangled spouse but also on their children.

Mortgagees Right To Sell

Mortgagees Right To Sell: Understanding the mortgagee’s power to sell without court intervention under Section 69 of the Transfer of Property Act, 1882.

Right To Food As A Human Right

Right To Food As A Human Right: The World Food Council adopted the Beijing Declaration in June 1987. The member states have resolved to join

Occupational Health Laws in India — Practicality & Implementation

Examination of occupational health laws in India: implementation gaps, employer duties, and worker protections.

Corporate Crimes in India - Case Studies & Legal Perspectives

Corporate Crimes in India: exploring cases like the 1984 Bhopal Gas Tragedy, frauds like Home Trade, and legal defenses under corporate and insurance law.

Selecting Judge: Herculean Task

Selecting Judge, Herculean Task: Judges are the heart of the court system. The personality and character of a judge have much to do with the quality of justice in a specific court, since judges have considerable discretion in setting bail, in creating a compassionate or punitive atmosphere in a courtroom, and in sentencing.

New Competition Regime in India

Explore the new competition regime in India: how competition law strengthens innovation, protects consumer interests, and boosts productivity growth.

Prisoners - The Castaways of Society

Prisoners - The Castaways of Society: Exploring Rousseau’s warning, human rights violations, and the plight of marginalized prisoners in modern society.

legal Articles written by imminent writers and legal experts - 2022

legal Articles written by imminent writers and legal experts - 2022.

Has The Time Come To Review Press Freedom

Has The Time Come To Review Press Freedom: Freedom of press has always been a cherished right in all democracies. Growth and development of representative democracy is so much intertwined with growth of press that the press has come to be recognized as an institutional limb of modern democracy

Probity in Governance in India

Probity in Governance: British Prime Minister had once said when men are pure laws are useless, when men are corrupt laws are broken.

Unnecessary Litigations and Tactics by Borrowers Must Be Precluded

Unnecessary litigations and tactics by borrowers harm public and private sector banks, financial institutions, and weaken the Indian economy.

Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 - USA

Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 - USA: Enacted in response to major corporate scandals including Enron and WorldCom, this law aims to protect investors by improving the accuracy and reliability of corporate disclosures.

Service Matter Judgments Creating Further Litigations

CAT judgments in service matters are creating further litigations regarding recruitment and service conditions in public services.

Globalization of Law and Practices

Explore the globalization of law and practices—how international legal rules evolve through global consensus, international bodies, and parallel developments worldwide.

Reformatory Theory and Contemporary Penal Provisions

Comprehensive overview of Reformatory Theory and Contemporary Penal Provisions, including Parole Rules, the Probation of Offenders Act, 1958, the Juvenile Justice Act, 2000, and the Reformatory School Act, 1897.

Advocates Liability For Negligence In Criminal Cases: The Fallouts

Advocates Liability For Negligence In Criminal Cases: Professional liability for negligence is a cryptic branch of the law relating to negligence. It exists on a fundamentally different plane. There is a fine distinction between professions and other occupations for the reason that professionals operate in spheres where success depends upon factors beyond the professional man�s control.

Resident Foreign Currency (Domestic) Account

Resident Foreign Currency Domestic Account: full convertibility of the rupee would set in

Expanding the Universal Jurisdiction in International Law

Explore the expansion of universal jurisdiction in international law, addressing crimes against global interests and justice.

Documents Which Do Not Require Registration - Legal Documentation

Learn about documents that are not compulsorily registerable under Section 17 of the Registration Act. Understand stamp duty requirements under the Karnataka Stamp Act, and which documents are exempt.

Secular Courts in the State of Israel

The deplorable state of Torah justice in the State of Israel is one of the most painful problems for religious Jews today.

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Find latest articles on law written by attorneys lawyers advocates and law students and scholars discussing legal aspects related to industries, businesses and individuals on.

File Caveat in Supreme Court - Online Caveat Filing Instantly

Our legal Team will File Caveat in Supreme Court for you at within 24hrs of your request.

Free download - Income Tax Forms

Income Tax forms:issued by the Income tax department government of India is available for download for free.

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Hostile Witness � A Critical Analysis of Key Aspects Hitherto Ignored in Indian Law

Critical analysis of hostile witnesses in Indian law � evidence, procedure, and overlooked legal issues guiding criminal trials.

Ship Arrest in India

The historical development of admiralty jurisdiction and procedure is of practical as well as theoretical interest, since opinions in admiralty cases frequently refer to the historical background in reaching conclusions

legal Articles written by imminent writers and legal experts - 2021

legal Articles written by imminent writers and legal experts - 2021.

Law Articles - Published in 2020 By Judges, law Students And Professors

Law Articles - Published in 2020 By Judges, law Students And Professors from India, USA, UK, UAE, bangladesh, Pakisthan, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Austrailia, Canada

Law Articles & Legal Insights - Protect Your Rights

Explore legal articles on various topics to better understand your rights. Get informed before taking legal action with our easy-to-read law articles.

Legal Articles written by imminent writers and legal experts year 2018

Legal Articles written by imminent writers and legal experts in the year 2018.

Film laws in India - Internet Distribution of Film, Entertainment Law

Film laws: Distribution of films on the Internet will have the same revolutionary impact on the film industry as the introduction of video in the 70s. It will require a complete rethinking of the film business.

Digital Signature Certificate

Digital Signature Certificates (DSC) are the digital equivalent (that is electronic format) of physical or paper certificates. Examples of physical certificates are drivers' licenses

Corruption in India

Some of the common features, which decorate the news item in today's newspaper. Such dirty events that we have named Corruption is found each and everywhere

India Launches Anti-Terror Law

A new anti-terrorism law is now in effect in India after President K. R. Narayanan signed the controversial Prevention of Terrorism Ordinance.

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legal Articles written by imminent writers and legal experts - 2022

legal Articles written by imminent writers and legal experts - 2022.

Entertainment Laws in India: Actor Agreements, TV Star Contracts & Legal Rights

Explore entertainment laws in India with a focus on television actor agreements, pilot and series contracts, legal rights, compensation, and exclusivity clauses.

Copyright Judgments in India

Detailed list and analysis of landmark copyright judgments in India, with explanations by legal experts.