The general rule is that the accused must answer questions by being personally present in court. Only in exceptional circumstances can this rule be departed from or dispensed with, as held in K...

Election-related offences include bribery, exerting improper influence, impersonating voters, inciting animosity between groups, spreading misleading information to manipulate election outcomes...

A core principle of the Indian criminal justice system is that the accused must be present throughout the criminal trial.[2] The idea of an ex-parte trial is foreign to Indian law and contradic...

A plain reading of sections 76[1] and 79[2] in the Indian Penal Code, 1860, with special attention to the words 'who by reason of a mistake of fact and not by reason of a mistake of law in good...

Criminal justice systems worldwide are remarkably diverse, reflecting the many cultural, historical, and socioeconomic circumstances in which they have evolved. Despite their variations, many o...

The right to vote is a core element of democracy, allowing individuals to engage in governance. Nevertheless, marginalized communities, especially those from disadvantaged backgrounds and minor...

Classical school of thought that originated during the Enlightenment transformed the approach to the crime and punishment based on rationality of actors, their free will and the concept of dete...

In criminal proceedings, a test identification parade is a method frequently used to identify the accused in a court of law. Witnesses are essential to this process since it is their job to ide...

Abstract of the Case This case analysis is about hanging of one of the accused in 1993 in Mumbai serial blasts. It mainly focuses on the basic concept of Criminal Conspiracy mentioned under Se...

The term 'Interpretation' originates from the Latin word 'interpretari', which denotes the act of explaining, expounding, understanding, or translating. In the legal context, interpretation ref...