Author: Md. Imran Wahab

Introduction The Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) Act, 1957 (MMDR Act) serves as the foundational legislative framework governing the exploration, prospecting, mining, and overall regulation of minerals within India. Enacted by the Parliament of India on December 28, 1957, it came into force on June 1, 1958. The long title of the Act encapsulates its aim: “An Act to provide for the development and regulation of mines and minerals under the control of the Union.” Importance of the Act The Act’s importance stems from multiple roles: to ensure systematic development and utilisation of India’s mineral resources, to regulate mining…

Introduction In legal dramas and actual court proceedings, the phrase “touch DNA” is frequently presented as an irrefutable piece of evidence, a final smoking gun: “The defendant touched the object – their genetic material was recovered!” This declaration often sounds absolutely conclusive, carrying immediate and severe implications of guilt. Yet, the stark truth – one that forensic scientists have recognized for decades – is that the very notion of “touch DNA” is scientifically unsound. It is, therefore, entirely unsuitable for use in establishing proof. The Problem with “Touch DNA” The colloquial phrase “Touch DNA” is misleading because it incorrectly implies…

Introduction The Essential Commodities Act, 1955 (ECA), is a critical piece of Indian legislation enacted by Parliament to maintain the production, supply, distribution, and price stability of goods vital for public welfare. Passed in the wake of post-Independence scarcity, the ECA grants the government sweeping powers to prevent hoarding, black marketing, and profiteering of essential items. 1. Objectives and Scope The core purpose of the ECA is to: Ensure easy availability of essential commodities to the public. Maintain price stability during times of crisis, scarcity, or exceptional price rise. Empower the Central and State Governments to intervene in the market…

Smart Vacuum Cleaners and Legal Problems Smart vacuum cleaners are made to make life easier, but they have also created new legal problems. These problems are about privacy, consent, ownership, and consumer protection. Because smart vacuums are connected to the internet, they can scan and map private spaces, collect personal data, and send it to cloud servers — often without the user fully knowing. As homes become “smart,” the laws that protect consumers must also become smarter to keep people safe and informed. Data Privacy and Consent Modern smart vacuums collect very personal data such as 3D maps of homes,…

The Jute and Jute Textiles Control Order, 2016 The Jute and Jute Textiles Control Order, 2016 was issued by the Ministry of Textiles on 4 February 2016 under the authority of Section 3 of the Essential Commodities Act, 1955 (Act No. 10 of 1955). This Order regulates the production, pricing, quality, storage, and distribution of raw jute and jute textiles throughout India. It ensures fair trade, stable prices, and quality standards in the jute industry, which plays a vital role in India’s packaging and export sectors. Rule 1 – Short Title, Extent, and Commencement This order is officially titled the…

Overview of Global Migration Trends (2020–2025) This period demonstrated how global migration became both a symptom and a solution to post-pandemic economic and demographic shifts. The five-year span from 2020 to 2025 witnessed profound shifts in global migration patterns, reflecting the intricate interplay between economic imperatives, demographic changes, geopolitical events, and policy adaptations. Migration has always been a vital force shaping societies, economies, and cultures. However, this period, shaped by the dual forces of the COVID-19 pandemic and post-pandemic economic recovery, marked a distinctive chapter in the history of human mobility. The patterns observed during these years provide insights into…

This is a hypothetical case scenario concerning the liability of Graham Motors Pvt. Ltd. for the damage caused to Steffi’s car while it was in the company’s custody. The analysis applies relevant provisions of the Indian Contract Act, 1872, and case law on bailment and vicarious liability. The case concerns whether Graham Motors Pvt. Ltd. can avoid liability for the damage caused to Steffi’s vintage car while it was in their custody, despite clear exclusion clauses printed on receipts and displayed within the garage. The issue involves legal principles of bailment, exclusion clauses, vicarious liability, and negligence under the Indian…

Murder in the Morning by Dorothy L. Sayers Introduction Dorothy L. Sayers’s short story, Murder in the Morning, features the detective Montague Egg. Mr. Egg is a travelling salesman—polite and quick to notice details—who uses the skills from his job to solve mysteries. He cracks cases by using simple logic and wisdom gained from everyday life. Sayers is famous for her high-class investigator, Lord Peter Wimsey. However, Egg serves as the reverse of the aristocratic Wimsey, proving that common people are just as smart. This narrative features clear morals, exciting tension, and sharp dialogue, making it a perfect example of…

“The Man of the Knife” by Alexandre Dumas: A Tale of Mystery, Justice, and Humanity “The Man of the Knife” by Alexandre Dumas is a short story about mystery, justice, and human nature. It tells the tale of a strange man who comes to a small town carrying only a knife. At first, people fear him, but soon they realize that he uses the knife not to harm but to heal. The story slowly unfolds to show how one man’s kindness and skill can change a community—and how jealousy and suspicion can threaten goodness itself. A Stranger in Town One…

Introduction The Copyright Act, 1957 forms the cornerstone of India’s intellectual property framework, ensuring legal protection for creative expression while adapting to technological progress. It promotes creativity by granting authors and artists legal control over the use of their works. Over the decades, the law has evolved in response to technological changes and global developments. Historical Background India’s copyright law began with the Indian Copyright Act of 1914, which was based on British law. To modernize it, the Copyright Act, 1957 came into effect on January 21, 1958 (Government of India Gazette Notification No. 2 of 1958). Since then, the…