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Maharashtra’s MARVEL: India’s First AI-Backed Law-Enforcement Entity In March 2024, the Government of Maharashtra formally approved the creation of a…

Maharashtra’s MARVEL—Maharashtra Advanced Research and Vigilance for Enhanced Law Enforcement—is India’s first AI-driven, government-owned law enforcement entity. Launched in 2024 through a tripartite collaboration with IIM Nagpur and Pinaka Technologies, it pioneers predictive policing, facial recognition, and automated investigation support through modules like Crime-OS. Governed under a Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV) framework, MARVEL augments rather than replaces human policing, while raising new questions about data privacy, legal admissibility, and AI governance. As India’s criminal justice system integrates artificial intelligence, MARVEL offers a landmark case study in balancing innovation with constitutional safeguards.