Author: deepti mandawara

Abstract The Indian judiciary continues to face a persistent crisis of pendency, where millions of cases remain unresolved for years. This article (i) measures the current scale of backlog through official dashboards, (ii) explores the structural, institutional and procedural roots of delay, (iii) analyses its constitutional, social and economic fallout, (iv) reviews major reform attempts, and (v) suggests actionable recommendations for courts, policymakers and researchers. Introduction The maxim “justice delayed is justice denied” reflects the fundamental challenge of India’s justice system. Case backlogs weaken public trust in law, obstruct timely enforcement of rights, discourage economic activity, and impose psychological and…