Author: Tarannum Naaz

I am a law student at Aligarh Muslim University and deeply passionate about social justice, judicial reform and equality. Through my writing, I aim to spotlight systematic gaps and advocate for a more inclusive and accessible legal system.

Introduction The freedom to speak out is widely regarded as the badge of honour of a democratic society. In India, it is guaranteed by Article 19(1)(a) of the Constitution, which provides for freedom of speech and expression. But with each passing day, exercising this freedom has become a risky exercise. Whether it is a teacher in the classroom, a stand-up comedian on stage, or a reporter writing about a sensitive topic, going on record tends to provoke fury and occasionally, prosecution.[i] Over the last few years, citizens from all walks of life have been threatened, arrested, or sued over comments…

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