The Supreme Court has reaffirmed that convictions under the POCSO Act need not fail for want of medical evidence if ocular testimony is credible and consistent. In Dinesh Kumar Jaldhari v. State of Chhattisgarh (2025), the Court upheld a conviction for aggravated sexual assault on a four-year-old child, relying on consistent parental testimony and trauma-induced behaviour, despite the absence of external injuries. The ruling underscores that medical evidence is corroborative, not substantive, and that courts must adopt a sensitive, victim-centric approach where child victims may be unable to fully articulate their trauma. This jurisprudence ensures that justice is not defeated by technical gaps in forensic proof.

Civil law and criminal law are the two main branches of law with different purposes, parties, and consequences. Civil law…

Introduction The right to privacy has emerged as a cornerstone of constitutional jurisprudence in India following the landmark judgment in…

The insertion of the word “Secular” into the Preamble of the Indian Constitution through the Forty-Second Constitutional Amendment Act, 1976 remains one of the most debated developments in Indian constitutional history. Introduced during the period of Internal Emergency, the amendment has often been questioned for its political context and legitimacy. This article examines whether the introduction of “Secular” represented a fundamental shift in constitutional philosophy or merely a formal recognition of an already existing constitutional principle. By analysing the historical background of the amendment, the constitutional status of the Preamble, and landmark Supreme Court judgments, the article argues that secularism was always implicit in the Indian Constitution and was later made explicit through the amendment. It concludes that the Forty-Second Amendment did not create secularism but reaffirmed it as an integral part of India’s constitutional identity.

Abstract Cyber crime has emerged as a serious threat in the digital era, affecting individuals, organizations, and the State. This…

Introduction In the architecture of modern corporate governance in India, independent and non-executive directors occupy a distinct and deliberately limited…

Introduction: When Power Changes Hands In 1986, food inspectors across Punjab began prosecuting vendors under the Prevention of Food Adulteration…

Introduction Imagine a judge presiding over a case where they hold shares in the defendant company—can justice truly be blind?…

Case Brief There is a need to provide the acquisition of land to a company which is a public company…

Petition Question The question raised in the petition was that, whether Chapter 22 of UP Regulations infringes fundamental rights under…